:E. L. Doctorow

{{Infobox writer

| name = E. L. Doctorow

| image = Doctorow at the PEN Congress (cropped).jpg

| caption = Doctorow in 1986

| birth_name = Edgar Lawrence Doctorow

| birth_date = {{Birth date |1931|01|06}}

| birth_place = New York City, U.S.

| death_date = {{death date and age|2015|07|21|1931|01|06}}

| death_place = New York City, U.S.

| occupation = {{flatlist|

Writer
editor
professor}}

| education = {{plainlist|

Kenyon College (BA)
Columbia University}}

| notableworks = {{flatlist|class=nowraplinks|

| spouse = {{marriage|Helen Setzer|1953|}}

| children = 3

}}

Edgar Lawrence Doctorow (January 6, 1931 – July 21, 2015) was an American novelist, editor, and professor, best known for his works of historical fiction.

He wrote twelve novels, three volumes of short fiction and a stage drama, including the award-winning novels Ragtime (1975), Billy Bathgate (1989), and The March (2005). These, like many of his other works, placed fictional characters in recognizable historical contexts, with known historical figures, and often used different narrative styles. His stories were recognized for their originality and versatility, and Doctorow was praised for his audacity and imagination.[https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/22/books/el-doctorow-author-of-historical-fiction-dies-at-84.html "E.L. Doctorow Dies at 84; Literary Time Traveler Stirred Past Into Fiction"], The New York Times, July 21, 2015

A number of Doctorow's novels and short stories were also adapted for the screen, including Welcome to Hard Times (1967) starring Henry Fonda, Daniel (1983) starring Timothy Hutton, Billy Bathgate (1991) starring Dustin Hoffman, and Wakefield (2016) starring Bryan Cranston. His most notable adaptations were for the film Ragtime (1981) and the Broadway musical of the same name (1998), which won four Tony Awards.{{NoteTag|To be precise, the film version of Ragtime did not use the screenplay adaptation that Doctorow wrote. According to the publisher’s note for Three Screenplays (see the Bibliography section), Doctorow wrote screenplay adaptations of three of his works― The Book of Daniel, Ragtime, and Loon Lake: “Each of these screenplays has undergone a different fate. Doctorow's script for Daniel was made into a feature film by director Sidney Lumet in 1983. The monumental Ragtime screenplay he wrote for director Robert Altman was to have been filmed as either a six-hour feature film or a ten-hour television series. When Altman was replaced on the project by Milos Forman, a shorter, more conventional script was commissioned from another writer. In 1981, Doctorow adapted Loon Lake, but this challenging work has yet to be filmed.”}}

Doctorow was the recipient of numerous writing awards, including the National Book Critics Circle Award which he was awarded three different times (for Ragtime, Billy Bathgate, and The March). At the time of his death, President Barack Obama called him "one of America's greatest novelists".[https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-33618570 "US novelist EL Doctorow dies at 84"], BBC, July 22, 2015

Doctorow was a member of the Writers and Artists for Peace in the Middle East, a pro-Israel group. In 1984, he signed a letter protesting German arms sales to Saudi Arabia.{{Cite web |date=January 31, 1984 |title='We Are ... Deeply Pained' |url=http://pdfs.jta.org/1984/1984-01-31_020.pdf |website=Jewish Telegraphic Agency}}

