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:Chungseon of Goryeo

{{Short description|King of Goryeo (1298, 1308–1313)}}

{{For|the same name Wang Wŏn|Prince Hyoeun}}

{{more citations needed|reason=current references are hundreds of years old and clearly outdated|date=February 2021}}

{{Infobox royalty

| name = Chungseon
{{lang|ko|충선왕}}
{{lang|ko|忠宣王}}

| title =

| image =

| caption =

| succession1 = King of Goryeo
1st reign

| reign1 = 1298–1298

| coronation1 = 1298

| predecessor1 = Chungnyeol of Goryeo

| successor1 = Chungnyeol of Goryeo

| succession2 = King of Goryeo
2nd reign

| reign2 = 1308–1313

| coronation2 = 1308

| predecessor2 = Chungnyeol of Goryeo

| successor2 = Chungsuk of Goryeo

| succession3 = Prince of Shen

| reign3 = 1308–1316

| coronation3 = 1308

| predecessor3 =

| successor3 = Wang Ko

| spouse = {{Marriage|Princess Gyeguk|1296|1316|reason=died}}

| spouse-type = Consort

| issue = Chungsuk of Goryeo
Prince Deokheung

| posthumous name = *Great King Seonhyo
(선효대왕, 宣孝大王; given by Goryeo dynasty)

  • King Chungseon
    (충선왕, 忠宣王; given by Yuan dynasty)

| full name = *Goryeo: Wang Won ({{Korean|hangul=왕원|hanja=王謜|labels=no}}), later Wang Chang ({{Korean|hangul=왕장|hanja=王璋|labels=no}})

  • Yuan: Ijir Bukhqa (이지르부카/익지례보화, 益知禮普花)

| house = Wang

| dynasty = Goryeo

| father = Chungnyeol of Goryeo

| mother = Queen Jangmok

| birth_name =

| birth_date = 20 October 1275

| birth_place = Sapan Palace, Gaegyeong, Goryeo

| death_date = {{death-date and age|23 June 1325|20 October 1275}}

| death_place = Yeongyeong Mansion, Khanbaliq, Yuan Empire

| burial_place = Deokneung ({{Korean|hangul=덕릉|hanja=德陵|labels=no}})

| religion = Buddhism

}}

{{Infobox Korean name

|hangul=충선왕

|hanja=忠宣王

|rr=Chungseon Wang

|mr=Ch'ungsŏn Wang

|hangulborn=왕원, later 왕장

|hanjaborn=王謜, later 王璋

|rrborn=Wang Won, later Wang Jang

|mrborn=Wang Wŏn, later Wang Chang

|hangulja=중앙

|hanjaja=仲昻

|rrja=Jungang

|mrja=Chungang

|title=Korean name}}

{{Goryeo monarchs}}

Chungseon (20 October 1275 – 23 June 1325), born Wang Wŏn ({{Korean|hangul=왕원|hanja=王謜}}), later changed his name to Wang Chang ({{Korean|hangul=왕장|hanja=王璋|labels=no}}), also known by his Mongolian name Ijir Bukhqa (益知禮普花),{{cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=EB4qAwAAQBAJ | title = 事大與保國 ── 元明之際的中韓關係 | author = 范永聰 |publisher = 香港教育圖書公司 | year = 2009 | isbn = 9789882003019 | language = zh-hk | page = 58 }} was the 26th ruler of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea. He reigned in 1298, and again from 1308 to 1313.

