Phil Fish

{{Short description|French-Canadian former indie video game designer}}

{{About|the video game designer|the Barney Miller character|Phil Fish (character)|the 17th and 18th century French actor|Philippe Poisson (actor)}}

{{Use Canadian English|date=December 2013}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2013}}

{{Infobox person

| name = Phil Fish

| image = Phil Fish at GAMMA 3D 2008 (3069071319).jpg

| birth_name = Philippe Poisson

| alt = Fish wearing anaglyph (3D) glasses, a black tie and vest, and blue cardigan while holding a red drink at the GAMMA 3D 2008 video game event

| caption = Fish at GAMMA 3D in 2008

| birth_date = {{Birth year and age|1984}}

| birth_place = Montreal, Quebec, Canada

| occupation = Game designer

| employer = Polytron Corporation

| known_for = Fez

}}

Philippe Poisson (born 1984), better known as Phil Fish, is a French-Canadian former indie game designer best known for the 2012 platformer Fez. He was born and raised in Quebec, where his experiences with Nintendo games in his youth would later influence his game design. He studied game design at the Montreal National Animation and Design Centre, and worked at Ubisoft and Artificial Mind and Movement before starting Polytron in 2008.

Fish was a founding member of Kokoromi, a collective that explores experimental gameplay ideas, and organized Montreal's annual GAMMA games events. While Fez was in development, Fish worked on other unreleased games at Polytron including SuperHyperCube and Power Pill. Fez was released in April 2012 to widespread acclaim after a protracted five-year development cycle. Its final phases of development were shown in the 2012 documentary Indie Game: The Movie, which brought Fish fame unusual for game developers.

Following an online argument and doxxing, Fish publicly announced his exit from game development twice over the next two years, citing long-term mistreatment by the industry. Polytron later published the 2015 Panoramical, and Fish returned with Kokoromi to release SuperHyperCube in 2016.

Early life and career

Phil Fish was born Philippe Poisson{{r|Kotaku: moment of clarity}} in Montreal in 1984.{{r|Space Time Play}} He was raised in Quebec, where his parents shared their interest in art and gaming with him. Fish's father translated The Legend of Zelda into French so the two could play together. Fish credits these memories as formative, and later cited their influence on Fez.{{r|Kotaku: moment of clarity}} He graduated from the 2004 Design and Digital Art for Video Games program at the Montreal NAD (National Animation and Design Centre).{{r|NAD grad}}

Fish began his career at the video game publisher Ubisoft,{{r|Kotaku: moment of clarity}} where he worked on Open Season as a level designer.{{r|GamesRadar: first game}} He was initially excited for the job but grew disenchanted with their large development teams and working conditions. Fish later described it as "the worst experience of [his] life". He was later fired from the company.{{r|Kotaku: moment of clarity}}

On May 24, 2006, Fish won the Artificial Mind and Movement Award for Best Cut-Scene at the annual NAD Center Awards of Excellence Gala.{{r|NAD award|DI IT in brief}} Later that year, Fish began work as a level designer at Artificial Mind and Movement,{{r|NAD news 2007 March}} where he designed for film tie-in games{{r|Kotaku: moment of clarity}} including The Golden Compass.{{r|Golden Compass}}

File:Kokoromi, 2007 (cropped).jpg

Fish is a founding member of Kokoromi, a group that designs{{r|Space Time Play}} and promotes experimental video games.{{r|This 2007}} His November 2006 Arcadia Festival event, GAMMA 01 Audio Feed, featured games that incorporated live sound.{{r|NAD news 2007 March}} Fish planned a similar event, GAMMA 256,{{r|NAD news 2007 March}} for 2007, and a third event, GAMMA 3D, for November 2008 in Montreal.{{r|IndieGames.com: interview 2008}} Fish was invited to present a lecture on GAMMA 01 at the 2007 Game Developers Conference.{{r|NAD news 2007 March}} He also wrote a review of the 1999 Legacy of Kain: Soul Reaver in the 2007 book Space Time Play: Synergies Between Computer Games, Architecture and Urbanism: the Next Level.{{r|Space Time Play}}

