:Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan
{{short description|Pakistani politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = bn
| image = TamizuddinKhan.jpg
| office = Speaker of the National Assembly
| deputy = Mohammad Afzal Cheema
| term_start = 11 June 1962
| term_end = 19 August 1963
| predecessor = Abdul Wahab Khan
| successor = Fazlul Qadir Chaudhry
| deputy1 = M.H. Gazder
| term_start1 = 14 December 1948
| term_end1 = 24 October 1954
| predecessor1 = Mohammad Ali Jinnah
| successor1 = Abdul Wahab Khan
| birth_date = March 1889
| birth_place = Rajbari, Bengal, British India
| death_date = {{death date and age|1963|08|19|1889|03|df=y}}
| death_place = Dacca, East Pakistan, Pakistan
| party = Muslim League (1915–1963)
Indian National Congress (1921–1926)
| alma_mater = Presidency College, Kolkata
Surendranath College
University of Calcutta
| children = Razia Khan (daughter)
| relatives = Aasha Mehreen Amin (granddaughter)
| office1 =
| termstart2 = 23 February 1948
| termend2 = 23 February 1948
| office2 = Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan
| successor2 = Office established
| predecessor2 = Office established
| office3 = Member of the Central Legislative Assembly
| term_start3 = 1945
| term_end3 = 1947
| constituency3 = Dacca cum Mymensingh
| predecessor3 = Abdul Halim Ghaznavi
}}
Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan (M. T. Khan; March 1889 – 19 August 1963){{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BI8djXHMoDIC&q=Maulvi+Tamizuddin+Khan+march+1889|title=Council Debates: Official Report|last=Council|first=West Bengal (India) Legislature Legislative|date=1963|publisher=West Bengal Government Press|language=bn}}{{cite book |last=Islam |first=Sirajul |year=2012 |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=Asiatic Society of Bangladesh|chapter=Khan, Tamizuddin|chapter-url=https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Khan,_Tamizuddin |editor2-first=Manzur |editor2-last=Ahsan}} was the Speaker of Pakistan's Constituent Assembly from 1948 to 1954 and National Assembly of Pakistan between 1962 and 1963.{{Cite web|url=http://www.findpk.com/yp/NA/SPEAKERS-PRESIDENTS-of-Pakistan.htm|title=SPEAKERS|website=www.findpk.com|access-date=2017-11-23}}
Early life
Khan was born in March 1889 to the Bengali Muslim Khan family of Khankhanapur in Rajbari, then part of the Faridpur district of the Bengal Presidency.{{cite book|title=Biographical Encyclopedia of Pakistan|page=45|publisher=Biographical Research Institute|location=Pakistan|year=1960}} His father was a farmer with only three acres of land. After completing his education at the Khankhanapur High School, he got enrolled at the University of Calcutta. He completed his master's in English from the Presidency College, Calcutta in 1913 and LLB in 1915 from Rippon College and started his legal profession in Faridpur. making him the first Muslim from Faridpur district to complete master's degree.
Career
Khan joined non-cooperation movement led by Gandhi when he was a student.{{Cite news |date=2014-08-22|title=The Forgotten Trailblazer|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/the-forgotten-trailblazer-37938|access-date=2021-02-17|work=The Daily Star|language=en}} Later he joined the Indian National Congress and subsequently joined khilafat movement in 1921 and was arrested and sent to Faridpur jail and later was shifted to Central jail in Dhaka. At that time, he was an ardent follower of Chittaranjan Das.{{cite web|last=Khan|first= Razia|date=2009-08-14|title= Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan: A Celebration Of Courage|url=https://bangladeshonrecord.com/maulvi-tamizuddin-khan-a-celebration-of-courage|work= Bangladesh on Record|access-date=2022-02-09}}
Khan was elected vice-chairman of Faridpur Municipality. In 1926, he got elected to the Bengal Legislative Assembly from Faridpur. Khan left Congress in 1926 as he thought that the party was biased towards the Hindus He later became the secretary of the Anjuman-i-Islamia and subsequently joined the Muslim League.