Adept at calligraphy and painting, rather than politics, he generally preferred the life in Dadu (the capital of the Yuan dynasty, present-day Beijing) to that in Gaegyeong (the capital of Goryeo, present-day Kaesong). He was the eldest son of King Chungnyeol and Queen Jangmok; since Wonjong of Goryeo requested to marry his son to a daughter of the Khan in 1269, which Kubilai obliged with the youngest one of his daughters. This made King Chungseon the first Goryeo monarch with Mongolian ancestry.{{cite news |last1=Doo |first1=Rumy |title='The King Loves' delves into destructive desire of Goryeo King |url=https://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20170704000697 |access-date=1 February 2024 |agency=The Korean Herald |date=July 4, 2017}}

Biography

In 1277, King Chungseon was confirmed as Crown Prince; the following year he travelled to China and received his Mongolian name.{{Citation needed|date=February 2007}}

In 1296, he married Borjigin Budashiri, a Yuan princess and great-granddaughter of Kublai Khan. However, he already had three Korean wives, who were daughters of the powerful nobles.

King Chungseon's mother died in 1297, and this was followed by a violent purge brought on by allegations that she had been murdered. Perhaps upset by these events, King Chungnyeol petitioned Yuan to abdicate the throne and was accordingly replaced by his son in 1298.{{cite news |script-title=ko:고려 충선왕, 유배 길에 오르다! |url=https://world.kbs.co.kr/service/contents_view.htm?lang=k&menu_cate=history&id=&board_seq=64299&page=73&board_code= |access-date=1 February 2024 |date=December 19, 2009}} Faced with intense plotting between the faction of his Mongol Queen and his Korean wife, Royal Consort Jo of the Pungyang Jo clan, King Chungseon returned the throne to his father shortly thereafter.

As the grandson of Kublai Khan, Chungseon had significant sway in the Kuriltais of the early 14th century gathered to elect the new Khan. When Temür Khan's death spurred a competition to the throne, his wife Bulugan put Ananda as successor. Ayurbarwada, who was put to exile, rebelled with his brother Khayishan. King Chungseon who was their cousin, was intimate with them since his days in China, supported them. He supported Khayishan (Külüg Khan) to the throne in 1307, and supported Ayurbarwada (Buyantu Khan) to the throne in 1311. Thus he sat 7th in hierarchy in the empire after the sons of the Khan in their Kurultai.蒙·元제국 쿠릴타이(Quriltai) 연구 https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/bitstream/10371/121641/1/000000136576.pdfAccording to the Goryeosa (specifically {{Lang|zh-hant|《高麗史·卷三十一·世家》}})

Külüg Khan thanked his efforts by giving him a new title on top of his kingship of Goryeo, the Prince/King of Shenyang,{{efn|In English, the title wang (王) can be translated as both "prince" (秦王 or Prince of Qin, Emperor Taizong of Tang's title until Xuanwu Gate Incident) and "king" (魏王 or King of Wei, Cao Cao's title at the time of his death).}}{{efn|瀋陽王 (Simplified Chinese: 沈阳王, Pinyin: Shěnyáng Wáng; {{Korean|hangul=심양왕|rr=Simyang Wang|labels=no}}).}} in 1307According to the History of Yuan (specifically, {{lang|zh-hant|《元史·卷二十二·武宗一》}}). or 1308 specifically mentioned as thanks to his efforts of bringing the Khan to power.According to Goryeosa (specifically {{lang|zh-hant|《高麗史·卷三十二·世家》}}). After his father's death in 1308, King Chungseon obliged to return to the throne of Goryeo and made efforts to reform court politics, but spent as much time as possible in China. In 1310, his Chinese title was changed to Prince/King of Shen.{{efn|瀋王 (Simplified Chinese: 沈王, Pinyin: Shěn Wáng; {{Korean|hangul=심왕|rr=Sim Wang|labels=no}}).}}According to the History of Yuan (specifically, 《元史·卷二十三·武宗二》). He is a very rare case of personal unions in East Asia.

He retired from the throne in 1313, and was replaced by his son, Wang Do. After the death of Buyantu Khan (Renzong of Yuan 元仁宗) in 1320, King Chungseon was briefly sent into exile to Tibet (lately Sakya) by the new Khan, but was permitted to return to Khanbaliq soon thereafter, where he died in 1325.