Fish has been characterized by Sean Hollister of The Verge as "notorious for voicing angry, controversial opinions about the state of video games".{{cite news| url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/7/27/4563738/fez-ii-abruptly-canceled-after-developer-phil-fish-explodes-in-rage | title='Fez II' abruptly cancelled after developer Phil Fish explodes in rage on Twitter | work=The Verge|date=July 27, 2013|access-date=July 27, 2013}} In a notable incident at the Game Developers Conference in March 2012, a Japanese developer asked Fish for his opinion on modern Japanese games, to which Fish replied, "your games just suck". Many condemned Fish's comment as racist; Alex Donaldson of VG247 wrote in 2023 that it "became the banner-bearer" for racist Western attitudes towards Japanese-developed games.{{cite web |last1=Donaldson |first1=Alex |title=As Final Fantasy 16 boss Naoki Yoshida calls it “discriminatory”, is it time to drop the term ‘JRPG’? |url=https://www.vg247.com/final-fantasy-16-naoki-yoshida-jrpg-discriminatory |website=VG247 |access-date=September 26, 2023 |date=March 3, 2023}} Conversely, Mega Man co-creator Keiji Inafune defended Fish's remark as necessary criticism.{{cite web |last1=Sanchez |first1=David |title=Inafune says Phil Fish made necessary remarks about Japanese games |url=https://www.gamezone.com/news/inafune-says-phil-fish-made-necessary-remarks-about-japanese-games/ |website=GameZone |access-date=September 26, 2023 |date=May 4, 2012}} Fish initially defended the comments,{{cite web |last1=Yin-Poole |first1=Wesley |title=Fez creator Phil Fish declares: modern Japanese games "just suck" |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/fez-creator-phil-fish-declares-modern-japanese-games-just-suck |website=Eurogamer |access-date=September 26, 2023 |date=March 7, 2012}} but later acknowledged that he had been rude{{cite web |last1=Narcisse |first1=Evan |title=Fez Creator Says People Have Gotten His "Japanese Games Suck" Comment All Wrong |url=https://kotaku.com/fez-creator-says-people-have-gotten-his-japanese-games-453101462 |website=Kotaku |access-date=September 26, 2023 |date=March 9, 2012}} and apologized.{{cite web |last1=Ashcraft |first1=Brian |title=Japanese Games "Just Suck" Target Has a Message for Phil Fish: Thank You |url=https://kotaku.com/japanese-games-just-suck-target-has-a-message-for-phi-5989862 |website=Kotaku |access-date=September 26, 2023 |date=March 11, 2013}}

Polytron

{{See also|Development of Fez}}

File:Polytron Corporation logo.png

Fish began to work with Toronto-based indie developer Shawn McGrath on McGrath's idea for a puzzle game that showed 2D views of a 3D space. Fish provided the project's art{{r|Kotaku: moment of clarity}} until the partnership crumbled due to creative differences: Fish wanted their product to be more of a platform game.{{r|GamesTM: trials 1}} Fish continued to work on the game in his spare time,{{r|Kotaku: moment of clarity}} and incorporated the idea of voxels (3D pixels), where a 2D pixel could be seen from four sides. The game would become Fez and the game's design, lore, and art derived from this game mechanic. Fish searched for a programmer on DeviantArt and Renaud Bédard, the first person to apply, became the game's programmer.{{r|GamesTM: trials 1}} Fez was first announced in July 2007{{r|Download.com lands on Windows}} and was nominated for two awards at the 2008 Game Developers Conference Independent Games Festival.{{r|IndieGames.com: IGF 2008}} Fish's employer, Artificial Mind and Movement, would not let him take leave from work to attend, so Fish quit. He marked this January 2008 moment as "when I became indie". The game received widespread attention upon its showing at the festival, leading Fish to open Polytron Corporation as a startup company with a government loan.{{r|Kotaku: moment of clarity}}

