:Clarkstown, New York, train-bus collision

{{Short description|1972 crossing accident in Clarkstown, New York}}

{{multiple issues|

}}

{{Infobox public transit accident

| name = Gilchrest Road crossing accident

| image = Gilchrest Road grade crossing, Clarkstown, NY.jpg

| image_size =

| image_alt =

| caption = The CSX grade crossing in April 2018, after grade crossing barriers and lights were installed.
seen from the southeast

| image_map =

| image_map_alt =

| image_map_caption =

| pushpin_map =

| pushpin_map_alt =

| pushpin_map_caption =

| coordinates = {{coord|41.1338|-73.9452|type:railwaystation_region:US-NY|display=inline,title}}

| date = {{start date and age|1972|03|24}}

| time = about 7:55 am

| location = Clarkstown, New York

| location_dir =

| location_city =

| location_dist_km =

| location_dist_mi =

| country = United States

| line = School bus

| operator =

| owner =

| service =

| type = Grade crossing

| cause = Bus driver's failure to yield at a grade crossing

| bus =

| trains =

| vehicles = Freight train and school bus

| passengers =

| crew =

| pedestrians =

| deaths = 5

| injuries = 46

| damage =

| property =

| footnotes =

}}

The Gilchrest Road crossing accident was a grade crossing incident that occurred on March 24, 1972, in the town of Clarkstown, New York, between the hamlets of Valley Cottage and Congers, roughly {{convert|25|mi}} northwest of New York City. Five students from Valley Cottage were killed, and 44 others were injured.

The Penn Central (formerly New York Central, now CSX) railway crossing at Gilchrest Road West, just outside Valley Cottage, contained only crossbucks and lacked additional warning hardware, such as flashing lights, crossing gates or a warning bell.{{Cite web |title=Mar 25, 1972, page 1 - The Star-Ledger at Newspapers.com |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/1109798650/ |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=Newspapers.com |language=en}} The railway line was also difficult for road vehicles to see due to the curvature of the road and lineside trees.

Crash

On the morning of March 24, 1972, 35-year-old Joseph Larkin was driving Nyack High School GMC H6500 school bus number 596, loaded past capacity, downhill on Gilchrest Road. The bus was filled with 48 passengers, with some left standing due to lack of room.{{Cite book|title=Bus Crash!|last=Miller|first=Floyd|publisher=Reader's Digest|year=1973|pages=1–17}} Penn Central freight train WV-1 (with #2653, a GE U25B as its leading locomotive), traveling at {{convert|25|mph}} with 83 loaded freight cars and a caboose (73 from origin at Weehawken, New Jersey, plus ten more picked up en route at North Bergen), destined for Penn Central's Selkirk, New York yard, was heading toward the Gilchrest Road crossing and began blowing its horn. Larkin did not decrease the speed of the bus as he approached the grade crossing.

The train engineer saw the bus cross the tracks and immediately applied the brakes. However, the train's momentum carried it through the crossing, where it collided with the bus. The freight train ripped through the school bus, severing it into two sections, with the front half coming to rest a quarter mile (1,116 ft) down the tracks. The rear section of the bus was torn loose, and fell off next to the tracks upside down with a number of students still inside, while several other students were ejected from the remaining portion of the bus, passing through separated floor sections and fell between the rails into the path of the train.{{Cite web|url=https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Pages/RHR7301.aspx|title=Penn Central Freight Train / Schoolbus Collision|author=National Transportations Safety Board|website=ntsb.gov |access-date=April 19, 2018}}

Survivor Timothy Wilkins described that, "All of a sudden, someone yelled, 'Train.' I looked up and the train was there. I heard the train brakes and I heard the engine..."{{Cite news|url=https://www.greenspans-law.com/blog/2016/03/remembering-the-fatal-1972-nyack-school-bus-accident.shtml|title=Remembering the fatal 1972 Nyack School Bus accident {{!}} White Plains NY DWI Lawyer {{!}} New York Motor Vehicle Accidents Law Firm|work=Greenspan & Greenspan|access-date=2018-04-19|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-04-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420135333/https://www.greenspans-law.com/blog/2016/03/remembering-the-fatal-1972-nyack-school-bus-accident.shtml|url-status=dead}}

