:Negative list of foreign investment in China

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Negative list is a management model of foreign investment established in China and legalized by the Foreign Investment Law of the People's Republic of China, which comes into effect on January 1, 2020. It refers to special administrative measures for the access of foreign investment in certain industries or areas. The Chinese government gives national treatment to foreign investment beyond the negative list, which is issued by or upon approval by China's central government, the State Council.{{Cite web|url=http://mg.mofcom.gov.cn/article/policy/201909/20190902898870.shtml|title=Foreign Investment Law of the People's Republic of China|last=|first=|date=|website=mofcom.gov.cn|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-11-27}} Industries not on the list are open for investment to all businesses and will not require pre-approval by the Chinese government.{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2019/11/22/business/22reuters-china-economy-investment.html|title=China Trims 'Negative' Investment List in Show of Opening Up|last=|first=|date=|website=The New York Times|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-11-29}} The first trial version of the negative list was issued in 2016 in four provincial regions with pilot free trade zones{{Cite web|url=http://mg.mofcom.gov.cn/article/chinanews/201912/20191202926170.shtml|title=La taille de la zone franche de Shanghai a quadruplé|last=|first=|date=|website=mofcom.gov.cn|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-11-29}} (FTZs). It was extended to another 11 provinces and cities in 2017, and a nationwide list was issued a year later.{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-economy-investment-idUSKCN1OO0CU|title=China issues nationwide 'negative' investment list|date=2018-12-25|work=Reuters|access-date=2019-11-29|language=en}} On November 22, 2019, China issued its 2019 version of the unified negative list for market access.{{Cite web|url=http://tfs.mofcom.gov.cn/article/bc/201911/20191102916059.shtml|title=市场准入负面清单（2019年版）|last=|first=|date=|website=mofcom.gov.cn|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-11-27}} It replaces the previous regime of foreign investment administration, in which the government would designate certain sectors as open before a foreign investor could participate in.{{Cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/7e796b92-46bf-11e9-b168-96a37d002cd3|title=China passes law in bid to ease overseas investor concerns|last=|first=|date=|website=FT.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-11-29}}