:Gaddafi loyalism

File:Flag of Libya (1977-2011).svg, used as a symbol by loyalists]]

The ideology of Gaddafi Loyalism follows the ideology of Muammar Gaddafi and Third International Theory. Third International Theory is a Left-Wing political movement which has elements of Arab nationalism, Nasserism,{{Cite book |last=Campbell |first=Horace |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jwNXEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA27 |title=NATO's Failure in Libya: Lessons for Africa |date=2013-08-15 |publisher=African Books Collective |isbn=978-0-7983-0370-5 |pages=27 |language=en}} Anti-imperialism, socialism, Pan-Arabism,{{Cite book |last=Studies |first=American University (Washington, D. C. ) Foreign Area |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bjnb8_ETg6cC&pg=PA205 |title=Libya, a Country Study |date=1979 |publisher=Department of Defense], Department of the Army |pages=203–205 |language=en}} and principles of direct democracy.

Following Gaddafi's fall, several states, such as Venezuela, refused to accept the National Transitional Council as the legitimate government, opting to continue recognising the former Gaddafi government. In Libya, loyalists either fled to foreign countries or went into hiding to avoid prosecutions. Shortly before his capture, Gaddafi's son Saif al-Islam appeared on Syrian pro-Gaddafi television on 22 October in an attempt to rally remaining loyalists claiming "I am in Libya, I am alive and free and willing to fight to the end and take revenge."{{cite web|url=http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/313227 |title=Libya's NTC claim Saif al-Islam Gaddafi captured alive, uninjured |publisher=Digitaljournal.com |accessdate=20 November 2011}}

Several days of fighting between fighters from Zawiya and fighters from Warshefana erupted in early November after the fighters from Warshefana set up a checkpoint on a highway near Zawiya and began challenging fighters from the city. Other reports stated that the groups were fighting over the Imaya military base, with Zawiya fighters claiming to be fighting Gaddafi loyalists. Zawiya field commander Walid bin Kora claimed that the Warshefana, riding in vehicles with "Brigade of the Martyr Muhammad Gaddafi" written on them and flying Gaddafi's green flag, had attacked his men. He also claimed that his men captured pro-Gaddafi "mercenaries" from sub-Saharan Africa.{{cite news|last=Holmes |first=Oliver |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-libya-clashes-idUSTRE7AB0HU20111112 |title=Fighters clash again near Tripoli, several dead |publisher=Reuters |date= 12 November 2011|accessdate=2 January 2014}} NTC figures, however, denied that they were Gaddafi loyalists, blaming the clashes instead on a misunderstanding. The fighting resulted in between 7 and 14 dead. The National Transitional Council claimed to have resolved the issue over the weekend of the 12 and 13 November following a meeting with elders from Zawiya and Warshefana.{{cite news |date=14 November 2011 |title=Libyan factions in deadly clashes near Zawiya |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15726099 |newspaper=BBC News }}{{cite news |date=13 November 2011 |title=Deadly factional clashes erupt in Libya |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2011/11/2011111341559598501.html |newspaper=Al Jazeera }}

On 19 November, Saif al-Islam and four loyalist fighters were captured west of the town of Ubari near Sabha in southern Libya.{{cite web|url=http://www.indiavision.com/news/article/international/243165/gaddafis-son-hires-mercenaries-to-flee/|title=Gaddafi's son hires mercenaries to flee|date=31 October 2011|work=Indiavision News|access-date=27 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111102145229/http://www.indiavision.com/news/article/international/243165/gaddafis-son-hires-mercenaries-to-flee|archive-date=2 November 2011|url-status=dead}} A nomad who had been hired to guide them in their planned escape to Niger secretly told government forces where Saif al-Islam and his two-vehicle convoy would be passing through. Acting on this information, the Zintan brigade blocked off the area and arrested them on sight. Saif al-Islam was taken to Zintan by plane and, pending trial, he is kept in detention by the Zintan militia.{{cite news| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/libya/8902994/Libya-conflict-brewing-over-trial-of-Saif-al-Islam-Gaddafi.html | location=London | work=The Daily Telegraph | first=Richard | last=Spencer | title=Libya: conflict brewing over trial of Saif al-Islam Gaddafi | date=20 November 2011}}