Polytron later ran out of money{{r|GamesTM: trials 2}} and was on the verge of folding when the company's Québécois neighbor, developer-producer Trapdoor, offered to help Polytron without transferring its intellectual property rights. According to Fish, the partnership saved Fez.{{r|Gamasutra: Breaking}} The game was delayed several times over the next few years{{r|Kotaku: delayed}} for which it received some notoriety.{{r|Polygon: review}}

In late 2009, Polytron presented an iPhone game called Power Pill at Pecha Kucha Montreal. The game features a panacean pill that travels through human bodies as its playable protagonist, and it uses the iPhone's multi-touch screen. GameSetWatch{{'s}} Eric Caoili compared it to Soul Bubbles and Irritating Stick. The game was developed with Alec Holowka of Infinite Ammo, and a level editor was expected to be included.{{r|GameSetWatch: Power Pill}} While working on Fez, Fish revived a game project called SuperHyperCube, which was based on Wiimote motion capture input and stereoscopic navigation. Fish felt the game would work better with the new Kinect motion tracking. The adapted game was a finalist at Indiecade 2011.{{r|Gamasutra: Breaking}}

File:Fez dev team at 2012 GDC IGF.jpg

Fish and Fez were featured prominently in the 2012 documentary Indie Game: The Movie, through which Fish received celebrity unusual for game developers.{{r|NBC}} The film chronicles the stories of several indie developers at various stages of their games' development cycles, and Fish is shown preparing for Fez{{'s}} booth at PAX East in March 2011. The film presents Fish amidst a legal dispute with a former business partner that jeopardizes the game's release.{{r|Eurogamer: IGTM review}} The ex-partner, Jason DeGroot (a musician who contributed to the game), is portrayed negatively and is not shown on-screen.{{cite web |url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/gaming/goodbye-phil-fish-we-hardly-knew-ye/ |first=Michael |last=Rougeau |date=July 30, 2013 |work=Digital Trends |title=The rise, and completely predictable fall of game developer Phil Fish}}{{r|Polygon: IGTM resolve}} The film also tracks Fish's personal and emotional investment in the game. Eurogamer wrote that the scene where Fish resolves to kill himself if he does not release his game is "the film's most startling moment".{{r|Eurogamer: IGTM review}} Rock, Paper, Shotgun wrote that Fish is portrayed as melodramatic, existential, theatrical, and neurotic in contrast with the other developers shown in the film, which would exacerbate his outspoken public perception.{{r|RPS: IGTM review}} Game Informer called Fish the film's "most memorable developer".{{r|GI: IGTM Where Now}}

Near the end of development, Fish felt "burnt out" and that his personal health had suffered.{{r|Gamasutra: Breaking}} Fez was released on April 13, 2012, and sold 200,000 copies in its yearlong exclusivity to the Xbox Live Arcade platform.{{r|GameZone: PC preorders}} Video game review aggregator Metacritic described its reception as "generally favorable"{{r|Metacritic: X360}} and that of the 2013 PC version as "universal acclaim".{{r|Metacritic: PC}} While in development, Fez had won the 2012 GDC Independent Games Festival's Seamus McNally Grand Prize,{{r|Polygon: sequel announced}} the 2011 Indiecade Best in Show and Best Story/World Design,{{r|Shacknews: IndieCade 2011}} and the 2008 GDC Independent Games Festival's Excellence in Visual Art.{{r|Kotaku: moment of clarity}} Eurogamer awarded Fez a perfect score{{r|Eurogamer: review}} and named the "perfect, wordless sci-fi parable" their 2012 Game of the Year.{{r|Eurogamer: GOTY}} The game sold one million copies by the end of 2013{{r|bit-tech: million}} and Fish announced eventual ports for most video game platforms.{{r|VG247: pretty much}} The New York Times{{'s}} Chris Suellentrop likened Fish to "a Quentin Tarantino of 8-bit gaming".{{r|NYT: delights}}

