:Magdalena de Kino
{{Short description|City of Sonora, Mexico}}
{{About|the city|the municipality of the same name|Magdalena de Kino (municipality)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2011}}
File:Cripta Padre Kino.JPG, at Magdalena]]
Magdalena de Kino ({{IPA|es|maɣðaˈlena ðe ˈkino|-|MagdalenadeKino Pronunciation.ogg}}) is a city, part of the surrounding municipality of the same name, located in the Mexican state of Sonora covering approximately 560 square miles (1,460 square kilometers). According to the 2005 census, the city's population was 23,101, and the municipality's was 25,500. Magdalena de Kino is in the northern section of Sonora 50 miles (80 kilometers) from the Mexico-U.S. border. To the north the municipality abuts Nogales; to the south, the municipality of Santa Ana; to the east, Ímuris and Cucurpe; and to the west, the municipalities of Tubutama and Sáric. Its main sectors include San Ignacio, San Isidro, Tacicuri, and Sásabe. The city was named after the pioneer Roman Catholic missionary and explorer, Father Eusebio Francisco Kino, who worked in the area, as well as in the present-day US state of Arizona.
History
Originally, the territory was populated by the Papagos (Tohono O'odham) and Pimas (Akimel O'odham). The first missions were established in 1687, with the arrival of Eusebio Francisco Kino.{{cn|date=February 2024}}
Mission Santa María Magdalena de Buquivaba{{cite book |last1=Roca |first1=Paul M. |title=Paths of the Padres Through Sonora: An Illustrated History & Guide to Its Spanish Churches |date=1967 |publisher=Arizona Pioneers' Historical Society |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Paths_of_the_Padres_Through_Sonora/r4RaAAAAMAAJ |language=en}}{{rp|18}} was Kino's personal headquarters from about 1690. The first chapel was built by Jesuit missionary Luis María Pineli in 1690 or 1691, and burned by natives in 1695 as retaliation for La Matanza.{{rp|64}}
The chapel was rebuilt beginning in 1705, under the supervision of {{ill|Agustín de Campos|es}}. Kino died in Magdalena in 1711, and was buried in the chapel.{{cite book |last1=Stockel |first1=Henrietta |title=Salvation Through Slavery: Chiricahua Apaches and Priests on the Spanish Colonial Frontier |date=15 September 2022 |publisher=University of New Mexico Press |isbn=978-0-8263-4327-7 |language=en}} The municipal seat was founded at the beginning of the 18th century by Lieutenant Juan Bautista Escalante.{{cn|date=February 2024}}
Native raiders repeatedly destroyed the mission complex during the eighteenth century. It was rebuilt in 1730, and destroyed again in 1757.{{cn|date=February 2024}} Raiders attacked again in 1776, when Pedro Font was the missionary in residence. A new church had been erected by 1851.{{rp|65}}
Geography
=Climate=
{{Weather box
| location = Magdalena de Kino (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1987–2023)
| single line = Y
| metric first = Y
| Jan record high C = 32
| Feb record high C = 36
| Mar record high C = 38
| Apr record high C = 41
| May record high C = 46
| Jun record high C = 48
| Jul record high C = 48.5
| Aug record high C = 48
| Sep record high C = 45
| Oct record high C = 41
| Nov record high C = 39
| Dec record high C = 32
| year record high C =
| Jan high C = 21.6
| Feb high C = 23.0
| Mar high C = 26.8
| Apr high C = 30.7
| May high C = 35.1
| Jun high C = 40.0
| Jul high C = 38.7
| Aug high C = 37.7
| Sep high C = 36.3
| Oct high C = 32.3
| Nov high C = 26.3
| Dec high C = 21.0
| year high C = 30.8
| Jan mean C = 12.7
| Feb mean C = 14.1
| Mar mean C = 17.2
| Apr mean C = 20.5
| May mean C = 24.7
| Jun mean C = 30.0
| Jul mean C = 30.7
| Aug mean C = 29.9
| Sep mean C = 28.2
| Oct mean C = 23.0
| Nov mean C = 17.0
| Dec mean C = 12.4
| year mean C = 21.7
| Jan low C = 3.8
| Feb low C = 5.3
| Mar low C = 7.7
| Apr low C = 10.3
| May low C = 14.3
| Jun low C = 20.0
| Jul low C = 22.7
| Aug low C = 22.2
| Sep low C = 20.0
| Oct low C = 13.6
| Nov low C = 7.8
| Dec low C = 3.8
| year low C = 12.6
| Jan record low C = -6.5
| Feb record low C = -7
| Mar record low C = -1
| Apr record low C = 2
| May record low C = 4
| Jun record low C = 9
| Jul record low C = 12.5
| Aug record low C = 0
| Sep record low C = 12
| Oct record low C = -1
| Nov record low C = -3
| Dec record low C = -6.5
| year record low C =
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 27.1
| Feb precipitation mm = 35.6
| Mar precipitation mm = 21.8
| Apr precipitation mm = 7.2
| May precipitation mm = 3.2
| Jun precipitation mm = 16.2
| Jul precipitation mm = 98.3
| Aug precipitation mm = 120.3
| Sep precipitation mm = 67.7
| Oct precipitation mm = 18.3
| Nov precipitation mm = 23.7
| Dec precipitation mm = 32.3
| year precipitation mm = 471.7
| Jan rain days = 3.8
| Feb rain days = 3.8
| Mar rain days = 2.8
| Apr rain days = 0.9
| May rain days = 0.8
| Jun rain days = 2.8
| Jul rain days = 11.1
| Aug rain days = 11.0
| Sep rain days = 6.6
| Oct rain days = 2.1
| Nov rain days = 2.4
| Dec rain days = 4.2
| year rain days = 52.3
| source 1 = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional{{cite web
