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:Mandal (surname)

{{short description|Indic surname}}

{{Distinguish|text=the surnames Mandala (disambiguation)#People{{!}}Mandala and Mondale (surname){{!}}Mondale}}

{{Use Indian English|date=April 2024}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}

{{Infobox surname

|name = Mandal

|pronunciation = man-dal
mon-dol

|imagesize =

|caption =

|meaning = Circle

|region = {{flag|Bangladesh}}
{{flag|India}}
{{flag|Nepal}}

|origin =

|variant = Mondal, Mondol

|footnotes =

}}

Mandal, also spelled Mondal, is an honorific title that was used for local chieftains in present-day Bangladesh, India and Nepal. The title was usually hereditary and so, in modern times, the term is a common surname for both males and females.

Meaning

The word "mandal" has various meanings depending upon the context, such as circle, orb, disc, ring, sphere, globe, orbit, province, assemblage or zone.{{Cite web|title=মন্ডল - English Meaning of 'মন্ডল' at english-bangla.com {{!}} মন্ডল শব্দের ইংরেজি অর্থ|url=https://www.english-bangla.com/bntoen/index/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%B2|access-date=22 September 2021|website=www.english-bangla.com|language=en}} A mandal was an administrative circle under a district or revenue division, similar to a tehsil, in many parts of South Asia. Originally this honorary title was given to the Administrator of provincial government. 'Mukhiya' or headman of a village was also conferred with this title.{{Cite book|last=Saha|first=Prabhat Kumar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6WtuAAAAMAAJ&q=Gandhabanik|title=Some Aspects of Malla Rule in Bishnupur, 1590-1806 A.D.|date=1995|publisher=Ratnabali|pages=109|language=en}} Sometimes this designation meant the person who as a representative of the Zamindar used to distribute land and also collect the revenue. {{Cite web|title=Bengali Surnames|url=http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/28560/1/ALIS_6%283%29_81-91.pdf}}

Class and community

For the upper classes in Bengal, family surnames date from the arrival of the British in the eighteenth century or earlier. Gregory Clark found Mandal as one of the common surnames among petitioners to the East India Company courts.{{Cite book |last1=Iversen |first1=Vegard |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E1lVEAAAQBAJ |title=Social Mobility in Developing Countries: Concepts, Methods, and Determinants |last2=Krishna |first2=Anirudh |last3=Sen |first3=Kunal |date=6 January 2022 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-289685-8 |pages=289 |language=en}} Sudarshana Bhaumik noted Mandal was one of the titles among Aguri feudal lords.{{Cite book |last=Bhaumik |first=Sudarshana |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bKh4EAAAQBAJ |title=The Changing World of Caste and Hierarchy in Bengal: Depiction from the Mangalkavyas c. 1700–1931 |date=26 August 2022 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-000-64143-1 |pages=48}} In some parts of Bengal, especially in Bankura, few Brahmins use Mondal surname.{{Cite book |last=Khagendranath Bhowmik |url=http://archive.org/details/padabir-utpotti-o-kromobikash-by-khagendranath-bhowmik |title=পদবীর উৎপত্তি ও ক্রমবিকাশের ইতিহাস ।। খগেন্দ্রনাথ ভৌমিক |date=1982 |pages=Division D(ঘ), 23}} Lokeshwar Basu noticed Mandal surname among a section of Kayastha and Suvarna Banik.{{Cite book |last=Basu |first=Lokeśvara |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7i2vmXzAay0C |title=Āmādera padabīra itihāsa |date=1981 |publisher=Ānanda |isbn=978-81-7066-601-1 |pages=69, 82 |language=bn}}{{Cite news |date=17 September 2001 |title=Baniks of Bengal |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/baniks-of-bengal/articleshow/1226860775.cms |access-date=24 April 2024 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}} Mondal surname is commonly found among trading and peasant communities like Baishya Saha, Mahishya, Sadgop, Tili and some OBC castes.{{Cite book |last=Bhowmick |first=P. K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AsUJAQAAIAAJ |title=Socio-cultural Profile of Frontier Bengal |date=1976 |publisher=Punthi Pustak |pages=30 |language=en}} Mandal is also a Scheduled Castes surname, many from which has now become "social elite", according to Clark.{{Cite book |last=Clark |first=Gregory |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p22YDwAAQBAJ |title=The Son Also Rises: Surnames and the History of Social Mobility |date=25 August 2015 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-16837-1 |pages=149, 164 |language=en}} It is also in vogue among Bengali Muslims and some Christians.{{Cite book |last1=Jha |first1=Sadan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WagqEAAAQBAJ |title=Neighbourhoods in Urban India: In Between Home and the City |last2=Pathak |first2=Dev Nath |last3=Das |first3=Amiya Kumar |date=30 April 2021 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-93-90252-64-0 |language=en}}

In Bihar, Dhanuk, Gangota, Kurmi, Kushwaha and Yadav communities,{{cite book |last1=Bose |first1=Ruma |title=Walking with Pilgrims: The Kanwar Pilgrimage of Bihar, Jharkhand and the Terai of Nepal |date=23 September 2019 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-73250-4 |page=164 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DUuxDwAAQBAJ&dq=mandal+surname+dhanuk&pg=PT164}}{{cite book |last1=Sinha |first1=Surajit |title=Anthropology of Weaker Sections |date=1993 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=978-81-7022-491-4 |pages=206, 207 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pjVdJMBeXU8C&dq=mandal+surname+kurmi+yadav&pg=PA207 |language=en}}{{Cite book |last1=Somanaboina |first1=Simhadri |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H5tIEAAAQBAJ |title=The Routledge Handbook of the Other Backward Classes in India: Thought, Movements and Development |last2=Ramagoud |first2=Akhileshwari |date=15 November 2021 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-000-46280-7 |language=en}}{{cite web|url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/bihar/patna/jdu-mla-gopal-mandal-latest-news-of-jatigat-janganana-and-tarkishore-prasad-news-skt|website=prabhatkhabar.com|title=

जातिगत जनगणना के बाद मंत्री बनने का दावा ठोकेंगे जदयू विधायक|date=28 August 2021 |accessdate=3 September 2023}} and in Orissa some Karan use this surname.

Notable people

Families

Fictional characters

See also

References

{{Reflist}}

{{surname|Mandal}}

Category:Surnames of Indian origin