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1180

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}

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File:Couronnement de Philippe Auguste.jpg (1165–1223)]]

Year 1180 (MCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

Events

= By place =

== Byzantine Empire ==

== Europe ==

== England ==

  • The town of Portsmouth is founded by the Norman merchant Jean de Gisors, who establishes it as a strategic port to facilitate trade between England and France (approximate date).

== Levant ==

  • Summer – King Baldwin IV (known as "the Leper") sends envoys to Saladin proposing a peace treaty. Due to a severe drought, much of Syria is afflicted by famine, prompting Saladin to agree to a two-year truce. Although Raymond of Tripoli initially denounces the agreement, he is forced to accept it following an Ayyubid naval raid on the port city of Tartus.Steven Runciman (1952). A History of the Crusades, Volume II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 343. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29876-3}}.
  • Saladin intervenes in a conflict between the Zengids of Mosul and the Artuqids. He persuades the Seljuk sultanate of Rum not to become involved and proceeds to raid Cilician Armenia.David Nicolle (2011). Saladin. Osprey Publishing: Command Series 12, p. 24. {{ISBN|978-1-84908-317-1}}.
  • Baldwin IV arranges the marriage of his sister, Sibylla, to Guy of Lusignan, brother of the constable Amalric of Lusignan. Baldwin grants Guy the County of Jaffa and Ascalon as a fief.Steven Runciman (1952). A History of the Crusades, Volume II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 346. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29876-3}}.

== Asia ==

  • March 18 – Emperor Takakura is forced to abdicate by Taira no Kiyomori after a 12-year reign. He is succeeded by his two-year-old son, Emperor Antoku, who will reign until 1185. Kiyomori assumes control of the government, ruling as regent in the child emperor's name.
  • Genpei War: Prince Mochihito launches a rebellion against the ruling Taira clan. In support of the uprising, Minamoto no Yorimasa issues a call to arms, appealing to several Buddhist monasteries—such as Enryaku-ji, Mii-dera, and others—that have been alienated by Kiyomori.{{Cite book |last=Sansom |first=George |title=A History of Japan to 1334 |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofjapanto00sans |url-access=registration |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=1958 |ISBN=0804705232 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/historyofjapanto00sans/page/277 277]–281}}
  • June 20 – Battle of Uji: Prince Mochihito and Minamoto no Yorimasa take refuge in the Byōdō-in Temple. They appeal to warrior monks for assistance, but are ultimately defeated by Taira forces. Yorimasa commits suicide, and Mochihito is killed while fleeing.
  • September 14 – Battle of Ishibashiyama: A Taira force of approximately 3,000 men, led by Ōba Kagechika, defeats Minamoto no Yoritomo near Mount Fuji (in present-day Odawara). Yoritomo narrowly escapes by sea and flees to Awa Province.{{Cite book |last=Turnbull |first=Stephen |title=The Samurai Sourcebook |publisher=Cassell & Co. |year=1998 |isbn=1854095234 |page=200}}
  • November 9 – Battle of Fujigawa: Minamoto forces, numbering around 30,000 and commanded by Minamoto no Yoritomo, defeat a Taira army under Taira no Koremori near the Fuji River. The Taira forces retreat in disorder, though Koremori manages to escape.{{Cite book |last=Turnbull |first=Stephen |title=The Samurai: A Military History |publisher=MacMillan Publishing Co., Inc. |year=1977 |ISBN=0026205408 |page=53}}

= By topic =

== Culture ==

  • Alexander Neckam becomes a lecturer in Paris and begins writing De Natura Rerum, one of the earliest Western European works to mention chess (approximate date).

== Demography ==

  • Hangzhou, the capital of the Southern Song dynasty in China, becomes the largest city in the world, surpassing Fez in the Almohad Caliphate.{{Cite web |url=http://geography.about.com/library/weekly/aa011201a.htm |title=World's Largest Cities Through History |website=About.com Geography |access-date=March 1, 2006 |archive-date=August 18, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818124242/http://geography.about.com/library/weekly/aa011201a.htm |url-status=dead }}

Births

Deaths

References

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