On 23 November, clashes erupted as a National Transitional Council militia tried to apprehend a suspected loyalist in Bani Walid, which was one of the last pro-Gaddafi strongholds in the civil war. At least seven people were reported killed, five of them NTC militia.{{cite web|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/11/23/178863.html |title=Fresh clashes in Libya's Bani Walid; U.N. says 7,000 held in militia prisons

|date=23 November 2011

|publisher=Alarabiya.net |accessdate=20 May 2015}}

In January 2012, residents of Sirte, Gaddafi's hometown, attacked a military camp associated with the NTC on the outskirts of the city.

On 1 April, between 21 and 34 Zuwara militiamen were detained by members of a neighbouring town's militia. Fighters from Ragdalein stated that they captured the men after months of abuses by a Zuwara brigade, including the looting of property. For their part, the Zuwara local council head accused Ragdalein of being a hub of Gaddafi loyalists.{{cite news|last=Al |first=Rami |url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2017890745_apmllibya.html |title=Militias: Clashes near Libya's Tunisia border |publisher=Seattle Times |date=2 April 2012 |accessdate=6 August 2012}} A third version of the events came from the government Interior Ministry which stated that the trouble started when a Zuwara hunting party close to nearby al-Jumail shot and killed a person from that town by mistake.{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/libya-clashes-idUSL6E8F10ST20120401 |title=Libyan PM visits scene of tribal clashes in desert |publisher=Reuters|date= 1 April 2012|accessdate=6 August 2012 |first=Marie-Louise |last=Gumuchian}} The hunters were then arrested but released later. Another Zuwara council head claimed that the men were tortured before being released and stated that Zuwara came under mortar and anti-aircraft fire by militias from both Ragdalein and al-Jumail.{{cite news|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE83109H20120402 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404202051/http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE83109H20120402 |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 April 2012 |title=Rival militias exchange fire in western Libya |publisher=Reuters |date=2 April 2012 |accessdate=6 August 2012}}

On 3 April, reports emerged that the fighting in the Zuwara area was still continuing with at least one Zuwara militiaman killed and five wounded. The losses for militia from Ragdalein and al-Jumail were not known. Clashes were reported at the entrance to Ragdalein while groups in al-Jumail were shelling Zuwara.{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-libya-zuwara-idUSBRE8320H220120403 |title=Government fails to halt western Libya militia clash |publisher=Reuters |date= 3 April 2012|accessdate=6 August 2012}} At least 14 were killed and 80 injured.{{cite news|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/libyaNews/idAFL6E8F382U20120403 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203041647/http://af.reuters.com/article/libyaNews/idAFL6E8F382U20120403 |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 February 2016 |title=Militia clash in west Libya kills 14 people |publisher=Reuters |date=3 April 2012 |accessdate=6 August 2012}}