= After ''Fez'' =

{{Quote box|quote=Fez 2 is cancelled. I am done. I take the money and I run. This is as much as I can stomach. This isn't the result of any one thing, but the end of a long, bloody campaign. You win. |source=Fez 2 cancellation post on Polytron's website{{r|Polygon: sequel canceled}} |width=35em |quoted=1}}

A Fez sequel was announced as "one more thing" at end of the Horizon indie game press conference during the June 2013 Electronic Entertainment Expo.{{r|Polygon: one more thing}} A Twitter argument between Fish and GameTrailers journalist Marcus Beer a month later culminated in the project's cancellation and Fish's announced exit from the industry. In an episode of his show Invisible Walls, Beer had criticized Fish's recent response to questions about Microsoft's Xbox One self-publishing policy change. On Twitter, Fish condemned the industry for its negativity before his final tweet announced the cancellation and his leave.{{r|Polygon: sequel canceled}} The news came as a surprise to the rest of Polytron,{{r|Polygon: sequel surprise}} which has not commented on upcoming projects other than ports since the sequel's cancellation.{{r|Shacknews: PS4}} Polygon listed Fish in their top 50 newsmakers of 2013 for the social power of his "caustic use of Twitter".{{r|Polygon: 50}}

In June 2014, Fish announced Polytron Partners{{emdash}}a new effort by Polytron to fund and support potential indie game efforts, like a publisher. For their first game, Polytron would work with Finji to provide the daily operations capacity for an "interactive musical landscape anthology" game named Panoramical.{{r|Game Informer: Polytron Partners}} Fish was an early target of Gamergate;{{Cite web |last1=Schreier |first1=Jason |title=GamerGate's Latest Conspiracy Theory Doesn't Hold Up |work=Kotaku |date=2015-02-05 |url=https://kotaku.com/gamergates-latest-conspiracy-theory-doesnt-hold-up-1684012308 |language=en-us |access-date=2020-07-12 |df=mdy-all }} his personal and company records were hacked and released publicly in August 2014. Fish responded by announcing that the company and Fez property were for sale.{{r|Polygon: hacked}}{{Cite web |last1=Johnston |first1=Casey |title=The death of the 'gamers' and the women who 'killed' them |work=Ars Technica |date=2014-08-29 |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2014/08/the-death-of-the-gamers-and-the-women-who-killed-them/ |language=en-us |access-date=2020-07-12 |df=mdy-all }}

After twice announcing his leave from the video game industry, Fish remained connected with Kokoromi. Together they finished SuperHyperCube in late 2016 as one of the first PlayStation VR games.{{Cite news |last1=Hudson |first1=Laura |title=Virtual Reality's Possibilities Lure Video Game Developers |work=The New York Times |date=2016-09-28 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/29/technology/personaltech/virtual-realitys-possibilities-lure-video-game-developers.html |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |df=mdy-all }} He also designed the boot-up animations for the Analogue Super Nt console in 2017.{{Cite web |last1=Grant |first1=Christopher |title=The Super NT interface is as beautiful as its hardware |work=Polygon |date=2017-12-15 |url=https://www.polygon.com/2017/12/15/16780526/super-nt-interface-ux-phil-fish |language=en-US |access-date=2018-12-03 |df=mdy-all }}

Fish spoke about the cancellation of Fez 2 and his self-declared departure from the industry in a 2023 interview on the My Perfect Console podcast. He claimed that the cancellation had less to do with the argument with Beer and more with his own lack of interest in creating a sequel. He called the Twitter spat an "out" borne from his own frustrations at having suddenly become a public figure from Indie Game: The Movie as well as the obligations of trying to build on his success by creating a sequel he did not care to make. By Fish's recollection, Fez 2 only had very basic concept art which made the cancellation decision easy. Fish claimed he was working on a new project, which he hinted may not be a video game.{{cite web |last1=Welsh |first1=Oli |title=The real reason Phil Fish canceled Fez 2? ‘I wasn’t feeling it’ |url=https://www.polygon.com/23620125/fez-2-canceled-phil-fish-reasons |website=Polygon |access-date=28 June 2023}}