Early life

Doctorow was born January 6, 1931,{{cite news|url= https://www.upi.com/Top_News/2019/01/06/UPI-Almanac-for-Sunday-Jan-6-2019/8591546568650/ |title= UPI Almanac for Sunday, Jan. 6, 2019|work=United Press International|date=January 6, 2019|access-date=September 10, 2019|archive-date=September 11, 2019 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20190911222236/https://www.upi.com/Top_News/2019/01/06/UPI-Almanac-for-Sunday-Jan-6-2019/8591546568650/|url-status=live|quote= author E.L. Doctorow in 1931}} in the Bronx, the son of Rose (Levine) and David Richard Doctorow, second-generation Americans of Russian Jewish extraction who named him after Edgar Allan Poe.Wutz, Michael. [http://www.newsweek.com/e-l-doctorow-i-remember-356170 "The E.L. Doctorow I Remember"], Newsweek, July 22, 2015 His father ran a small music shop.[https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1975374 Intersections: E.L. Doctorow on Rhythm and Writing], June 28, 2004. He attended city public grade schools and the Bronx High School of Science where, surrounded by mathematically gifted children, he fled to the office of the school literary magazine, Dynamo, which published his first literary effort. He then enrolled in a journalism class to increase his opportunities to write.[https://www.archives.gov/about/archivist/conversations/080925DoctorowTranscript.pdf American Conversation: E.L. Doctorow] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304125910/http://www.archives.gov/about/archivist/conversations/080925DoctorowTranscript.pdf |date=March 4, 2016 }}, September 25, 2008.

Doctorow attended Kenyon College in Ohio, where he studied with John Crowe Ransom, acted in college theater productions and majored in philosophy. While at Kenyon College, Doctorow joined the Middle Kenyon Association, and befriended Richard H. Collin.{{cite journal |url=http://www.kenyon.edu/middle-path/story/literary-giant/ |title=Literary giant |journal=Kenyon News |publisher=Kenyon College |date=22 July 2015 |location=Gambier, OH |access-date=4 November 2015 |archive-date=November 4, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151104080100/http://www.kenyon.edu/middle-path/story/literary-giant/ |url-status=dead }}{{cite journal |url=http://www.kenyon.edu/files/doc31.jpg |title=A group of Middle Kenyon (non-fraternal) residents in 1952. Included are Roger Hecht '55, Richard H. Collin '54, E.L. Doctorow '52, William T. Goldhurst '53, Martin Nemer '52, Harvey Robbin III '52, and Stanford B. Benjamin '53. |journal=Kenyon News |date=22 July 2015 |location=Gambier, OH |publisher=Kenyon College |access-date=4 November 2015}} After graduating with honors in 1952, he completed a year of graduate work in English drama at Columbia University before being drafted into the U.S. Army during the Korean War. In 1954 and 1955, he served as a corporal in the Signal Corps in West Germany.[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/el-doctorow-dead_55aeed2ce4b08f57d5d2ead6 "Beloved Historical Fiction Author E.L. Doctorow Dead At 84"], Huffington Post, July 21, 2015[https://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/e-l-doctorow-author-ragtime-dies-84/ "E.L. Doctorow, acclaimed author of historical fiction, dies at 84"], PBS, July 21, 2015

Back in New York after military service, Doctorow worked as a reader for a motion picture company. Reading so many Westerns inspired his first novel, Welcome to Hard Times. Begun as a parody of western fiction, it evolved into a reclamation of the genre.{{cite news|title=Interview: E.L. Doctorow discusses the art of writing and his new book of essays, Reporting the Universe |url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_action=doc&p_docid=0FAC6F1F19F119CD&p_docnum=1&s_dlid=DL0111020916133212968&s_ecproduct=SUB-FREE&s_ecprodtype=INSTANT&s_trackval=GooglePM&s_siteloc=&s_referrer=&s_subterm=Subscription%20until:%2012/14/2015%2011:59%20PM&s_docsbal=%20&s_subexpires=12/14/2015%2011:59%20PM&s_docstart=&s_docsleft=&s_docsread=&s_username=freeuser&s_accountid=AC0109083112065524669&s_upgradeable=no |work=Talk of the Nation|publisher=NPR|access-date=February 9, 2011}} It was published to positive reviews in 1960, with Wirt Williams of The New York Times describing it as "taut and dramatic, exciting and successfully symbolic."Williams, Wirt. [https://www.nytimes.com/1960/09/25/books/doctorow-hard.html "'Welcome to Hard Times'"], The New York Times, September 25, 1960

When asked how he decided to become a writer, he said, "I was a child who read everything I could get my hands on. Eventually, I asked of a story not only what was to happen next, but how is this done? How am I made to live from words on a page? And so I became a writer."[https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jul/22/author-el-doctorow-dies-in-new-york-aged-84 "EL Doctorow, author of Ragtime and Billy Bathgate, dies in New York aged 84"], The Guardian, U.K., July 22, 2015