On 4 April, the fighting escalated with the use of tanks and artillery. The reported number of dead was said to had risen to 26, eight from Zuwarah and 18 from the outlying towns, and another 142 Zuwarans were wounded.{{cite web|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/04/04/205432.html |title=Fresh clashes erupt in western Libya between former rebels, killing 26 |publisher=Al Arabiya |date=4 April 2012 |accessdate=6 August 2012}}{{cite news |url=http://m.apnews.com/ap/db_15716/contentdetail.htm?contentguid=6NzaSgJe |title=Clashes in rival towns kill 22 in western Libya |work=Associated Press |accessdate=6 August 2012 |archive-date=3 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203001519/http://m.apnews.com/ap/db_15716/contentdetail.htm?contentguid=6NzaSgJe |url-status=dead }} Unconfirmed reports rose up the death toll to 48 killed in the clashes.[http://unsmil.unmissions.org/Portals/unsmil/Documents/Briefing10May2012.pdf The situation in Libya] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202233801/http://unsmil.unmissions.org/Portals/unsmil/Documents/Briefing10May2012.pdf |date=2 December 2013 }} UN Security Council, 6768th meeting, 10 May 2012. BBC News aired a report on the story, confirming a number dead. The report also aired an interview with a wounded man from Zarawa, claiming to have been attacked by what he called "Gaddafi loyalists".{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-17606457 |title=BBC News - At least 14 killed in Libya clashes around Zuwara |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date=4 April 2012 |accessdate=2 January 2014}} There is no confirmation as to whether or not the clashes had anything to do with the guerrillas.

On 6 April, French leading newspaper Le Figaro reported that a dozen people were killed near the border town of Ghat on 1 and 2 April in fighting between former pro-Gaddafi Tuaregs and the Zintan tribe.{{cite web|language=fr|url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/international/2012/04/05/01003-20120405ARTFIG00976-en-libye-aussi-les-touaregs-se-battent-pour-leur-territoire.php |title=En Libye aussi, les Touaregs se battent pour leur territoire |date=5 April 2012 |publisher=Lefigaro.fr |accessdate=6 August 2012}}

The town of Ghat, in the deserts of southwest Libya, was a stronghold of Gaddafi during his reign. It was the last town in Libya to recognise the new government. Since the fall of Gaddafi, it has been suspected of continuing to be a base of loyalist sentiment. No area in Libya has had as many officials disbarred due to links to the Gaddafi government. The present government has banned its two council members, the local council leader, the secretary to the council, its financial controller, the head of security services, and the heads of the sanitation department and the border guards.{{cite web|url=http://www.libyaherald.com/2013/02/10/ghat-a-former-qaddafi-stronghold-struggles-to-keep-up-with-libyan-revolution/#axzz2lgC1eXQW |title=Ghat: a former Qaddafi stronghold struggles to keep up with Libyan revolution |date=10 February 2013 |publisher=Libya Herald |accessdate=2 January 2014}}

Tribal clashes in Zintan broke out on 17 June, after a Zintan man was killed after stopping at a checkpoint while attempting to transport tanks from a weapons depot in Mizda to Zintan.{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18474834 | work=BBC News | title=Troops sent to quell clashes in western Libya | date=17 June 2012}} While the Zintanis had played a prominent role fighting in favour of the NTC during the civil war, the neighbouring Mashashya tribe had chosen to side with the Gaddafi government during the civil war.{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/06/20126176734750314.html|title=Troops sent to quell clashes in western Libya|accessdate=6 April 2015}}

The Mashashya tribe chose to side with the Gaddafi government, whilst fighters from Zintan played a prominent role, fighting in favour of the NTC. This, combined with a dispute over land and bitterness over prisoners of war from Mashashya, led to the fighting. It is unclear if Green Resistance had a role in instigating the violence.

As a result of the fierce fighting between the different tribes, government troops were deployed to the area on 17 June. The area was subsequently declared a military zone. The deployment of soldiers and imposition of a government enforced ceasefire{{cite web|url=http://www.tripolipost.com/articledetail.asp?c=1&i=8587|title=Libyan Government Sends Troops to Quell Fighting in West of Country|accessdate=5 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131120025111/http://www.tripolipost.com/articledetail.asp?c=1&i=8587|archive-date=20 November 2013|url-status=dead}} managed to prevent further clashes, with government spokesman Nasser al-Manaa declaring that fighting had ended on 18 June.{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18529139 | work=BBC News | title=Libya's tribal clashes leave 105 dead | date=20 June 2012}}

