:Jonathan Hutchinson

Jonathan Hutchinson was born in Selby, Yorkshire, of Quaker parents and was educated in the local school. Then he was apprenticed for five years to Caleb Williams, an apothecary and surgeon in York.{{cite web|url= http://www.haslemeremuseum.co.uk/about_files/SIR%20JONATHAN%20HUTCHINSON%20leaflet.pdf|title= Sir Jonathan Hutchinson|publisher= Haslemere Museum|access-date= 20 August 2010|url-status= dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110717021828/http://www.haslemeremuseum.co.uk/about_files/SIR%20JONATHAN%20HUTCHINSON%20leaflet.pdf|archive-date= 17 July 2011|df= dmy-all}}

He entered St Bartholomew's Hospital in London, and became a member of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1850 (and a fellow in 1862), and rapidly gained a reputation as a skilful operator and a scientific inquirer. While a student, Hutchinson chose a career in surgery from 1854 on, under the influence and help of his mentor, Sir James Paget (1814–99). In 1851, he studied ophthalmology at Moorfields and practised it at London Ophthalmic Hospital. Other hospitals where he practised in the following years were the Lock Hospital, the City of London Chest Hospital, the London Hospital, the Metropolitan Hospitals, and the Blackfriars Hospital for Diseases of the Skin.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

His intense activity in so many medical specialities is reflected also in his involvement with several medical societies. He was president of the Hunterian Society in 1869 and 1870, Editor of the British Medical Journal (1869-1871),{{cite journal|journal=British Medical Journal|title=History of the BMJ|url=https://www.bmj.com/about-bmj/history-of-the-bmj|access-date=23 April 2025}} professor of surgery and pathology at the Royal College of Surgeons from 1877 to 1882, president of the Pathological Society (1879–80), of the Ophthalmological Society (1883), of the Neurological Society (1887) of the Medical Society (1890), and of the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society from 1894 to 1896. In 1889, he was president of the Royal College of Surgeons. He was a member of two royal commissions, that of 1881 to inquire into the provision for smallpox and fever cases in the London hospitals, and that of 1889–96 on vaccination and leprosy. He also acted as honorary secretary to the Sydenham Society.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}} In June 1882 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.{{cite web | url= http://www2.royalsociety.org/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Persons&dsqPos=9&dsqSearch=%28Surname%3D%27hutchinson%27%29 | title= Library and Archive Catalogue | publisher= Royal Society | access-date= 24 November 2010 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

He was the first orator at the York Medical Society.{{Cite web|url=https://www.yorkmedsoc.org/public-orators/|title=York Medical Society past orators|website=www.yorkmedsoc.org|access-date=23 May 2019}}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

Hutchinson is considered the father of oral medicine by some.{{cite book|last1=Dayal|first1=Promod K|title=Textbook of medicine oral|date=1998|publisher=Jaypee|location=New Delhi|isbn=9788171795734|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g7o3cZETosEC&pg=PA1}}{{rp|1}}{{cite book|last1=John|first1=Pramod|title=Textbook of oral medicine|date=2014|publisher=JP Medical Ltd|isbn=9789350908501|edition=3rd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SLkiAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA2}}{{rp|2}}

File:Jonathan Hutchinson 15 Cavendish Square blue plaque.jpg, London]]

Hutchinson's activity in the cause of scientific surgery and in advancing the study of the natural sciences was unwearying. He published more than 1,200 medical articles and also produced the quarterly Archives of Surgery from 1890 to 1900, being its only contributor. His lectures on neuropathogenesis, gout, leprosy, diseases of the tongue, etc., were full of original observation; but his principal work was connected with the study of syphilis, on which he became the first living authority.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}} He was the first to describe his triad of medical signs for congenital syphilis: notched incisor teeth, labyrinthine deafness, and interstitial keratitis, which was very useful for providing a firm diagnosis long before Treponema pallidum or the Wassermann test were discovered. By contrast, his insistence that leprosy was caused by eating decaying fish was incorrect.{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1038/075412a0| title = On Leprosy and Fish Eating a Statement of Facts and Explanations| journal = Nature| volume = 75| issue = 1948| pages = 412| year = 1907| bibcode = 1907Natur..75..412.| hdl = 2027/mdp.39015009544233| s2cid = 4012915| hdl-access = free}}

He was the founder of the Medical Graduates’ College and Polyclinic; and both in his native town of Selby and at Haslemere, Surrey, he started (about 1890) educational museums for popular instruction in natural history.{{cite journal |author=Klauder JV |title=Sir Jonathan Hutchinson |journal=Med Life |volume=41 |pages=313–27 |year=1934}} He published several volumes on his subjects and was given an Hon. LL.D degree by both the University of Glasgow and University of Cambridge. He received a knighthood in 1908.