Family

  1. Princess Supreme of Gye State of the Yuan Borjigin clan, personal name Budashiri – No issue.
  2. Royal Consort Ui, personal name Yasokjin.
  3. Wang Gam, Prince Gwangneung, 1st son
  4. Wang Man, Chungsuk of Goryeo, 2nd son
  5. Royal Consort Jeong of the Kaeseong Wang clan – No issue.
  6. Royal Consort Jo of the Pungyang Jo clan – No issue.
  7. Primary Consort Sunhwa of the Namyang Hong clan – No issue.
  8. Royal Consort Sun of the Yangcheon Heo clan – No issue.
  9. Royal Consort Suk of the Eonyang Kim clan– No issue.
  10. Unknown
  11. Wang Hye, Prince Deokheung, 3rd son
  12. Princess Suchun, 1st daughter

Ancestry

{{ahnentafel

|collapsed=yes |align=center

|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;

|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;

|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;

|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;

|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;

|1= 1. King Chungseon of Goryeo

|2= 2. King Chungnyeol of Goryeo

|3= 3. Borjigin Qutugh Kelmysh

|4= 4. King Wonjong of Goryeo

|5= 5. Queen Jeongsun of the Gyeongju Kim clan

|6= 6. Kublai Khan

|7= 7. Chabi Khatun

|8= 8. King Gojong of Goryeo

|9= 9. Queen Anhye of the Yu clan

|10= 10. Kim Yak-sŏn

|11= 11. Lady Ch'oe

|12= 12. Tolui Khan

|13= 13. Sorghaghtani Beki

|14= 14. Chigu Noyan of Khongirad

|15= 15. Tümelün behi

|16= 16. Gangjong of Goryeo

|17= 17. Queen Wondeok of the Yu clan

|18= 18. King Huijong of Goryeo

|19= 19. Queen Seongpyeong of the Jangheung Im clan

|20= 20. Kim T'ae-sŏ

|21= 21. Lady Min

|22= 22. C'hoe U

|23= 23. Grand Lady Byeon of the Hadong Jeong clan

|24= 24. Genghis Khan (=30)

|25= 25. Börte Ujin (=31)

|26= 26. Jakha Gambhu

|27= 27. Wasai

|28= 28. Alchi

|29= 29. Princess Jining

|30= 30. Genghis Khan (=24)

|31= 31. Börte Ujin (=25)

}}

Popular culture

See also

Notes

{{Notelist}}

References

{{Reflist}}

  • {{cite web|url=http://www.doopedia.co.kr/doopedia/master/master.do?_method=view&MAS_IDX=101013000759044|script-title=ko:충선왕|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|language=Korean}}

External links

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20070311124447/http://dcoll.donga.ac.kr/jsp/search/DcLoDetailView.jsp?itemId=000000000020 A Study on Relations between Koryo's Policy towards Yuan and Costume Policy under Yuan's Interference] (Author: Ahn, Jeong-hee) (Didital Collection, Donga University, South Korea)

{{s-start}}

{{s-hou|House of Wang|20 October|1275|23 June|1325}}

{{s-reg}}

{{s-bef|before=King Chungnyeol|rows=2}}

{{s-ttl|title=King of Goryeo|years=1298}}

{{s-aft|after=King Chungnyeol}}

{{s-ttl|title=King of Goryeo|years=1308–1313}}

{{s-aft|after=King Chungsuk}}

{{s-roy|cn}}

{{s-new|creation}}

{{s-ttl|title=Prince of Shenyang|years=c. 1308 – 1310}}

{{s-aft|after=Himself|as=Prince of Shen}}

{{s-bef|before=Himself|as=Prince of Shenyang}}

{{s-ttl|title=Prince of Shen|years=1310–1316}}

{{s-aft|after=Wang Ko}}

{{s-end}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:King Chungseon Of Goryeo}}

Category:1275 births

Category:1325 deaths

Category:13th-century monarchs in Asia

Category:13th-century Korean monarchs

Category:14th-century Korean monarchs

Category:People from Kaesong