In August 2012, claims surfaced of loyalist remnants attempting to smuggle weapons into Libya in an effort to destabilise the government. A member of the group in Tripoli's Abu Salim neighbourhood, a former pro-Gaddafi stronghold, claimed in an August 2012 interview that loyalist militia were rebuilding their strength and waiting for the right moment to move against the new government. Saadi Gaddafi was claimed to support the group whilst under house arrest in Niger.{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20140125111343/http://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=127512 Gaddafi's son leading former regime's revival]}} World Bulletin. 24 January 2014 He warned in early 2012 that he was in contact with sleeper cells who were organising underground resistance. In addition to his son Saadi, Muammar Gaddafi's nephew Ahmad Gaddaf al-Damm, living in hiding in Egypt, was also accused of supporting violent pro-Gaddafi activity. Col. Khamid Bilhayr of the Libyan National Army claimed that other loyalist figures outside the country were sending large quantities of money and support to loyalist groups inside Libya.

Others claim that despite the group's rhetoric, its operations were limited to bombings and minor instances of sabotage. They were believed to have been behind a bombing outside the headquarters of the Military Police on 10 August. On 19 August, two people were killed and up to five were injured when a car bomb went off at dawn near the former military academy for women. Another car bomb exploded at the same time near the interior ministry, but no one was harmed. The bombings occurred on the eve of the anniversary of the Battle of Tripoli. Tripoli's head of security, Col. Mahmoud Sherif, blamed Gaddafi loyalists for the attack, and the following day Libyan authorities announced they had arrested 32 members of a pro-Gaddafi network in connection with the bombings.{{cite news |date=20 August 2012 |title=Libya holds 32 'Gaddafi loyalists' over Tripoli attack |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-19314714 |newspaper=BBC News |accessdate=14 November 2013 }}

On the same day as the arrests, a bomb was placed under the car of an Egyptian diplomat. The bomb exploded, but nobody was injured. The incident was also blamed by the government on Gaddafi loyalists.{{cite news |last=Sotloff |first=Steven |date=24 August 2012 |title=The Bomb Attacks in Libya: Are Gaddafi Loyalists Behind Them? |url=https://world.time.com/2012/08/24/the-bomb-attacks-in-libya-are-gaddafi-loyalists-behind-them/ |newspaper=Time |location=Tripoli |access-date=14 November 2013 }}

On 23 August, Interior ministry spokesman Abdelmonem al-Hur claimed that more than a hundred tanks and twenty-six rocket launchers were seized from an alleged pro-Gaddafi militia (named Katibat Al-Awfiyah, or Brigade of the Faithful), during a government raid on their campsite in Tarhuna. The operation ended with one of the fighters killed, eight wounded and thirteen detained—including the commander—and accused of being linked with 19 August Tripoli bombings. Three fighters managed to escape.{{cite news|title=At least 12 killed in tribal clash in Libya|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/48772032/ns/world_news-africa/t/least-killed-tribal-clash-libya/#.UE81B3kZRO0|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130104020234/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/48772032/ns/world_news-africa/t/least-killed-tribal-clash-libya/%23.UE81B3kZRO0|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 January 2013|work=NBC|agency=Reuters|date=23 August 2012|accessdate=11 September 2012}}{{cite news|title=Libya seizes tanks from pro-Gaddafi militia|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-19364536|publisher=BBC|date=24 August 2012|accessdate=10 September 2012}}{{cite news|title=Tanks seized from pro-Gaddafi militia|url=http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/breaking-news/tanks-seized-from-pro-gaddafi-militia/story-e6freoo6-1226457112174|publisher=Courier Mail|date=24 August 2012|accessdate=11 September 2012}}

Omran Shaban, the man held most responsible for the extrajudicial killing of Gaddafi, was abducted by suspected Gaddafi loyalists in Bani Walid in July. He was imprisoned and tortured for two months before being released in September due to government pressure on Bani Walid. He was sent to France for medical treatment, but died of his wounds the same month.{{cite news|last=Shuaib |first=Ali |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-libya-tensions-baniwalid-idUSBRE89715B20121008 |title=Libya's Bani Walid is shelled in standoff over rebel's death |publisher=Reuters |date= 8 October 2012|accessdate=25 January 2013}} The rebels responsible have eluded capture or death.

