:London Institute for Mathematical Sciences

In 2008, the Texan physicist Thomas Fink had the idea for creating an independent British institute for physics and maths. It was initially met with scepticism. The then head of Cambridge's Cavendish Laboratory, Peter Littlewood, told him, “An institute cannot live on grants alone.” But Caltech's Tom Tombrello, who had mentored Fink on his Physics 11 course, encouraged the idea. The institute was founded in 2011 and received its first grant, from DARPA, the following year.{{cite web |url=https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-03/du-unc030212.php|date=Mar 2012 |title=Unwinding nature's clocks, with $14 million from DARPA |website=EurekaAlert!, The American Association for the Advancement of Science }}

In 2015 it became eligible for funding from the EU scientific research agency.{{cite web |url=https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/317532|date=Oct 2016 |title=Foundational Research on MULTIlevel comPLEX networks and systems|website=cordis.europa.eu}} In 2019 it was awarded Independent Research Organisation status by UKRI, becoming the first independent research centre in the physical sciences to be allowed to compete with universities for funding from the seven Research Councils.{{cite web |url=https://www.ukri.org/files/funding/tcs/eligible-independent-research-organisations-pdf/ |title=Independent Research Organisations |website=UK Research and Innovation }}{{cite web |url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/blog/we-need-challenge-university-monopoly-research |title='We need to challenge the university monopoly on research' |date=Apr 2019 |website=Times Higher Education }}

In 2021 its researchers moved from its offices in a Grade II* listed building on South Street in Mayfair into the Royal Institution Grade II* listed building. It now occupies rooms that were once the private apartments of Sir Humphry Davy, Michael Faraday and John Tyndall, among others.{{cite web |title=Building |url=https://lims.ac.uk/building/ |publisher=London Institute for Mathematical Sciences |access-date=21 March 2022}}

The London Institute does research in theoretical physics and mathematics. It does not have laboratories and does not conduct experiments. The institute is committed to curiosity-driven, theoretical research as this has historically led to the most far-reaching breakthroughs, such as gravity and electromagnetism. In an article in The Times, it defined its work as “spotting the patterns within patterns”, which is a way to “unify seemingly disconnected fields” and open up new perspectives and subfields.{{cite web |url=https://www.thetimes.com/comment/article/its-high-time-there-was-a-nobel-prize-for-mathematics-c0pgd5zss |title=It’s high time there was a Nobel prize for mathematics |website=The Times }}

Research at the London Institute spans four themes: Mathematics that unifies; The elegant universe; Life, learning and emergence; and the Theory of human enterprise.{{cite web |url=https://lims.ac.uk/themes/ |title=Research themes |website=London Institute for Mathematical Sciences }} Its researchers have published papers on statistical physics in Nature Reviews Physics; algebraic geometry in the Journal of High Energy Physics; graph theory in the European Journal of Combinatorics; and network theory in Physical Review Letters.{{cite web |url=https://lims.ac.uk/papers/ |title=Papers |website=London Institute for Mathematical Sciences }} In 2024, researcher Oleksandr Gamayun’s paper on topological solitons became the Institute’s first to be published in Nature.{{cite journal |title=Non-reciprocal topological solitons in active metamaterials |journal=Nature |date=20 Mar 2024 |volume=627 |page=528–533 |doi=10.1038/s41586-024-07097-6 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07097-6|url-access=subscription }}

In 2021, the UK government announced the launch of Advanced Research and Invention Agency (ARIA), a new science agency designed to support projects that may create "a paradigm shift in science". As a roadmap for the new agency, the London Institute compiled a list of the 23 Mathematical Challenges of our time.{{cite web |url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/technology/article/mathematicians-sum-up-the-big-questions-of-our-time-szsqdqzn7 |title=23 Mathematical challenges|date= Jun 2021 |website=The Times }}{{Cite web |title=23 Mathematical challenges |url=https://lims.ac.uk/23-mathematical-challenges/ |access-date=2022-03-14 |website=LIMS - London Institute for Mathematical Sciences |language=en}} Inspired by David Hilbert's list of 23 challenges, 17 of which have been solved or partially resolved, the new list was intended by the Institute as a reminder to itself and others to aim high. It was published in full in The Times.{{Cite news |last=Whipple |first=Tom, Science |title=Mathematicians sum up the 23 big problems of our time |language=en |url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/technology/article/mathematicians-sum-up-the-big-questions-of-our-time-szsqdqzn7 |access-date=2022-03-14 |issn=0140-0460}}

The London Institute offers its researchers the high level of support expected by professional athletes.{{cite web |url=https://lims.ac.uk/profile/ |title=People |website=London Institute for Mathematical Sciences }} In addition to its scientists being unencumbered by teaching duties, it employs coders, writers, analysts and designers, as well as experts in storytelling, development and building partnerships. It also consults with leadership coaches to improve the mental wellbeing and acuity of its researchers.