Career

{{quote box|align=right|width=25em|bgcolor = Cornsilk|quote="When you'd read Edgar's manuscripts, it was done. That's just the kind of writer he was; he got everything right the first time. I can't think of any editorial problem we had. Even remotely. Nothing."|source=Jason Epstein, Doctorow's book editor[http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2015/07/el-doctorows-longtime-editor-no-one-could-possibly-say-a-bad-word-about-him "E.L. Doctorow’s Longtime Editor: 'No One Could Possibly Say a Bad Word About Him'"], Vanity Fair, July 22, 2015}}

To support his family, Doctorow spent nine years as a book editor, first at New American Library working with Ian Fleming and Ayn Rand among others; and from 1964, as editor-in-chief at Dial Press, publishing work by James Baldwin, Norman Mailer, Ernest J. Gaines, and William Kennedy, among others.{{cite news|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/07/21/e-l-doctorow-s-readers-were-guaranteed-a-good-time.html|title=E.L. Doctorow's Readers Were Guaranteed a Good Time|first=Malcolm|last=Jones|date=July 21, 2015|access-date=July 23, 2015|agency=The Daily Beast}} During this time he published his second novel Big As Life (1966), which Doctorow has, subsequently, not allowed to be republished.{{Cite web|url=https://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2014/03/12/big-as-life/|title=Big as Life: E.L. Doctorow's prescient, forgotten sci-fi novel|first=Luke|last=Epplin|work=Paris Review|date=March 12, 2014}}{{NoteTag|Though Doctorow believed that Big as Life was a failure, in an interview from 1991 Doctorow said he thought he could fix the novel and “make it work,” implying that he wouldn’t let it back in print until it was revised.}}

In 1969, Doctorow left publishing to pursue a writing career. He accepted a position as Visiting Writer at the University of California, Irvine, where he completed The Book of Daniel (1971),{{cite magazine|url=http://www.ew.com/article/2015/07/21/el-doctorow-author-dies-84|title=E.L. Doctorow, Ragtime author, dies at 84|magazine=Entertainment Weekly|first=Will|last=Robinson|date=July 21, 2015|access-date=July 23, 2015}} a freely fictionalized consideration of the trial and execution of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg for giving nuclear secrets to the Soviet Union during the Cold War. It was widely acclaimed, called a "masterpiece" by The Guardian, and said by The New York Times to launch the author into "the first rank of American writers" according to Christopher Lehmann-Haupt.[https://www.nytimes.com/1971/06/07/books/doctorow-daniel.html Review of 'The Book of Daniel'], The New York Times, June 7, 1971.

File:E l doctorow 2751.JPG

Doctorow's next book, written in his home in New Rochelle, New York, was Ragtime (1975), later named one of the 100 best novels of the 20th century by the Modern Library editorial board.[http://www.randomhouse.com/modernlibrary/100bestnovels.html "Modern Library: 100 Best Novels"]. Random House. Retrieved September 5, 2008. His subsequent work includes the award-winning novels World's Fair (1985), Billy Bathgate (1989), and The March (2005), as well as several volumes of essays and short fiction.

Novelist Jay Parini is impressed by Doctorow's skill at writing fictionalized history in a unique style, "a kind of detached but arresting presentation of history that mingled real characters with fictional ones in ways that became his signature manner".[http://www.cnn.com/2015/07/22/opinions/parini-doctorow-appreciation/ "E.L. Doctorow's gift"], CNN, July 22, 2015 In Ragtime, for example, he arranges the story to include Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung sharing a ride at Coney Island, or a setting with Henry Ford and J. P. Morgan.

Despite the immense research Doctorow needed to create stories based on real events and real characters, reviewer John Brooks notes that they were nevertheless "alive enough never to smell the research in old newspaper files that they must have required". Doctorow demonstrated in most of his novels "that the past is very much alive, but that it's not easily accessed," writes Parini. "We tell and retell stories, and these stories illuminate our daily lives. He showed us again and again that our past is our present, and that those not willing to grapple with 'what happened' will be condemned to repeat its worst errors."