{{main|Siege of Bani Walid (2012)}}

On 9 September, local militia in Bani Walid drove government forces from the town. Initial reports claimed that a supposed Gaddafi loyalist group called "Brigade 93" was responsible for the takeover,{{cite news|author=Rami Al-Shaheibi And Maggie Michael |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/01/24/libya-gaddafi-bani-walid_n_1226960.html |title=Libya: Gaddafi Loyalists Seize Bani Walid |publisher=Huffingtonpost.com |date= 24 January 2012|accessdate=2 January 2014}}{{cite news |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-16690010 |title= Libya fighting: Four die in Gaddafi loyalists clash |work=BBC News |date=23 January 2012 |accessdate=23 January 2012}} although the Bani Walid town elders later denied this, and proclaimed support for the removal of Gaddafi. The elders stated that the accusations of pro-Gaddafi sympathies were orchestrated by the media, and that the town instead was fighting for the removal of the NTC military administration of the town and its replacement by a local council.{{cite news|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/libyaNews/idAFL5E8CO1LY20120124?sp=true |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141110115710/http://af.reuters.com/article/libyaNews/idAFL5E8CO1LY20120124?sp=true |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 November 2014 |title=Former Gaddafi stronghold revolts against Tripoli|work=Reuters |date=24 January 2012 |accessdate=27 January 2012}}

On 21 September, government forces were ambushed by Gaddafi loyalists in the city of Brak in south west Libya. Nine soldiers were killed in the attack, with no information of casualties from the attackers.{{cite news|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/09/22/239444.html|title=Nine Libyan forces killed in clashes with Qaddafi loyalists|work=Al Arabiya|date=22 September 2012|accessdate=28 September 2012}}

On 18 January, the Libyan air force attacked targets in the south of Libya because of unrest blamed on forces loyal to slain leader Muammar Gaddafi.{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}} The government also declared a state of emergency after Gaddafi loyalists took over the Tamahind air force base near the southern city of Sabha.{{citation needed|date=July 2021}} On 22 January Voice of Russia featured a report with Libyans who claimed that much of the southern half of the country as well as Bani Walid had fallen under the control of the "Green" Gaddafi loyalists, and that some foreign Libyan embassies were flying the Gaddafi-era green flag in support. The interviewed Libyans claimed to be fighting against a Western-backed "puppet government" with ties to Al-Qaeda, and charged that Qatar was paying Sudanese pilots to bomb their positions.{{citation needed|date=May 2023}} On the other hand, the more government-friendly Libya Herald newspaper reported that a large contingent of Gaddafi-friendly fighters were scattered near Ajilat as they tried to aid other Gaddafi-loyalists in Sabha, with five of them killed. The report claimed that if the events were part of a coordinated movement, "it does not appear to be well organised, let alone have any significant or measurable support."Wahab, Ashraf Abdul. [http://www.libyaherald.com/2014/01/22/qaddafi-supporters-heading-to-ajilat-killed-in-sabratha-report/ Qaddafi supporters heading to Ajilat killed in Sabratha: report]. Libya Herald. 22 January 2014.

On 22 January, the Libyan General National Congress passed Decree 5/2014, Concerning the Cessation and Ban on the Broadcasting of Certain Satellite Channels, aimed at censoring pro-Gaddafi satellite television stations such as al-Khadra (The Green Channel) and al-Nedaa (the Libyan Popular National Movement's channel). Reporters Without Borders subsequently issued a statement calling for the withdrawal of the decree.Reporters Without Borders. [http://allafrica.com/stories/201401310769.html?viewall=1 Libya: Freedom of Information in Jeopardy in Post-Gaddafi Libya]. AllAfrica. 30 January 2014.

