:1-Butene
{{Chembox
|Verifiedfields = changed
|Watchedfields = changed
|verifiedrevid = 477207214
|ImageFileL1 = 1-Butene.svg
|ImageClassL1 = skin-invert
|ImageFileR1 =But-1-ene-3D-balls.png
|ImageClassR1 = bg-transparent
|ImageFile1 = 1-butene.svg
|ImageClass1 = skin-invert
|PIN = But-1-ene{{cite book | title = Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book) | publisher = The Royal Society of Chemistry | date = 2014 | location = Cambridge | pages = 17, 61, 374 | doi = 10.1039/9781849733069-FP001 | isbn = 978-0-85404-182-4}}
|OtherNames = Ethylethylene
1-Butylene
α-Butylene
|Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
|ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
|ChEBI = 48362
|ChemSpiderID = 7556
|ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
|ChEMBL = 117210
|InChI = 1/C4H8/c1-3-4-2/h3H,1,4H2,2H3
|InChIKey = VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYAZ
|SMILES1 = CCC=C
|StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
|StdInChI = 1S/C4H8/c1-3-4-2/h3H,1,4H2,2H3
|StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
|StdInChIKey = VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|CASNo = 106-98-9
|PubChem = 7844
|UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
|UNII = LY001N554L
|UNNumber = 1012
|EC_number = 203-449-2
|Gmelin = 25205
|Beilstein = 1098262
|SMILES = C=CCC
}}
|Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|C=4 | H=8
|Appearance = Colorless gas
|Odor = slightly aromatic
|Density = 0.62 g/cm3
|MeltingPtC = -185.3
|BoilingPtC = -6.47
|Solubility = 0.221 g/100 mL
|SolubleOther = soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene
|RefractIndex = 1.3962
|Viscosity = 7.76 Pa
}}
|Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards
|FlashPtF = −110
|AutoignitionPtC = 385
|ExploLimits = 1.6–10%
|NFPA-H = 1 | NFPA-F = 4 | NFPA-R = 0
|GHSPictograms = {{GHS02}}
|GHSSignalWord = Danger
|HPhrases = {{H-phrases|220}}
|PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210|377|381|403|410+403}}
}}
}}
1-Butene (IUPAC name: But-1-ene, also known as 1-butylene) is the organic compound with the formula CH3CH2CH=CH2. It is a colorless gas, but easily condensed to give a colorless liquid. It is classified as a linear alpha-olefin (terminal alkene).{{cite web|url=http://chemicalland21.com/industrialchem/organic/1-BUTENE.htm|title=1-BUTENE|website=chemicalland21.com|access-date=22 April 2018}} It is one of the isomers of butene (butylene). It is a precursor to diverse products.
Reactions
Polymerization of 1-butene gives polybutylene, which is used to make piping for domestic plumbing.{{Ullmann|doi=10.1002/14356007.a21_487|title= Polyolefins|year=2000|last1=Whiteley|first1=Kenneth S.|last2=Heggs|first2=T. Geoffrey|last3=Koch|first3=Hartmut|last4=Mawer|first4=Ralph L.|last5=Immel|first5=Wolfgang}} Another application is as a comonomer in the production of certain kinds of polyethylene, such as linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE).{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2008.05.003|title=Olefin polymer technologies—History and Recent Progress at the Dow Chemical Company|year=2008|last1=Chum|first1=P. Steve|last2=Swogger|first2=Kurt W.|journal=Progress in Polymer Science|volume=33|issue=8|pages=797–819}} It has also been used as a precursor to polypropylene resins, butylene oxide, and butanone.{{cite web|url=http://www.shell.com/home/content/chemicals/products_services/our_products/lower_olefins/1_butene/product_overview/|title=1-Butene product overview|website=shell.com|access-date=22 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210001059/http://www.shell.com/home/content/chemicals/products_services/our_products/lower_olefins/1_butene/product_overview/|archive-date=2012-02-10|url-status=dead}}
Manufacturing
1-Butene is produced by separation from crude C4 refinery streams and by ethylene dimerization. The former affords a mixture of 1-and 2-butenes, while the latter affords only the terminal alkene.{{cite web|url=http://chempedia.info/info/151339/|title=Alphabutol process - Big Chemical Encyclopedia|website=chempedia.info|access-date=22 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208231536/http://chempedia.info/info/151339/|archive-date=2017-12-08|url-status=dead}} It is distilled to give a very high purity product. An estimated 12 billion kilograms were produced in 2011.{{Ullmann|last1=Geilen|first1=Frank M.A.|last2=Stochniol|first2=Guido|last3=Peitz|first3=Stephan|last4=Schulte-Koerne|first4=Ekkehard|title=Butenes|year=2014|doi=10.1002/14356007.a04_483.pub3}}
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Alkenes}}
{{Hydrides by group}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Butene, 1-}}