Personal life and death

In 1954, Doctorow married fellow Columbia University student Helen Esther Setzer while serving in the U.S. Army in West Germany.Contemporary Jewish-American Novelists: A Bio-critical Sourcebook (1997) by Joel Shatzky and Michael Taub, pp. 54{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-0722-e-l-doctorow-20150722-story.html|title=E.L. Doctorow dies at 84; 'Ragtime' author turned history into myth|work=Los Angeles Times|date=July 21, 2015|access-date=July 22, 2015|first=Elaine|last=Woo}} The couple had three children.{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/11755991/E-L-Doctorow-author-obituary.html|title=E L Doctorow, author – obituary|work=The Telegraph|date=July 22, 2015|access-date=July 22, 2015}}

Doctorow also taught at Sarah Lawrence College, the Yale School of Drama, the University of Utah, the University of California, Irvine, and Princeton University. He was the Loretta and Lewis Glucksman Professor of English and American Letters at New York University. In 2001, he donated his papers to the Fales Library of New York University. In the opinion of the library's director, Marvin Taylor, Doctorow was "one of the most important American novelists of the 20th century".[http://www.nyu.edu/about/news-publications/news/2001/04/19/from_ragtime_to_our.html "From Ragtime to Our Time E.L. Doctorow Donates His Papers to NYU’S Fales Library"], New York University, April 19, 2001

Doctorow died of lung cancer on July 21, 2015, aged 84, in Manhattan.{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/22/books/el-doctorow-author-of-historical-fiction-dies-at-84.html|title=E.L. Doctorow, Author of Historical Fiction, Dies at 84|work=The New York Times|date=July 21, 2015 |access-date=July 21, 2015|last1=Weber|first1=Bruce}} He is interred in Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx.