Employees of the London Institute do not work from home. The reason, as explained by Director Thomas Fink in The Daily Telegraph, is that it's only when they share the same physical space that they can solve the workplace equivalent of the “stable marriage problem”, optimising the balance between interaction and solitary focus.{{Cite news |last=Fink |first=Thomas, Comment |title=Home-working kills innovation and creativity |language=en |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2021/06/07/home-working-kills-innovation-creativity/ |access-date=2023-08-25 |issn=2059-7487}}

The London Institute believes that communicating its discoveries is as important as making them.{{cite web |url=https://lims.ac.uk/style-guide/design-philosophy/ |title=Design philosophy |website=London Institute for Mathematical Sciences }} With this in mind, it takes pride in its website to ensure that it is clear and compelling, both in design and the quality of its prose. In 2022, lims.ac.uk was named at the Webby Awards as one of the five best science websites in the world, alongside Science magazine and NASA Solar System Exploration.{{cite web |url=https://winners.webbyawards.com/winners/websites-and-mobile-sites/general-websites-and-mobile-sites/science?years=1 |title=Top Science: Websites and Mobile Sites |website=The Webby Awards }}

Writers at the Institute publish articles in newspapers and magazines from Nature to The Times and The Guardian, celebrating its research and values, and contributing to the debate on how to fund and carry out science.{{cite web |url=https://lims.ac.uk/press/ |title=London Institute in the press |website=London Institute for Mathematical Sciences }}

The Director of the London Institute is the physicist Thomas Fink. Its Board of Trustees includes Sir Roy Anderson, FRS, formerly the chief scientist at the Ministry of Defence; Sir John Beddington, FRS, formerly the UK government's chief scientific adviser; and Martin Reeves, Global Director at Boston Consulting Group. Scientists and non-scientists are not segregated but work closely together, so everyone is involved in funding, carrying out and communicating discoveries.{{cite news |title=Sage of Discovery |date=Apr 2019 |work=Business Life, British Airways }}

The London Institute is funded by research grants from the EU's Horizon 2020, the European Innovation Council, DARPA, the US Department of Defense, the Ministry of Defence, the Medical Research Council and Cancer Research UK. Industry collaborations include investments from firms in strategy, biotech and AI.{{cite web |title=Funding |url=https://lims.ac.uk/funding/ |website=London Institute for Mathematical Sciences |access-date=5 January 2023}} The London Institute has partnered with over 50 research organisations from around the world.{{cite web |title=Partners |url=https://lims.ac.uk/partners/ |website=London Institute for Mathematical Sciences |access-date=5 January 2023}}

With the expansion of the development team in 2021, the Institute added philanthropic gifts to its funding sources. In 2022 donors helped launch the [https://lims.ac.uk/arnold-fellowships Arnold and Landau Fellowships], created to support Russian, Ukrainian, and Belarusian scientists affected by the Russian invasion of Ukraine.{{cite news |last1=Fink |first1=Thomas |title=Britain should open its doors to Russia’s top scientists |url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/britain-should-open-its-doors-to-russias-top-scientists-jwpmkkfww |access-date=5 January 2023 |publisher=The Times |date=10 October 2022}}{{cite news |last1=Fink |first1=Thomas |title=Britain is rescuing academics from Vladimir Putin's clutches |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/2022/07/01/britain-rescuing-academics-vladimir-putins-clutches/ |access-date=5 January 2023 |publisher=The Telegraph |date=1 July 2022}}

After Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022, the Institute created the Arnold and Landau Fellowships, named after the Ukrainian mathematician Vladimir Arnold and the Russian physicist Lev Landau. Consisting of ten three-year full-time positions, this is the biggest programme of its kind in the world.

The theatre of the Royal Institution has hosted talks by some of the greatest minds in the history of science, from Michael Faraday to Dmitri Mendeleev. To promote its causes, and celebrate its discoveries, the London Institute contributes to the programme of events that take place in the Royal Institution’s theatre.

In 2021, the Institute's Fellows Thomas Fink and Yang-Hui He interviewed the Nobel Physics Laureate Roger Penrose in the Theatre. In 2022, the Institute hosted a two-day conference on the mathematics of cell coding, in partnership with the biotech company bit.bio.{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jrVQXHmxH7Y&t=689s&ab_channel=TheRoyalInstitution|title=The cell programming revolution|date=Mar 2022|website=Youtube }} In 2023, Prof He delivered a Friday Evening Discourse on how non-Euclidean geometry gave rise to modern physics.{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z8jdndd-x7w&t=14s |title=How geometry created modern physics – with Yang-Hui He |website=Youtube }}

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• [https://lims.ac.uk/ London Institute for Mathematical Sciences]

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Category:Research institutes in London

Category:History of science and technology in England

Category:Science and technology in London