:Joasaph I of Constantinople

Antony Kokkas was born probably to Western parents and he became a monk. According to Laurent{{r|Laurent}} and Kiminas{{r|Kiminas}} he was elected as Patriarch with the name of Joasaph I on 1 April 1462, in a rush the day after the death of Patriarch Isidore II of Constantinople. During his patriarchate, he had to face troubles caused by clashes with monks and intrigues of the Greek nobility.

The intrigue that led to the tragic end of Joasaph's patriarchate involved the scholar and politician George Amiroutzes, renowned for having persuaded Emperor David of Trebizond to surrender to the Ottomans, and who, along with all the nobility of the former Empire of Trebizond, had moved to Constantinople. George Amiroutzes had become an intimate of Sultan Mehmed II and wanted to marry the beautiful Mouchliotissa, widow of last Duke of Athens Francesco II Acciaioli, notwithstanding that he was already married and his wife was still alive.{{r|Runciman}} Patriarch Joasaph I refused to grant his permission because it was a case of bigamy under canon law. George Amiroutzes pressed forward and turned to his cousin, the Grand vizier Mahmud Pasha Angelović, who tried to influence the Holy Synod to depose Joasaph I. Some scholars propose different details for these events.

Irritated by the refusal of Joasaph I to allow the new marriage of Amiroutzes, Sultan Mehmed II ordered the Patriarch's humiliation by cutting his beard and punished also the Megas Ekklesiarches (i.e. Head Sacristan) Manuel, the future Patriarch Maximus III of Constantinople, by cutting his nose.{{r|EHW}} These events led Joasaph I to a state of depression which culminated in his attempted suicide: the day of Easter 1463 (10 April) he deliberately threw himself in the cistern beneath the Pammakaristos Church.{{r|Laurent}}

Joasaph I was rescued, deposed and exiled to Anchialos,{{r|Laurent}} opening the way for George Amiroutzes to marry his new wife.{{r|EHW}}

The chronology of the reign of Joasaph I is disputed among scholars. Recent scholarship, such as Kiminas (2009),{{r|Kiminas}} Podskalsky (1988),{{r|Podskalsky}} Laurent (1968){{r|Laurent}} and Runciman (1985){{r|Runciman}} place the reign of Joasaph I after Isidore II of Constantinople and before Sophronius I of Constantinople, dating it between 1 April 1462 and Easter (10 April) 1463.

Other scholars, following Bishop Gemanos of Sardeis (1933–1938){{r|Sardeon}} and Grumel (1958){{r|Grumel}}, as well as the official website of the Ecumenical Patriarchate,{{r|EP}} propose that Joasaph I reigned after Sophronius I and before Mark II of Constantinople, suggesting that his reign begun in early 1465 (or July 1465) and ended in first months of 1466. Blanchet (2001){{r|Blanchet}} places the beginning of the reign of Joasaph I in summer 1464 directly after Sophronius I.

Furthermore, there is no consensus among scholars on the length and chronology of the second and third terms of Gennadius II of Constantinople which supposedly alternated the patriarchates of Joasaph I and Sophronius I. For a comparison of the main scholar suggestions, see the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.

{{Reflist|refs=

{{Cite book |title=The Ecumenical Patriarchate |last=Kiminas |first=Demetrius |date=2009 |publisher=Wildside Press |isbn=978-1-4344-5876-6 |pages=37, 45}}

{{Cite web |url=http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=7205 |title=Amiroutzis, Georgios |publisher=Encyclopaedia of the Hellenic World, Asia Minor |author=Touloumakos Pantelis |access-date=17 July 2011}}

{{Cite web |url=http://www.ec-patr.org/list/index.php?lang=en&id=164 |title=Joasaph I |publisher=Ecumenical Patriarchate |access-date=16 July 2011}}

Chronology according to Kiminas (2009), for other proposals see section Disputed Chronology.

{{Cite journal |last=Vitalien |first=Laurent |title=Les premiers patriarches de Constantinople sous la domination turque (1454–1476) |journal=Revue des études byzantines |issue=26 |date=1968 |pages=229–263 (246–249) |doi=10.3406/rebyz.1968.1407}}

{{Cite book |last=Runciman |first=Steven |title=The Great Church in captivity |publisher=Cambridge University Press |date=1985 |isbn=978-0-521-31310-0 |pages=193–194 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/greatchurchincap00sirs/page/193}}

{{Cite book |last=Podskalsky |first=Gerhard |title=Griechische Theologie in der Zeit der Türkenherrschaft (1453–1821): die Orthodoxie im Spannungsfeld der nachreformatorischen Konfessionen des Westens |publisher=C. H. Beck

|location=Munchen |date=1988 |isbn=978-3-406-32302-7 |page=398 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=McDOLwBoM9kC&pg=PA398}}

{{Cite journal |author=Σάρδεων Γερμανός |title=Συµβολή εις τους πατριαρχικούς καταλόγους Κωνσταντινουπόλεως από της αλώσεως και εξής |journal=Ορθοδοξία |issue=8–13 |date=1933–1938}}{{in lang|el}}

{{Cite book |last=Grumel |first=Venance |title=Traité d'études byzantines, vol. I, La chronologie |publisher=Presses Universitaires de France |location=Paris |date=1958 |page=437}}

{{Cite journal |first=Marie-Hélène |last=Blanchet |title=Georges Gennadios Scholarios a-t-il été trois fois patriarche de constantinople? |journal=Byzantion: Revue Internationale des Études Byzantines |location=Bruxelles |volume=71

|issue=1 |date=2001 |pages=60–72}}{{in lang|fr}}

}}

• {{Cite book |last=Kiminas |first=Demetrius |title=The Ecumenical Patriarchate - A History of Its Metropolitanates with Annotated Hierarch Catalogs |date=2009 |publisher=Wildside Press |isbn=9781434458766 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QLWqXrW2X-8C}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Laurent |first=Vitalien |title=Les premiers patriarches de Constantinople sous la domination turque (1454–1476) - Succession et chronologie d'après un catalogue inédit |journal=Revue des études byzantines |date=1968 |volume=26 |pages=229–263 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/rebyz_0766-5598_1968_num_26_1_1407 |doi=10.3406/rebyz.1968.1407}}
• {{Cite book |last=Runciman |first=Steven |title=The Great Church in Captivity - A Study of the Patriarchate of Constantinople from the Eve of the Turkish Conquest to the Greek War of Independence |date=1985 |orig-date=1968 |edition=2nd |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9780521313100 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vm5OGIBgoHMC}}

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{{Succession box

| before = Isidore II

| title = Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople

| years = 1462 – 1463

| after = Gennadius II

}}

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{{Patriarchs of Constantinople}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Joasaph 01 Of Constantinople, Patriarch}}

Category:15th-century patriarchs of Constantinople

Category:15th-century Byzantine bishops