Works

  • SuperHyperCube (2016, Kokoromi, as designer)
  • Fez (2012, Polytron, as designer)
  • Power Pill (unreleased, as designer)
  • The Golden Compass (2007, Artificial Mind and Movement, as asst. level designer){{r|Golden Compass}}
  • Open Season (2006, Ubisoft, as level designer)

References

{{Reflist|30em|refs=

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{{cite web |url=http://www.directioninformatique.com/les-ti-en-bref-16/6942 |language=fr |access-date=January 5, 2014 |title=IT in brief |last1=Ferland |first1=Jean-François |date=June 2, 2006 |work=Direction Informatique |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106034258/http://www.directioninformatique.com/les-ti-en-bref-16/6942 |archive-date=January 6, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://download.cnet.com/8301-2007_4-57582335-12/fez-lands-on-windows/ |access-date=January 1, 2014 |title=Fez lands on Windows |last1=Butler |first1=Peter |date=May 1, 2013 |work=Download.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102191203/http://download.cnet.com/8301-2007_4-57582335-12/fez-lands-on-windows/ |archive-date=January 2, 2014 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-12-30-eurogamers-game-of-the-year-2012 |access-date=January 4, 2014 |title=Eurogamer's Game of the Year 2012 |last1=Bramwell |first1=Tom |date=December 30, 2012 |work=Eurogamer |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140110021230/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-12-30-eurogamers-game-of-the-year-2012 |archive-date=January 10, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-03-06-indie-game-the-movie-review |access-date=January 3, 2014 |title=Indie Game: The Movie Review |last1=Welsh |first1=Oli |date=June 12, 2012 |work=Eurogamer |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113103915/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-03-06-indie-game-the-movie-review |archive-date=January 13, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-04-12-fez-review |access-date=January 4, 2014 |title=Fez Review |last1=Welsh |first1=Oli |date=April 12, 2012 |work=Eurogamer |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140110020817/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-04-12-fez-review |archive-date=January 10, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/134934/the_making_of_fez_the_breaking_of_.php?print=1 |access-date=January 3, 2014 |title=The Making Of Fez, The Breaking Of Phil Fish |last1=Parkin |first1=Simon |date=December 12, 2011 |work=Gamasutra |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111080347/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/134934/the_making_of_fez_the_breaking_of_.php?print=1 |archive-date=November 11, 2013 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.gamesetwatch.com/2009/10/polytron_prescribes_power_pill.php |access-date=January 5, 2014 |title=Polytron Prescribes Power Pill For iPhone |last1=Caoili |first1=Eric |date=October 2, 2009 |work=GameSetWatch |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106040658/http://www.gamesetwatch.com/2009/10/polytron_prescribes_power_pill.php |archive-date=January 6, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/first-games-legendary-developers/ |access-date=January 5, 2014 |title=The first games of legendary developers |last1=Sullivan |first1=Lucas |date=October 17, 2013 |work=GamesRadar |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106041531/http://www.gamesradar.com/first-games-legendary-developers/ |archive-date=January 6, 2014 |url-status=live |quote=Phil Fish / The first game he ever worked on was: Open Season, as a level designer. |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.gamestm.co.uk/features/phil-fish-reveals-the-trials-and-tribulations-behind-indie-platformer-fez/ |access-date=January 1, 2014 |title=Phil Fish reveals the trials and tribulations behind indie platformer Fez |date=June 14, 2011 |page=1 |work=GamesTM |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102193620/http://www.gamestm.co.uk/features/phil-fish-reveals-the-trials-and-tribulations-behind-indie-platformer-fez/ |archive-date=January 2, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.gamestm.co.uk/features/phil-fish-reveals-the-trials-and-tribulations-behind-indie-platformer-fez/2/ |access-date=January 1, 2014 |title=Phil Fish reveals the trials and tribulations behind indie