Hutchinson has his name attached to these entities in medicine:

• Hutchinson's angina
• Hutchinson's sign
• Hutchinson's dehidrosis
• Hutchinson's disease or senile degeneration of the choroid
• Hutchinson's facies
• Hutchinson's melanotic freckle (was previously considered a precancerous spot occurring in old age, now known as melanoma in situ, lentigo maligna type)
• Hutchinson's mask
• Hutchinson's melanotic disease
• Hutchinson's patch (a corneal sign attached to syphilitic keratitis)
• Hutchinson's prurigo
• Hutchinson's pupil
• Hutchinson's teeth (seen in congenital syphilis)
• Hutchinson's triad
• Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome

Hutchinson married Jane Pynsent West in 1856 and they had six sons and four daughters. His son Jonathan (1859–1933) became an ophthalmic surgeon and was elected F.R.C.S. in 1884.{{cite journal|author=James, D. G.|year=1969|title=Centenary commemoration of sarcoidosis and of Jonathan Hutchinson|journal=British Medical Journal|volume=2|issue=5649|pages=109–110|pmc=1982866|doi=10.1136/bmj.2.5649.109|pmid=4887040}}[http://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/biogs/E004242b.htm Hutchinson, Jonathan (1859–1933), Plarr's Lives of the Fellows Online] He founded Haslemere Educational Museum in 1888. The teacher, writer, and naturalist Margaret Hutchinson was his granddaughter.{{cite web|url=http://www.haslemeremuseum.co.uk/about.html|title=About Haslemere Educational Museum|access-date=20 May 2016}}{{cite book |last=Hutchinson |first=Margaret |year=1981 |title=A childhood in Edwardian Sussex |publisher=Saiga |location=Hindhead |isbn=0862300401}} Hutchinson died on 23 June 1913, in Haslemere, Surrey.Who's Who 1914, p. xxii; ODNB

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Attribution:

