:Octave Boudouard

Octave Leopold Boudouard became a professor at the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers in Paris. He worked in various fields of applied chemistry, such as the chemistry of fuels and clays. His most important work was his research into chemical equilibria when reducing iron oxides in a blast furnace.{{sfn|Boudouard, Octave-Léopold}} In 1901 he proposed the first theory of the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide, where he considered that metal oxide was reacting with carbon.{{sfn|Kemball|Dowden|1978|p=53}} In 1905 Boudouard identified the Boudouard reaction, where carbon and carbon dioxide combine to form carbon monoxide at high temperatures, while the reverse occurs at lower temperatures.{{sfn|Holleman|Wiber|Wiberg|2001|pp=810-811}} In 1912 he published a paper on the odors of Paris, researching the chemicals polluting the air of that city.{{sfn|Barnes|2006|p=300}}

{{main|Boudouard reaction}}

The Boudouard reaction is:

::2CO {{eqm}} CO₂ + C

Boudouard found that when an excess of coke reacts with air or metal oxides, below about 400°C this produces carbon dioxide and soot, while at temperatures above 1,000°C it produces carbon monoxide. Between these extremes a mixture of the carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and soot is produced {{sfn|Holleman|Wiber|Wiberg|2001|pp=811}} Understanding the reaction is a significant factor in the design of blast furnaces where the goal is to maximize use of fuel while minimizing production of soot.{{sfn|Zeman|Lackner|2006}}

• {{cite journal |last1=Le Chatelier |first1=H. |last2=Boudouard |first2=O. |year=1898

|title=Limits of Flammability of Gaseous Mixtures |journal=Bulletin de la Société Chimique de France |location=Paris |volume=19 |pages=483–488}}

• {{cite book |title=Mesure des températures élevées |first1=H. |last1=Le Chatelier |first2=O. |last2=Boudouard |year=1900

|url=https://archive.org/details/mesuredestempr00lechuoft|location=Paris |publisher=G. Carré et C. Naud}}

• {{cite book|last1=Chatelier|first1=Henri Le|last2=Boudouard|first2=Octave|last3=Burgess|first3=George Kimball|title=High-temperature measurements|url=https://archive.org/details/hightemperature02burggoog|access-date=2013-05-17|year=1912|publisher=Wiley}}
• {{cite book |title=Paul Schutzenberger et l'isotopie |first=O. |last=Boudouard |year=1922}}

Notes

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Citations

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Sources

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• {{cite book|last=Barnes|first=David S.|title=The Great Stink of Paris and the Nineteenth-Century Struggle Against Filth and Germs

|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=khptROSVZZoC&pg=PA300|access-date=2013-05-17

|date=2006-05-17|publisher=JHU Press|isbn=978-0-8018-8349-1}}

• {{cite web |ref={{harvid|Boudouard, Octave-Léopold}} |url=http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/octave-leopold-boudouard/

|title=Boudouard, Octave-Léopold|website=Trecanni|access-date=2013-05-17|language=fr}}

• {{cite book|last1=Holleman|first1=Arnold F.|last2=Wiber|first2=Egon|last3=Wiberg|first3=Nils|title=Inorganic Chemistry

|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vEwj1WZKThEC&pg=PA810|access-date=17 May 2013

|year=2001|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-12-352651-9|page=810}}

• {{cite book|last1=Kemball|first1=Charles|last2=Dowden|first2=D. A.|title=Catalysis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7LATFjkYF5QC&pg=PA53|access-date=2013-05-17

|date=1978-01-01|publisher=Royal Society of Chemistry|isbn=978-0-85186-544-7|page=53}}

• {{cite journal |url=http://wordpress.ei.columbia.edu/lenfest/files/2012/11/ZEMAN_LACKNER_2006.pdf |journal=Pollution Control |date=May 2006

|last1=Zeman |first1=Frank S |last2=Lackner |first2=Klaus S |access-date=2013-05-17|title=The Zero Emission Kiln}}

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Category:1872 births

Category:1923 deaths

Category:20th-century French chemists