|url=https://smn.conagua.gob.mx/tools/RESOURCES/Normales_Climatologicas/Normales9120/son/nor9120_26286.txt
|title=NORMAL CLIMATOLÓGICA 1991-2020
|publisher=Servicio Meteorológico National
|language=es
|format=TXT
|access-date=December 1, 2024
|url-status=live
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241201160329/https://smn.conagua.gob.mx/tools/RESOURCES/Normales_Climatologicas/Normales9120/son/nor9120_26286.txt
|archive-date=December 1, 2024
|url=https://smn.conagua.gob.mx/tools/RESOURCES/Normales_Climatologicas/Med-Extr/son/medex26286.txt
|title=VALORES EXTREMOS
|publisher=Servicio Meteorológico National
|language=es
|format=TXT
|access-date=December 1, 2024
|url-status=live
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241201160422/https://smn.conagua.gob.mx/tools/RESOURCES/Normales_Climatologicas/Med-Extr/son/medex26286.txt
|archive-date=December 1, 2024
}}
}}
Economy
Agriculture is a key economic activity throughout the municipality. Of the {{convert|3300|acre|km2}} of arable land, 2,800 (approximately 85%) are irrigated. Crops include fruit, wheat, maize, common bean and sorghum. Cattle ranching is also an important source of income within the municipality. Mission Garden in Tucson, Arizona, includes an area that shows historical Mexican influences on the region's agriculture. The design of that area reflects modern-day Magdalena de Kino.
The industry employs approximately 2,000 individuals, primarily at the various maquiladoras. In addition, the city's businesses produce beverages, construction and furniture.
Primary tourist attractions
Magdalena de Kino has 6 hotels and 6 bars/restaurants and several sites of interest to tourists, including:
- The Temple of Santa María Magdalena, with an image of San Francisco Xavier, is an important historical figure for both Sonora and the neighboring U.S. state of Arizona.
- The Grave of Father Kino, who died in the year 1711 is interred in a crypt near the mission he founded. The monument was constructed in 1966 after the discovery of Father Kino's remains.Polzer, C. 1968. A Kino Guide: His Missions – His Monuments. Southwestern Mission Research Center, Tucson AZ.
- The Father Kino Museum, with architectural designs by Marco Antonio Ortez, where objects of the indigenous cultures of the region are exhibited, including photographs, weaponry and clothing.
- The Mausoleum of Luis Donaldo Colosio Murrieta and his wife Diana Laura Riojas de Colosio, is located in the municipal pantheon.
- Numerous buildings are constructed of stone with engravings reflecting the history of the municipality and Mexico in general.
Notable people
- Luis Donaldo Colosio - (born Magdalena de Kino) presidential candidate, PRI movement member, assassinated in Tijuana in 1994.
- Alejandro Gallardo - (born Magdalena de Kino) soccer player, World Cup winner in Peru U-17 in 2005. Currently plays in F.C. Atlas
- Brothers Luis and Ramón Urías - (born Magdalena de Kino) professional baseball players who have played in the MLB.
References in popular culture
Magdalena de Kino is the subject of a song by The Killers frontman, Brandon Flowers. 'Magdalena' appears on his solo album Flamingo.
Magdalena de Kino was also a filming site for Fast and The Furious.
International relations
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Mexico}}
=Twin towns – Sister cities=
Magdalena de Kino is twinned with:
- {{flagicon|MEX}} Guadalajara, Mexico{{cite web | url =http://www.guadalajara.gob.mx/dependencias/relacionespublicas/versioningles/sistercities.html | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20120302011742/http://www.guadalajara.gob.mx/dependencias/relacionespublicas/versioningles/sistercities.html|archive-date = March 2, 2012 | title = Sister Cities, Public Relations | publisher = Guadalajara municipal government|access-date = March 12, 2013}}
- {{flagicon|USA}} Temple City, California
- {{flagicon|USA}} Sahuarita, Arizona
Notes
{{Reflist}}
References
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20130406130712/http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/conteo2005/localidad/iter/ Link to tables of population data from Census of 2005] INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20081201232501/http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_sonora Sonora] Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México
External links
{{Commons category|Magdalena de Kino}}
- {{in lang|es}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20070205075159/http://magdalenadekino.net/ Official website of Magdalena de Kino, Sonora]
- {{in lang|en|es}} {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20051215161236/http://www.gotosonora.com/magdalena-son-mx.htm Tourism Commission of Sonora — About Magdalena de Kino]}}
- {{in lang|en}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20100630231053/http://parentseyes.arizona.edu/missions/Magdalena.html Mission Santa Maria Magdalena] — and Padre Kino's tomb.
{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|30|37|N|111|03|W|type:city|display=title}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Magdalena De Kino}}