Awards and honors

1975: National Book Critics Circle Award for Ragtime[http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/ragtime-wins-the-national-book-critics-circle-award Ragtime wins the National Book Critics Circle Award]. History Channel. Retrieved July 22, 2015.
1986: National Book Award for World's Fair[https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1986 "National Book Awards – 1986"]. NBF. Retrieved March 26, 2012.
1988: Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement{{cite web|title= Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement |website=www.achievement.org|publisher=American Academy of Achievement|url= https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/}}
1989: Edith Wharton Citation of Merit for Fiction{{cite web|url=https://www.albany.edu/writers-inst/awardees.html|title=New York State Author and State Poet Awards|website=Albany University}}
1989 MacDowell Colony Fellowship{{Cite web|url=https://www.macdowell.org/artists/e-doctorow|title=E.L. Doctorow - Artist|website=MacDowell}}
1990: National Book Critics Circle Award for Billy Bathgate{{cite news|title=E.L. Doctorow, Acclaimed Author of 'Ragtime' and 'Billy Bathgate,' Dies at 84|work=NBC News|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/pop-culture/books/e-l-doctorow-acclaimed-author-ragtime-billy-bathgate-dies-84-n396241|date=July 21, 2015|access-date=July 22, 2015|first=M. Alex|last=Johnson}}
1990: PEN/Faulkner Award for Billy Bathgate{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/04/07/arts/doctorow-s-bathgate-wins-faulkner-award.html|title=Doctorow's 'Bathgate' Wins Faulkner Award|work=The New York Times|date=April 7, 1990|access-date=July 22, 2015}}
1990: William Dean Howells Medal for Billy Bathgate[http://www.artsandletters.org/awards2_popup.php?abbrev=Howells The William Dean Howells Medal] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150314031720/http://www.artsandletters.org/awards2_popup.php?abbrev=Howells |date=March 14, 2015 }}. American Academy of Arts and Letters. Retrieved July 22, 2015.
1998: National Humanities Medal from the National Endowment for the Humanities{{cite web|publisher=National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH)|title=Winners of the National Humanities Medal and the Charles Frankel Prize|url=http://www.neh.gov/whoweare/nationalmedals.html|access-date=September 5, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721054114/http://www.neh.gov/whoweare/nationalmedals.html|archive-date=July 21, 2011|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}[http://www.neh.gov/whoweare/medalsnominate.html "National Humanities Medal: Nominations"], NEH.gov. Retrieved March 26, 2012.
1998: Peggy V. Helmerich Distinguished Author Award from the Tulsa Library Trust[http://helmerichaward.org/winners/1998_e-l-doctorow.php E.L. Doctorow]. Tulsa Library Trust's Peggy V. Helmerich Distinguished Author Award. Retrieved July 22, 2015.
1999 awarded the F. Scott Fitzgerald Award for Achievement in American Literature award, which is given annually to recognize outstanding achievement in American literature. As part of the [http://fscottfestival.org/ F. Scott Fitzgerald Literary Festival], the day-long festival takes place in Rockville, Maryland, the city where Fitzgerald, his wife, and his daughter are buried.
2002: First recipient of the [https://www.kenyonreview.org/programs/kenyon-review-award-for-literary-achievement/e-l-doctorow/ Kenyon Review Award for Literary Achievement]{{cite web|title=Kenyon Review for Literary Achievement|url=http://www.kenyonreview.org/programs/kenyon-review-award-for-literary-achievement/|website=Kenyon Review}}
2005: National Book Critics Circle Award for The March{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/el-doctorow-dead_55aeed2ce4b08f57d5d2ead6|title=Beloved Historical Fiction Author E.L. Doctorow Dead At 84|work=The Huffington Post|date=July 21, 2015|access-date=July 21, 2015}}
2006: PEN/Faulkner Award for The March{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/20/AR2006022001593.html|newspaper=The Washington Post|title=Doctorow's 'The March' Wins Top Honor|date=February 21, 2006|access-date=July 22, 2015|first=Bob|last=Thompson}}
2007: Membership to the American Philosophical Society{{Cite web|title=APS Member History|url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=E.+L.+Doctorow&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced|access-date=2021-05-14|website=search.amphilsoc.org}}
2008: St. Louis Literary Award from the Saint Louis University Library Associates{{cite web|url=http://www.slu.edu/libraries/associates/award.html|title=Saint Louis Literary Award|publisher=Saint Louis University|website=SLU.edu|access-date=July 25, 2016|archive-date=August 23, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160823003924/http://www.slu.edu/libraries/associates/award.html|url-status=dead}}{{cite web |url=http://lib.slu.edu/about/associates/literary-award/doctorow |title=Noted Novelist E.L. Doctorow to be Honored as 41st Annual Saint Louis Literary Award Recipient |author=Saint Louis University Library Associates |access-date=July 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920032000/http://lib.slu.edu/about/associates/literary-award/doctorow |archive-date=September 20, 2016 |url-status=dead }}
2012: Inducted into the New York State Writers Hall of Fame{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jul/22/el-doctorow|title=EL Doctorow obituary|work=The Guardian|date=July 22, 2015|access-date=July 22, 2015|first=Eric|last=Homberger}}
2012: PEN/Saul Bellow Award for Achievement in American Fiction[http://www.pen.org/literature/2012-pensaul-bellow-award-achievement-american-fiction 2012 PEN/Saul Bellow Award for Achievement in American Fiction]. PEN American Center. Retrieved July 22, 2015.
2013: Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters from the National Book Foundation[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-25038339 James McBride wins US National Book Award], BBC News, November 21, 2013
2013: American Academy of Arts and Letters Gold Medal for Fiction[http://www.artsandletters.org/awards2_popup.php?abbrev=Gold Gold Medal] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013232041/http://www.artsandletters.org/awards2_popup.php?abbrev=Gold |date=October 13, 2008 }}. American Academy of Arts and Letters. Retrieved July 22, 2015.
2014: Library of Congress Prize for American FictionAlison Flood. [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/apr/17/el-doctorow-library-of-congress-prize-american-fiction?CMP=twt_fd "E.L. Doctorow wins Library of Congress prize for American fiction"], The Guardian, April 17, 2014. Retrieved December 19, 2014.