platformer Fez |date=June 14, 2011 |page=2 |work=GamesTM |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102193625/http://www.gamestm.co.uk/features/phil-fish-reveals-the-trials-and-tribulations-behind-indie-platformer-fez/2/ |archive-date=January 2, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.gamezone.com/news/2013/04/17/fez-preorders-begin-april-22-on-gog-and-steam |access-date=January 3, 2014 |title=Fez preorders begin April 22 on GOG and Steam |last1=Carmichael |first1=Stephanie |date=April 17, 2013 |work=GameZone |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104005101/http://www.gamezone.com/news/2013/04/17/fez-preorders-begin-april-22-on-gog-and-steam |archive-date=January 4, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite magazine |url=https://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2013/07/05/indie-game-the-move-where-are-they-now.aspx |access-date=January 3, 2014 |title=Indie Game: The Movie – Where Are They Now? |last1=Hilliard |first1=Kyle |date=July 5, 2013 |magazine=Game Informer |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231204749/http://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2013/07/05/indie-game-the-move-where-are-they-now.aspx |archive-date=December 31, 2013 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite magazine |url=https://www.gameinformer.com/b/news/archive/2014/06/14/fez-developer-re-emerges-as-polytron-partners.aspx |access-date=June 14, 2014 |magazine=Game Informer |title=Fez Developer Re-Emerges With Polytron Partners |last1=Hilliard |first1=Kyle |date=June 14, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140616215248/http://www.gameinformer.com/b/news/archive/2014/06/14/fez-developer-re-emerges-as-polytron-partners.aspx |archive-date=June 16, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=52079&tab=credits |access-date=January 5, 2014 |title=The Golden Compass - Credits |work=AllGame |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141115023059/http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=52079&tab=credits |archive-date=November 15, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://indiegames.com/2008/02/announcement-igf-2008-winners.html |access-date=January 4, 2014 |title=Announcement: IGF 2008 Winners |last1=W. |first1=Tim |date=February 22, 2008 |work=IndieGames.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106031643/http://indiegames.com/2008/02/announcement-igf-2008-winners.html |archive-date=January 6, 2014 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://indiegames.com/2008/08/interview_phil_fish_fez.html |access-date=January 5, 2014 |title=Interview: Phil Fish (Fez) |last1=W. |first1=Tim |date=August 30, 2008 |work=IndieGames.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106040613/http://indiegames.com/2008/08/interview_phil_fish_fez.html |archive-date=January 6, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://kotaku.com/5845288/oh-by-the-way-fez-is-delayed-again |access-date=January 5, 2014 |title=Oh, by the Way, Fez is Delayed. Again. |last1=Good |first1=Owen |date=September 29, 2011 |work=Kotaku |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106031612/http://kotaku.com/5845288/oh-by-the-way-fez-is-delayed-again |archive-date=January 6, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://kotaku.com/5219689/going-indie-fez-creator-phil-fishs-moment-of-clarity |access-date=January 1, 2014 |title=Going Indie: Fez Creator Phil Fish's Moment Of Clarity |last1=Ashcroft |first1=Brian |date=April 20, 2009 |work=Kotaku |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140103074107/http://kotaku.com/5219689/going-indie-fez-creator-phil-fishs-moment-of-clarity |archive-date=January 3, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=https://www.metacritic.com/game/fez/critic-reviews/?platform=pc |access-date=January 4, 2014 |title=Fez Critic Reviews for PC |work=Metacritic |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419223252/http://www.metacritic.com/game/pc/fez/critic-reviews |archive-date=April 19, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=https://www.metacritic.com/game/fez/critic-reviews/?platform=xbox-360 |access-date=January 4, 2014 |title=Fez Critic Reviews for Xbox 360 |work=Metacritic |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141101152815/http://www.metacritic.com/game/xbox-360/fez/critic-reviews |archive-date=November 1, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite press release |url=http://static.centrenad.com/static/en/the_centre/communication/pressroom/May%2025%202006%20%20-%206th%20Annual%20NAD%20Centre%20Awards%20of%20Excellence%20Gala,%20the%20industry%20awards%2012%20000$%20to%20CGI%20relief.pdf |access-date=January 5, 2014 |title=6th Annual NAD Centre Awards of Excellence Gala THE INDUSTRY AWARDS 12 000 $ TO CGI RELIEF |date=May 26, 2006 |publisher=NAD Centre |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106040503/http://static.centrenad.com/static/en/the_centre/communication/pressroom/May%2025%202006%20%20-%206th%20Annual%20NAD%20Centre%20Awards%20of%20Excellence%20Gala,%20the%20industry%20awards%2012%20000$%20to%20CGI%20relief.pdf |archive-date=January 6, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.nad.ca/en/alumni/list_graduates/design |access-date=January 5, 2014 |title=Graduates from the design and digital art for video games program |publisher=NAD Centre |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106040325/http://www.nad.ca/en/alumni/list_graduates/design |archive-date=January 6, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://static.centrenad.com/static/en/the_centre/communication/newsletter/Vol.%206-no%203.pdf |access-date=January 5, 2014 |title=What's become of our graduates? |date=March 30, 2007 |work=NAD Centre newsletter |volume=6 |number=3 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106040500/http://static.centrenad.com/static/en/the_centre/communication/newsletter/Vol.%206-no%203.pdf |archive-date=January 6, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/technology/angry-twitter-spat-leads-fez-creator-leave-game-industry-6C10798149 |access-date=January 1, 2014 |title=Angry Twitter spat leads 'Fez' creator to leave game industry |last1=LeJacq |first1=Yannick |date=July 30, 2013 |work=NBC News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102195835/http://www.nbcnews.com/technology/angry-twitter-spat-leads-fez-creator-leave-game-industry-6C10798149 |archive-date=January 2, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/17/arts/video-games/the-video-game-fez-is-complex-by-design.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 |access-date=February 8, 2014 |title=A New Game Delights in Difficulty |last1=Suellentrop |first1=Chris |date=May 16, 2012 |work=The New York Times |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140810225312/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/17/arts/video-games/the-video-game-fez-is-complex-by-design.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 |archive-date=August 10, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.polygon.com/2014/1/1/5261194/50-gaming-news-makers-of-the-year |access-date=January 1, 2014 |title=The 50 gaming newsmakers who shaped 2013 |last1=Campbell |first1=Colin |date=January 1, 2014 |work=Polygon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102191546/http://www.polygon.com/2014/1/1/5261194/50-gaming-news-makers-of-the-year |archive-date=January 2, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.polygon.com/2014/8/22/6057317/fez-developer-polytron-hacked-harassment |access-date=August 31, 2014 |title=Fez developer Polytron hacked in ongoing game developer harassment effort |last=McWhertor |first=Michael |date=August 22, 2014 |work=Polygon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140901000052/http://www.polygon.com/2014/8/22/6057317/fez-developer-polytron-hacked-harassment |archive-date=September 1, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.polygon.com/gaming/2012/6/15/3083080/indie-game-the-movie-revised-credits-phil-fish-fez |access-date=January 5, 2014 |title='Indie Game: The Movie' filmmakers resolve dispute by revising end credits |last1=Sarkar |first1=Samit |date=June 15, 2012 |work=Polygon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106031737/http://www.polygon.com/gaming/2012/6/15/3083080/indie-game-the-movie-revised-credits-phil-fish-fez |archive-date=January 6, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.polygon.com/2013/6/18/4442806/horizon-offered-a-quieter-conversational-e3-press-conference |access-date=January 3, 2014 |title=Horizon offered a quieter, conversational E3 press conference |last1=McElroy |first1=Griffin |date=June 18, 2013 |work=Polygon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104014130/http://www.polygon.com/2013/6/18/4442806/horizon-offered-a-quieter-conversational-e3-press-conference |archive-date=January 4, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.polygon.com/2012/10/12/3493670/fez-review-living-in-spin |access-date=January 1, 2014 |title=Fez review: Living in spin |last1=Gies |first1=Arthur |date=April 11, 2012 |work=Polygon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102195219/http://www.polygon.com/2012/10/12/3493670/fez-review-living-in-spin |archive-date=January 2, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.polygon.com/2013/6/13/4427198/fez-2-announced |access-date=January 3, 2014 |title=Fez 2 in development at Polytron |last1=McElroy |first1=Griffin |date=June 13, 2013 |work=Polygon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131222043947/http://www.polygon.com/2013/6/13/4427198/fez-2-announced |archive-date=December 22, 2013 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.polygon.com/2013/7/27/4563350/fez-2-canceled-phil-fish-confirms |access-date=January 3, 2014 |title=Fez 2 canceled, Phil Fish confirms (updated) |last1=Farokhmanesh |first1=Megan |date=June 27, 2013 |work=Polygon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140112154126/http://www.polygon.com/2013/7/27/4563350/fez-2-canceled-phil-fish-confirms |archive-date=January 12, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.polygon.com/2013/8/1/4578342/fez-2-cancellation-producer-kind-of-in-shock |access-date=January 3, 2014 |title=Polytron producer 'kind of in shock' at Fez 2 cancellation |last1=Sarkar |first1=Samit |date=August 1, 2013 |work=Polygon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231044917/http://www.polygon.com/2013/8/1/4578342/fez-2-cancellation-producer-kind-of-in-shock |archive-date=December 31, 2013 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2012/06/12/wot-i-think-indie-game-the-movie/ |access-date=January 3, 2014 |title=Wot I Think – Indie Game: The Movie |last1=Caldwell |first1=Brendan |date=June 12, 2012 |work=Rock, Paper, Shotgun |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140103163100/http://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2012/06/12/wot-i-think-indie-game-the-movie/ |archive-date=January 3, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.shacknews.com/article/70529/indiecade-2011-award-winners-and-inventive-cooperation |access-date=January 4, 2014 |title=IndieCade 2011: Award winners and inventive cooperation |last1=Mattas |first1=Jeff |date=October 9, 2011 |work=Shacknews |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106032225/http://www.shacknews.com/article/70529/indiecade-2011-award-winners-and-inventive-cooperation |archive-date=January 6, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.shacknews.com/article/80760/fez-coming-to-ps4-and-vita |access-date=January 3, 2014 |title=Fez coming to PS4, PS3, and Vita [Update] |last1=Yoon |first1=Andrew |date=August 20, 2013 |work=Shacknews |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104074333/http://www.shacknews.com/article/80760/fez-coming-to-ps4-and-vita |archive-date=January 4, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite book|editor-last=von Borries|editor-first=Friedrich|title=Space Time Play: Synergies Between Computer Games, Architecture and Urbanism: the Next Level|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=isgsj244XeQC&pg=PA490|year=2007|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-7643-8414-2|page=490}}

{{cite web |url=http://www.thismagazine.ca/issues/2007/07/experiment.php |access-date=January 1, 2014 |title=The great video game experiment |last1=Gillich |first1=Kevin |date=July 2007 |work=This |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102191801/http://www.thismagazine.ca/issues/2007/07/experiment.php |archive-date=January 2, 2014 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}

{{cite web |url=http://www.vg247.com/2013/03/19/fez-headed-to-pretty-much-every-platform-except-3ds/ |access-date=January 3, 2014 |title=Fez headed to "pretty much" every platform, except 3DS |last1=Hillier |first1=Brenna |date=March 19, 2013 |work=VG247 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104062248/http://www.vg247.com/2013/03/19/fez-headed-to-pretty-much-every-platform-except-3ds/ |archive-date=January 4, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}

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