Victims

Three students, Jimmy McGuiness (17), Richard Macaylo (18), and Bobby Mauterer (14), were killed instantly.{{Cite news|url=https://patch.com/new-york/nyack/40-years-ago-a-bus-accident-marrs-nyack|title=40 Years Ago, a Bus Accident Mars Nyack|date=2012-03-20|work=Nyack-Piermont, NY Patch|access-date=2018-04-19|language=en-US}} Forty-five more students and Larkin were rushed to a nearby hospital, where 14-year-old Thomas Grosse died from his injuries several days later. 16-year-old Stephen Ward died on April 14.{{Cite web|url=https://nyacknewsandviews.com/2012/03/jps_nhsdarkestday/|title=Nyack High School's Darkest Day|website=Nyack News and Views|date=24 March 2012 }} Some of the children that survived required artificial limbs.{{Cite journal|last=Reed|first=John H.|date=March 21, 1973|title=Railroad / Highway Accident Report: Penn Central Freight Train / Schoolbus Collision Near Congers New York; March 24, 1972|url=https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/RHR7301.pdf|journal=National Transportation Safety Board|pages=1–43}} One reporter wrote that in the aftermath the hospital had "...anguished mothers, some still clad in bathrobes, crowded the hospital lobby seeking information on their children." None of the train crew were injured in the crash.

Trial

Larkin was brought to trial and charged with criminal negligent homicide in the death of the five students.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/05/11/archives/driver-of-school-bus-is-indicted-in-congers-accident-fatal-to-5.html|title=Driver of School Bus Is Indicted In Congers Accident Fatal to 5|date=May 11, 1972|work=The New York Times|access-date=December 23, 2020}} He pled not guilty to all charges. At trial, witnesses testified that Larkin failed to stop the bus before crossing into the train's path, while Larkin testified he neither saw nor heard the train beforehand. Larkin was convicted of criminally negligent homicide and sentenced to five years’ probation; he died in 1998 at the age of 61.Brum, Robert, "Congers school bus crash: 50 years later, there are memories that can’t be erased," The White Plains Journal News, March 15, 2022. Retrieved 08-26-2022. [https://www.lohud.com/story/news/local/rockland/2022/03/15/clarkstown-ceremony-honor-students-killed-1972-school-bus-crash/7005563001/]

Aftermath

After the crash there was public outcry and anger against the driver and the fact that there were no warning gates or lights at the crossing. On September 22, 1972, the National Transportation Safety Board directed a recommendation relating to the crash towards the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Louis M. Thayer was part of the five member board of the Federal Agency to question witnesses and investigate the crash.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/03/26/archives/us-begins-an-investigation-of-school-bustrain-collision-fatal-to-3.html|title=U.S. Begins an Investigation of School Bus-T rain Collision Fatal to 3 Students in Rockland|last=Scrumach|first=Murray|date=1972-03-26|work=The New York Times|access-date=2018-04-19|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}

A mass for three students who were killed was held at St. Paul's Roman Catholic Church in Congers. A special interdenominational prayer service for the recovery of the injured was held as part of the Palm Sunday observance at All Saints Protestant Episcopal Church in Valley Cottage.

Because of the crash, the New York State Department of Motor Vehicles established article 19-A, which is a system that all bus drivers must be qualified to drive by completing a certain amount of requirements, which include, biennial medicals (with follow-ups if needed), biennial written or oral tests, biennial road tests, yearly defensive driving tests, yearly license abstracts, and fingerprints with criminal history reviews. Article 19-A was established in 1974, two years after the crash.{{Cite web |url=https://dmv.ny.gov/motor-carriers/information-and-forms-article-19 |title= NY DMV}}