Works

=Novels=

1960: Welcome to Hard Times – adapted as the 1967 film Welcome to Hard Times
1966: Big As Life
1971: The Book of Daniel – historical fiction about Julius and Ethel Rosenberg – adapted as the 1983 film Daniel
1975: Ragtime – adapted as the 1981 film Ragtime and the 1998 Broadway musical Ragtime
1980: Loon Lake
1985: World's Fair{{cite web|url=https://journals.ku.edu/index.php/amerstud/article/viewFile/2872/2831|title=Cultural Hegemony Goes to the Fair: The Case of E.L. Doctorow's World's Fair|first=Michael|last=Robertson|publisher=University of Kansas|year=1992|access-date=July 22, 2015}}
1989: Billy Bathgate – adapted as the 1991 film Billy Bathgate
1994: The Waterworks
2000: City of God{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/00/03/05/reviews/000305.05scottt.html|title=A Thinking Man's Miracle|date=March 5, 2000|access-date=July 22, 2015|work=The New York Times|first=A. O.|last=Scott}}
2005: The March
2009: Homer & Langley
2014: Andrew's Brain{{cite news|url=http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/03/28/a-new-doctorow-novel|work=The New York Times|first=Leslie|last=Kaufman|title=A New Doctorow Novel|date=March 28, 2013}}

=Short story collections=

1984: Lives of the Poets: Six Stories and a Novella{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/11/06/books/doctorow-poets.html|title=Lives of the Poets|first=Christopher|last=Lehmann-Haupt|date=November 6, 1984|access-date=July 22, 2015|work=The New York Times}}
2004: Sweet Land Stories – The New York Times Notable Book
2011: All the Time in the World: New And Selected Stories
2015: Cuentos Completos (Complete Short Stories) – with a "preface" by Eduardo Lago. (Spanish)

=Nonfiction=

1993: Jack London, Hemingway and the Constitution: Selected Essays, 1977–1992 (published in the UK as Poets and Presidents)[https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/04/books/doctorow-jack.html "'Jack London, Hemingway and the Constitution'"], The New York Times, November 4, 1993
2004: Reporting the Universe. Harvard University Press - text of The William E. Massey Sr. Lecture in American Studies that Doctorow delivered in 2003
2006: Creationists: Selected Essays, 1993–2006{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/24/books/review/Powers.t.html|title=Text Messages|date=September 24, 2006|access-date=July 22, 2015|work=The New York Times|first=Ron|last=Powers}}
2015: Citizen Doctorow: Notes on Art & Politics (The Nation Essays 1978–2015) — appeared posthumously

=Other=

1978: Drinks Before Dinner: A Play{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/00/03/05/specials/doctorow-drinks.html|title=Stage: Doctorow's 'Drinks Before Dinner'|first=Richard|last=Eder|work=The New York Times|date=November 24, 1978|access-date=July 22, 2015}}
1982: American Anthem (photographic essay)Conversations with E.L. Doctorow (1999) by E.L. Doctorow and Christopher D. Morris, chronology
2003: Three Screenplays (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press) {{ISBN|9780801872013}}
2004: How Then Can He Mourn?, essay criticizing George W. Bush for his pre-emptive war on Iraq.{{cite web|url=https://www.wagingpeace.org/2610/|title=How Then Can He Mourn?|first=E.L.|last=Doctorow|date=September 9, 2004}}
2008: [http://www.newyorker.com/fiction/features/2008/01/14/080114fi_fiction_doctorow?printable=true "Wakefield"] ([https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2008/01/14/wakefield Archived]) (short story), The New Yorker, January 14, 2008
2012: [https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/29/opinion/sunday/unexceptionalism-a-primer.html "Unexceptionalism: A Primer"] (op-ed), The New York Times, April 28, 2012