On 24 January, nine soldiers were killed and 27 injured near Tripoli in clashes with Gaddafi loyalists.[http://www.afriquejet.com/news/730-army-9-soldiers-killed-in-clashes-with-gunmen.html Army: 9 soldiers killed in clashes with gunmen] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140130052152/http://www.afriquejet.com/news/730-army-9-soldiers-killed-in-clashes-with-gunmen.html |date=30 January 2014 }}. Afrique en Ligne. 24 January 2014.

On 4 August, dozens of Gaddafi loyalists staged a rare public demonstration in Benghazi (the only pro-Gaddafi gathering in the city as of yet), chanting pro-Gaddafi slogans and waving the flag of the Jamahiriya, in response to Saif al-Islam Gaddafi's death sentence. The protest was later dispersed after anti-Gaddafi militia opened fire and threw rocks, although no one was reported injured.{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-libya-security-idUSKCN0Q91WT20150804|title=Gaddafi loyalists stage rare protest in eastern Libya|date=4 August 2017|accessdate=5 March 2017|newspaper=Reuters}} Continuous fighting was also alleged to have erupted between pockets of pro-Gaddafi militants and ISIL forces in Gaddafi's former hometown of Sirte.{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/IS-Fight-With-Gaddafi-Group-Delays-Release-of-2-Remaining-Indians/2015/08/05/article2958110.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150806023131/http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/IS-Fight-With-Gaddafi-Group-Delays-Release-of-2-Remaining-Indians/2015/08/05/article2958110.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 August 2015|title=IS Fight With Gaddafi Group Delays Release of 2 Remaining Indians|accessdate=5 March 2017}} Furthermore, protests were reported across the Libyan south, in particular the city of Sabha, where at least four protestors were reported dead after opponents opened fire.{{cite web|url=http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/death-sentence-verdicts-spark-pro-qaddafi-protests-803699087|title=Death sentences spark pro-Gaddafi protests|accessdate=5 March 2017}} Protests were also reported in Tobruk, triggering a large counter-demonstration from those in favour of the 2011 revolution.{{cite web|url=http://www.libyaobserver.ly/news/gaddafi-loyalists-march-tobruk|title=Gaddafi loyalists march in Tobruk - The Libya Observer|accessdate=5 March 2017}} Another protest happened on 7 August in Bani Walid, a city that was a stronghold of pro-Gaddafi loyalists.{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=40&v=jo4k_p6wflg|title=بني وليد اليوم Libya ~ Bani Walid 07 August, 2015|last=Tarache Cabarte|date=7 August 2015|accessdate=5 March 2017|via=YouTube}}

On 5 May, Gaddafi loyalists along with soldiers loyal to Khalifa Haftar captured the town of Zella after an intense battle with Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in Libya fighters near Sirte.{{cite web|url=https://mobile.almasdarnews.com/article/gaddafi-loyalists-capture-town-near-isils-stronghold/|title=Gaddafi loyalists capture town near ISIL's stronghold|date=5 May 2016|access-date=5 October 2016|archive-date=5 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005203109/https://mobile.almasdarnews.com/article/gaddafi-loyalists-capture-town-near-isils-stronghold/|url-status=dead}}

Some loyalists joined the Battle of Sirte on the side of the GNA.{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/07/gaddafi-loyalists-join-west-in-battle-to-push-islamic-state-from/|title=Gaddafi loyalists join West in battle to push Islamic State from Libya|newspaper=The Telegraph |date=7 May 2016|last1=Freeman |first1=Colin }}

On 23 December, a Gaddafi loyalist hijacked a plane which was flying from Sabha to Tripoli and was diverted to Malta.