{{EB1911|wstitle=Hutchinson, Sir Jonathan|volume=14|page=13}}

• R. J. Godlee, [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/34074 ‘Hutchinson, Sir Jonathan (1828–1913)’], rev. W. F. Bynum, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. Retrieved 4 September 2007
• {{cite journal |author=McKusick VA |title=The Gordon Wilson Lecture: The Clinical Legacy of Jonathan Hutchinson (1828–1913): Syndromology and Dysmorphology Meet Genomics |journal=Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association |volume=116 |pages=15–38 |year=2005 |pmid=16555603 |pmc=1473126}}
• {{cite journal |author=Geraint DJ |title=Pioneers of sarcoidosis: Jonathan Hutchinson (1828–1913) |journal=Sarcoidosis, Vasculitis and Diffuse Lung Diseases |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=120 |date=June 2002 |pmid=12102607}}
• {{cite journal |author=Scadding JG |title=Jonathan Hutchinson and John Hughlings Jackson: reflections on a friendship |journal=Journal of Medical Biography |volume=7 |issue=4 |pages=224–7 |date=November 1999 |pmid=11624083|doi=10.1177/096777209900700408 |s2cid=32953692 }}
• {{cite journal |author=Jackson R |title=How do physicians react to new knowledge: the experience of Jonathan Hutchinson 1828–1913 with comments on its relevance today |journal=Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=54–6 |date=July 1998 |pmid=9677263|doi=10.1177/120347549800300116 |s2cid=26015307 }}
• {{cite journal |author=Pearce JM |title=Sir Jonathan Hutchinson (1828–1913) and an early description of temporal arteritis |journal=Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=216 |date=February 1994 |pmid=8126509 |pmc=1072454 |doi=10.1136/jnnp.57.2.216}}
• {{cite journal |author=Sharma OP |title=Arthur Conan Doyle and Jonathan Hutchinson: the sarcoidosis connection |journal=Sarcoidosis |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=69–70 |date=March 1993 |pmid=8134721}}
• {{cite journal |author=Ellis H |title=Jonathan Hutchinson (1828–1913) |journal=Journal of Medical Biography |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=11–16 |date=February 1993 |pmid=11639204|doi=10.1177/096777209300100103 |s2cid=28854813 }}
• {{cite journal |author=Oriel JD |title=Eminent venereologists 4: Jonathan Hutchinson |journal=Genitourinary Medicine |volume=66 |issue=5 |pages=401–6 |date=October 1990 |pmid=2245990 |pmc=1194566 |doi=10.1136/sti.66.5.401}}
• {{cite journal |author=Herschfeld JJ |title=Classics in dental history: Sir Jonathan Hutchinson, the universal specialist: his studies of syphilitic changes in the mouth |journal=Bulletin of the History of Dentistry |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=34–8 |date=April 1988 |pmid=3061507}}
• {{cite journal |author=King DF |title=The man behind the eponym. Sir Jonathan Hutchinson. An obstinate genius |journal=The American Journal of Dermatopathology |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=74–5 |date=February 1987 |pmid=3551657 |doi=10.1097/00000372-198702000-00013}}
• {{cite journal |author=Sharma OP |title=Vanity Fair, Spy and Jonathan Hutchinson |journal=Sarcoidosis |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=75–6 |date=March 1986 |pmid=3554427}}
• {{cite journal |vauthors=Key JD, Mann RJ |title=Sir Jonathan Hutchinson, 1828–1913 |journal=Medical Heritage |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=156 |year=1985 |pmid=11616022}}
• {{cite journal |author=James DG |title=In memoriam Jonathan Hutchinson (1828–1913) |journal=Sarcoidosis |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=63–4 |date=September 1984 |pmid=6400574}}
• {{cite journal |author=Jackson R |title=Jonathan Hutchinson on syphilis |journal=Sexually Transmitted Diseases |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=90–6 |year=1980 |pmid=6994262 |doi=10.1097/00007435-198004000-00012|doi-access=free }}
• {{cite journal |author=Cahn LR |title=Some notes on Sir Jonathan Hutchinson (1828–1913) |journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology |volume=3 |issue=6 |pages=563–6 |date=December 1979 |pmid=393117 |doi=10.1097/00000478-197912000-00010}}
• {{cite journal |author=Rook A |title=James Startin, Jonathan Hutchinson and the Blackfriars Skin Hospital |journal=The British Journal of Dermatology |volume=99 |issue=2 |pages=215–9 |date=August 1978 |pmid=359028 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2133.1978.tb01986.x|s2cid=6036154 }}
• {{cite journal |author=Greaves D |title=Sir Jonathan Hutchinson |journal=Transactions of the Ophthalmological Societies of the United Kingdom |volume=98 |issue=1 |pages=176–7 |date=April 1978 |pmid=373172}}
• {{cite journal |author=Henkind P |title=Jonathan Hutchinson—1828–1913 |journal=American Journal of Ophthalmology |volume=85 |issue=2 |pages=265–6 |date=February 1978 |pmid=341713 |doi=10.1016/s0002-9394(14)75963-x}}