= Short fiction =

Title	Publication	Collected in
class="wikitable" \|+
"Liner Notes: The Songs of Billy Bathgate"	New American Review 2 (1968)	All the Time in the World
"The Foreign Legation"	Vanity Fair (April 1984)	rowspan=7\| Lives of the Poets
"Willi"	The Atlantic (May 1984)
"The Leather Man"	The Paris Review 92 (Summer 1984)
"The Writer in the Family"	Esquire (August 1984)
"The Hunter"	rowspan=3\| Lives of the Poets (November 1984)
"The Water Works"
"Lives of the Poets"
"Heist"	The New Yorker (April 21, 1997)	All the Time in the World
"A House on the Plains"	The New Yorker (June 18, 2001)	rowspan=5\| Sweet Land Stories
"Baby Wilson"	The New Yorker (March 25, 2002)
"Jolene: A Life"	The New Yorker (December 23, 2002)
"Walter John Harmon"	The New Yorker (May 12, 2003)
"Child, Dead, in the Rose Garden"	Virginia Quarterly Review (Spring 2004)
"Wakefield"	The New Yorker (January 14, 2008)	rowspan=4\| All the Time in the World
"All the Time in the World"	The Kenyon Review (Winter 2009)
"Edgemont Drive"	The New Yorker (April 26, 2010)
"Assimilation"	The New Yorker (November 22, 2010)
"The Drummer Boy on Independence Day"	The New Yorker (July 8-15, 2024)	-

Notes

References

External links

{{Official website}} ({{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161015125042/http://eldoctorow.com/index.html |date=October 15, 2016}})
{{IMDb name|0230039}}
{{C-SPAN|824}}
{{cite web |url= http://dlib.nyu.edu/findingaids/html/fales/doctorow_restricted.html |title= Guide to the E.L. Doctorow Papers |publisher= NYU |location= Fales Library and Special Collections |date=1931–2002 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091120050044/http://dlib.nyu.edu/findingaids/html/fales/doctorow_restricted.html |archive-date= November 20, 2009 |df= mdy-all }}
{{cite journal |url=http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/2718/the-art-of-fiction-no-94-e-l-doctorow |title= E.L. Doctorow, The Art of Fiction |volume= 94 |journal= The Paris Review |date= Winter 1986 |first= George |last= Plimpton |author-link= George Plimpton}}
{{cite web |url= http://www.gothamgazette.com/books/Doctorowtranscript.php |title= Billy Bathgate Discussion with EL Doctorow |date= November 30, 2004 |publisher= Gotham Gazette |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20051216173723/http://www.gothamgazette.com/books/Doctorowtranscript.php |archive-date= December 16, 2005 |df= mdy-all }}

=Book reviews=

{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/12/books/review/andrews-brain-by-e-l-doctorow.html |title= Andrew's Brain |first= Terrence |last= Rafferty |newspaper= NY Times |date= Jan 12, 2014 }}
{{cite news |url= https://www.chicagotribune.com/2014/01/17/review-andrews-brain-by-el-doctorow/ |title= Andrew's Brain |first= Eric Allen |last= Been |newspaper= Chicago Tribune |date= Jan 17, 2014 }}
{{cite web |url= http://www.nyjournalofbooks.com/book-review/andrews-brain-e-l-doctorow |title= Andrew's Brain |first= David |last= Cooper |publisher=NY Journal of Books |access-date= Jul 21, 2015 }}
{{citation |url= https://www.npr.org/2014/01/17/262485578/you-might-need-to-be-a-scientist-to-understand-andrews-brain |title= You might need to be a scientist to understand Andrew's Brain |first= Heller |last= McAlpin |publisher= NPR |work= Books |date= Jan 17, 2014 }}
KCRW Bookworm Interviews, audio, with Michael Silverblatt:
[http://www.kcrw.com/news-culture/shows/bookworm/e-l-doctorow-3/ Oct 1994], [http://www.kcrw.com/news-culture/shows/bookworm/e-l-doctorow-4/ Jul 1997], [http://www.kcrw.com/news-culture/shows/bookworm/e-l-doctorow/ May 2000], [http://www.kcrw.com/news-culture/shows/bookworm/e-l-doctorow-1/ Jul 2004], [http://www.kcrw.com/news-culture/shows/bookworm/e-l-doctorow-2/ Aug 2009]