Saif al-Islam Gaddafi, the son of Muammar Gaddafi, announced on 22 March 2018 that he will run for president of Libya, in the 2019 Libyan General Election.{{Cite web|url=http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/saif-al-islam-gaddafi-run-libya-president|title=Saif al-Islam Gaddafi to run for Libya president|website=Middle East Eye}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/03/20/gaddafis-son-saif-run-libyan-president-2018-elections/|title=Gaddafi's son Saif 'to run for Libyan president' in 2018 elections|first=Rob|last=Crilly|newspaper=The Telegraph |date=20 March 2018|via=www.telegraph.co.uk}}

On May 20, a delegation of Gaddafi exiled supporters comprising three former high-ranking military officials, three activists and a university professor that have being invited to a reconciliation meeting in Tripoli were detained on charges of planning violent acts to destabilize the capital.{{cite news|title=Gadhafi supporters arrested during peace talks in Tripoli|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2018/05/libya-former-regime-supporters-exile-arrest-reconciliation.html|publisher=Al Monitor|author=Mustafa Fetouri|date=25 May 2018|accessdate=4 September 2020}}

On September 1, shy celebrations marking the 49th anniversary of Al Fateh Revolution spread over several cities including Sabha, Sirte, Benghazi and Tripoli suburbs.{{cite news|title=Libyan 'Al-Fateh' Revolution's Shy Celebrations Drowned in Tripoli Mass Violence|url=https://english.aawsat.com//home/article/1380891/libyan-%e2%80%98al-fateh%e2%80%99-revolution%e2%80%99s-shy-celebrations-drowned-tripoli-mass-violence|publisher=Asharq Al-Awsat|date=2 September 2018|accessdate=4 September 2020}}

On September 2, hundreds of prisoners, including Gaddafi supporters, escaped from Ain Zara prison in the southern suburbs of Tripoli, in a mass jail break during clashes in the city between the Tripoli Revolutionaries Brigade and Nawasi Brigade against the 7th Brigade from Tarhuna.[https://www.yahoo.com/news/hundreds-escape-prison-near-libyas-tripoli-police-202146600.html Hundreds escape prison near Libya's Tripoli: police] Yahoo News (Agence France-Presse), September 2, 2018

On August 20, dozens of Gaddafi supporters held demonstrations in Sirte, Bani Walid and Ghat.{{Cite web|url=http://alwasat.ly/news/libya/292937|title=تظاهرات لأنصار النظام السابق في بني وليد وسرت وغات|first=بوابة|last=الوسط|website=Alwasat News}}

On August 24, supporters of the Gaddafi family once again gathered in Sirte, with reports of clashes between the LNA and the protestors. 50 civilians had been detained since the start of the demonstrations in Sirte.[https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/large-demonstration-held-in-support-of-gaddafi-family-in-northern-libya-video/ Large demonstration held in support of Gaddafi family in northern Libya: video] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200901052217/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/large-demonstration-held-in-support-of-gaddafi-family-in-northern-libya-video/ |date=1 September 2020 }} Al Masdar News, 25 August 2020

On September 1, Gaddafi supporters celebrated the 51st anniversary of the Al Fateh Revolution taking to the streets of several towns like Ajaylat, Tiji (Al-Sayan), Bani Walid and Sabha.[https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/gaddafi-supporters-rally-in-support-of-family-on-anniversary-of-rise-to-power-video/ Gaddafi supporters rally in support of family on anniversary of rise to power: video] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200911194449/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/gaddafi-supporters-rally-in-support-of-family-on-anniversary-of-rise-to-power-video/ |date=11 September 2020 }} Al Masdar News, 1 September 2020