He competed on a Muslim League ticket in the 1937 election and defeated the Congressional candidate convincingly. Between 1937 and 1947, Khan served twice as Minister of Health, Agriculture, Industry and Education in Bengal.{{Cite magazine|title=Memoirs of a Patriot|url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/magazine/2004/07/05/event.htm|access-date=2021-02-17|magazine=Star Weekend Magazine}}
Khan created history when the Constituent Assembly was dismissed by Governor General Ghulam Mohammad in 1954. Khan challenged the dismissal in the court and the case was filed in the morning of 7 November 1954, by Advocate Manzar-e-Alam.{{cite book|title=The Test of Time: My Life and Days by Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan, Chapter Six |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gCsNAAAAIAAJ&q=Advocate+Manzar-e-Alam |last1 = Khan|first1 = Tamizuddin|year = 1989}} Although the High Court agreed and overturned it, the Federal Court under Justice Muhammad Munir upheld the dismissal. He had been president of the Basic Principles Committee set up in 1949.
"Justice A. R. Cornelius was the sole dissenting judge in the landmark judgment handed down by the Supreme Court in the Maulvi Tamizuddin case. That judgment altered the course of politics in Pakistan forever and sealed the fate of democracy. The law had guided him as he had interpreted it and his conscience."For the Love of Cricket' by Omar Kureishi {{cite magazine |url=http://www.dawn.com/weekly/dmag/archive/040718/dmag18.htm |title=For the love of cricket |magazine=Dawn Magazine |access-date=2008-12-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905183415/http://www.dawn.com/weekly/dmag/archive/040718/dmag18.htm |archive-date=2008-09-05 }}
The decision to uphold the dismissal of the constituent assembly was to mark the beginning of the overt role of Pakistan's military and civil establishment in Pakistani politics.{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705134254/http://www.na.gov.pk/history.htm|url=http://www.na.gov.pk/history.htm|archive-date=2008-07-05|access-date=2017-11-23|title=Parlamientary History|website=na.gov.pk}}
{{further|Federation of Pakistan v. Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan}}
Personal life
Khan's daughters were Razia Khan and Qulsum Huda Khan.{{Cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-216442|title=Those who passed on…|date=2012-01-01|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2018-08-24|language=en}}{{Cite magazine |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/magazine/2008/08/01/remembrance.htm|title=Dr. M.N. Huda : As I knew him|magazine=Star Weekend Magazine|publisher=The Daily Star|date=2008-08-01|access-date=2018-08-24}} Razia was an Ekushey Padak winning writer and poet,{{Cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/razia-khan-amins-2nd-anniversary-of-death-today-4332|title=Razia Khan Amin's 2nd anniversary of death today|date=2013-12-28|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2018-08-24|language=en}} and married to Anwarul Amin Makhon, the youngest son of former Prime Minister of Pakistan Nurul Amin.{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/daily-star-books/news/anwarul-amins-memoir-revisits-the-first-bangladeshi-bank-established-abroad-2920311|title=Anwarul Amin’s memoir revisits the first Bangladeshi bank established abroad|date=18 December 2021|author=Syeda, Maisha|work=The Daily Star (Bangladesh)}} They have a son named Kaiser Tamiz Amin and a daughter named Aasha Mehreen Amin.{{citation|title=ব্যাঙ্কারদের সামাজিক দায়বদ্ধতা ও মানবিকতা|work=রাস্তা থেকে বলছি|year=2011|author=Mazumder, Ershad|language=bn}}{{cite news|url=https://www.newsg24.com/feature-news/8078/|title=সাহিত্যিক রাজিয়া খানের জন্মদিন আজ|language=bn|work=NewsG24|date=16 February 2022}} On the other hand, Qulsum was one of the founders and vice-chancellors of Central Women's University.{{Cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/city/simeens-works-beacon-light-1569250|title=Simeen's works a beacon of light|date=2018-04-29|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2018-08-24|language=en}}
References
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Speaker National Assembly Pakistan}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Khan, Maulvi Tamizuddin}}
Category:People from Rajbari District
Category:Politicians from Dhaka Division
Category:Surendranath College alumni
Category:University of Calcutta alumni
Category:Krishak Sramik Party politicians
Category:Speakers of the National Assembly of Pakistan
Category:Pakistani MNAs 1947–1954
Category:Bengal MLAs 1937–1945
Category:Members of the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan
Category:Members of the Central Legislative Assembly of India