• {{cite journal |author=Kampmeier RH |title=Prenatal syphilis and Sir Jonathan Hutchinson |journal=Sexually Transmitted Diseases |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=167–9 |year=1977 |pmid=339378 |doi=10.1097/00007435-197710000-00012|s2cid=42697628 |doi-access=free }}
• {{cite journal |vauthors=Schoenberg BS, Schoenberg DG |title=Eponym: the name's the same: the eponyms of Sir Jonathan Hutchinson |journal=Southern Medical Journal |volume=70 |issue=8 |pages=993–4 | doi = 10.1097/00007611-197708000-00029 |date=August 1977 |pmid=407656 }}
• {{cite journal |author=Ewing M |title=Jonathan Hutchinson FRCS |journal=Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England |volume=57 |issue=6 |pages=296–308 |date=December 1975 |pmid=813554 |pmc=2388632}}
• {{cite journal |author=McKusick VA |title=The 3d Conference on the clinical delineation of birth defects. Part XII. Skin, hair and nails. Dedication to the memory of Jonathan Hutchinson (1828–1913) |journal=Birth Defects Original Article Series |volume=7 |issue=8 |pages=1–4 |date=June 1971 |pmid=4950927}}
• {{cite journal |author=McKusick VA |title=The 3d Conference on the Clinical Delineation of Birth Defects. Part XI. Orofacial Structures. Dedication to the Memory of Jonathan Hutchinson (1828–1913) |journal=Birth Defects Original Article Series |volume=7 |issue=7 |pages=1–2 |date=June 1971 |pmid=4950921}}
• {{cite journal |author=Nelson CT |title=Jonathan Hutchinson on vaccination syphilis |journal=Archives of Dermatology |volume=99 |issue=5 |pages=529–35 |date=May 1969 |pmid=4889085 |doi=10.1001/archderm.99.5.529}}
• {{cite journal |author=James DG |title=Centenary commemoration of sarcoidosis and of Jonathan Hutchinson |journal=British Medical Journal |volume=2 |issue=5649 |pages=109–10 |date=April 1969 |pmid=4887040 |pmc=1982866 |doi=10.1136/bmj.2.5649.109}}
• {{cite journal |author=Bean WB |title=Jonathan Hutchinson |journal=Archives of Internal Medicine |volume=116 |pages=1–3 |date=July 1965 |pmid=14338949 |url=http://archinte.ama-assn.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=14338949 |doi=10.1001/archinte.1965.03870010003001 |url-access=subscription }}{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
• {{cite journal |journal=JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association |volume=188 |issue=11 |pages=998–9 |date=June 1964 |pmid=14132580 |pmc=1047539 |doi=10.1001/jama.1964.03060370054014 |title=Sir Jonathan Hutchinson (1828-1913) }}
• {{cite journal |author=Wales AE |title=Sir Jonathan Hutchinson (1828–1913) |journal=The British Journal of Venereal Diseases |volume=39 |issue= 2|pages=67–86 |date=June 1963 |pmid=13998448 |pmc=1047539 |doi=10.1136/sti.39.2.i1}}
• {{cite journal |author=Florvaag M |trans-title=The English physician Sir Jonathan Hutchinson; his visit to Molde Hospital 1869 |language=no|journal=Tidsskrift for den Norske Lægeforening |volume=76 |issue=11 |pages=389–91 |date=June 1956 |pmid=13337828 |title=The English physician Sir Jonathan Hutchinson; his visit to Molde hospital 1869}}
• {{cite journal |author=Schonfeld W |title=[Jonathan Hutchinson, 1828–1913.] |journal=Dermatologische Wochenschrift |volume=127 |issue=24 |pages=575–6 |year=1953 |pmid=13083073}}
• {{cite journal |author=McKusick VA |title=The clinical observations of Jonathan Hutchinson |journal=American Journal of Syphilis, Gonorrhea, and Venereal Diseases |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=101–26 |date=March 1952 |pmid=14903422}}
• {{cite journal |vauthors=McCleary JE, Farber EM |title=Dermatological writings of Sir Jonathan Hutchinson |journal=A.M.A. Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology |volume=65 |issue=2 |pages=130–6 |date=February 1952 |pmid=14884693 |doi=10.1001/archderm.1952.01530210009002}}
• {{cite journal |author=Ravitch MM |title=Jonathan Hutchinson and intussusception |journal=Bulletin of the History of Medicine |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=342–53 |year=1951 |pmid=14859019}}

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• [http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/887.html Jonathan Hutchinson]. WhoNamedIt.
• [http://www.mrcophth.com/ophthalmologyhalloffame/hutchinson.html Ophthalmology and Eponyms: Jonathan Hutchinson]

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Category:1828 births

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Category:People from Selby

Category:English dermatologists

Category:British ophthalmologists

Category:British leprologists

Category:Alumni of the Medical College of St Bartholomew's Hospital

Category:Fellows of the Royal Society

Category:English Quakers