On November 14, Saif al-Islam Gaddafi registered his candidacy for the next Libyan presidential election but was disqualified ten days later by the Libyan High National Election Commission.{{Cite web|date=14 November 2021|title=Son of former Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi runs for president|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/nov/14/son-of-former-libyan-dictator-muammar-gaddafi-runs-for-president|website=TheGuardian.com}}{{Cite web|agency=Reuters|date=2021-11-24|title=Muammar Gaddafi's son disqualified from standing in Libya election|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/nov/24/muammar-gaddafis-son-disqualified-from-standing-in-libya-election|access-date=2021-12-06|website=the Guardian|language=en}} After a delayed appeal, Gaddafi's candidacy was reinstated by a court in Sabha on December 2. Gaddafi supporters were sighted celebrating throughout the city.{{Cite web|title=Saif Al-Islam Gaddafi back in Libya presidential election race {{!}} The Libya Observer|url=https://www.libyaobserver.ly/news/saif-al-islam-gaddafi-back-libya-presidential-election-race|access-date=2021-12-06|website=www.libyaobserver.ly|language=en}}{{Cite news|date=2021-12-02|title=Libya court reinstates Gaddafi presidential bid amid election chaos|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/libya-court-reinstates-gaddafi-presidential-bid-amid-election-chaos-2021-12-02/|access-date=2021-12-06}}

In 2022 and 2023, ahead of those years' celebrations for the Al Fateh Revolution, forces under the command of Khalifa Haftar began a campaign of arrests against Gaddafi supporters in Sirte. In 2023, the Tariq Ben Zeyad Brigade made arrests in the Buhadi area of the city.{{Cite news |last=Assad |first=Abdulkader |date=21 August 2023 |title=Haftar forces' arrest campaign sweeps through Sirte singling out Gaddafi loyalists |work=The Libya Observer |url=https://libyaobserver.ly/news/haftar-forces-arrest-campaign-sweeps-through-sirte-singling-out-gaddafi-loyalists |access-date=27 September 2023}}

Celebrations for the 54th anniversary of the Al Fateh Revolution occurred in a few cities in 2023. Most of celebrations were concentrated in southern cities like Traghan, as well as the city of Bani Walid in the North West.{{Cite news |date=1 September 2023 |title=ذكرى "ثورة الفاتح" تجدد خلافات الليبيين حول حقبة القذافي |language=Arabic |trans-title=The anniversary of the 'Al-Fateh Revolution' renews Libyans' differences over the Gaddafi era |work=Asharq Al-Awsat |url=https://aawsat.com/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7/4521126-%D8%B0%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%89-%C2%AB%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%C2%BB-%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%AF%D8%AF-%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%AD%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B0%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A |access-date=4 October 2023}}

Polling for the Next Libyan presidential election with the participation of Gaddafi's son Saif al-Islam Gaddafi under the Popular Front for the Liberation of Libya{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/11/14/son-of-former-libyan-leader-gaddafi-runs-for-president-official|title=Son of former Libyan leader Gaddafi to run for president|date=14 November 2021|accessdate=9 January 2024|work=Al Jazeera}} has placed Gaddafi right behind Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh but ahead of all other candidates in the first round of the elections.

Mustafa Al-Zaidi, leader of the National Movement Party, is a Gaddafi loyalist party.

Saif al-Islam Gaddafi is the leader of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Libya, a Gaddafi loyalist militia and political party that was founded in 2016.{{Cite web |title=Pro-Gaddafi Group Uncovered in Libyan Capital |url=https://english.aawsat.com/node/1276356 |access-date=2023-11-07 |website=english.aawsat.com |language=en}}

The Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist) openly supports the movement.{{cite web | url=http://www.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=879 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123233536/http://www.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=879 | archive-date=23 January 2013 | title=The Communists: Britain's only revolutionary communist party }}{{cite web | url=http://www.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=797 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312012858/http://www.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=797 | archive-date=12 March 2012 | title=The Communists: Britain's only revolutionary communist party }}

• Assad loyalism

{{notelist}}

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{{Libyan Civil War}}

Category:Libyan Crisis (2011–present)

Category:Muammar Gaddafi

Category:Political movements in Libya

Category:Politics of Libya