:Old World
{{short description|Synonym of Afro-Eurasia}}
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File:LocationAfricaEurasia.png
File:Cosmographia Claudii Ptolomaei ante 1467 (7455943) (cropped).jpg in a 15th-century copy)]]
File:T and O map Guntherus Ziner 1472.jpg, from the first printed version of Isidore's Etymologiae (Augsburg, 1472), identifies the three known continents (Asia, Europe and Africa) as respectively populated by descendants of Sem (Shem), Iafeth (Japheth) and Cham (Ham).]]
The "Old World" ({{Langx|la|Mundus vetus}}) is a term for Afro-Eurasia coined by Europeans after 1493, when they became aware of the existence of the Americas.{{cite web |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/old-world?show=2&t=1417643287 |title=Old World |publisher=Merriam-Webster |access-date=3 December 2014 |archive-date=2 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402221403/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/old-world?show=2&t=1417643287 |url-status=live }} It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia in the Eastern Hemisphere, previously thought of by the Europeans as comprising the entire world, with the "New World", a term for the newly encountered lands of the Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas.{{cite web |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/new%20world |title=New world |publisher=Merriam-Webster Dictionary |access-date=2 April 2013 |archive-date=2 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402204654/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/New |url-status=live }}
Etymology
In the context of archaeology and world history, the term "Old World" includes those parts of the world which were in (indirect) cultural contact from the Bronze Age onwards, resulting in the parallel development of the early civilizations, mostly in the temperate zone between roughly the 45th and 25th parallels north, in the area of the Mediterranean, including North Africa. It also included Mesopotamia, the Persian plateau, the Indian subcontinent, China, and parts of Sub-Saharan Africa.
These regions were connected via the Silk Road trade route, and they had a pronounced Iron Age period following the Bronze Age. In cultural terms, the Iron Age was accompanied by the so-called Axial Age, referring to cultural, philosophical and religious developments eventually leading to the emergence of the historical Western (Hellenism, "classical"), Near Eastern (Zoroastrian and Abrahamic) and Far Eastern (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Confucianism, Taoism) cultural spheres.
Other names
The mainland of Afro-Eurasia (excluding islands or island groups such as the British Isles, Japan, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and the Malay Archipelago) has been referred to as the World Island. The term may have been coined by Sir Halford John Mackinder in The Geographical Pivot of History.See Francis P. Sempa, [http://www.unc.edu/depts/diplomat/AD_Issues/amdipl_14/sempa_mac2.html "Mackinder's World"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303185750/http://www.unc.edu/depts/diplomat/AD_Issues/amdipl_14/sempa_mac2.html |date=3 March 2016 }}. American Diplomacy (UNC.edu). Retrieved 8 September 2018.
References
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{{Continents of the world|state=collapsed}}
{{Regions of the world}}
{{Indigenous peoples by continent}}
{{Western world}}
{{Eastern world}}
{{Portal bar|Geography}}
Category:16th-century neologisms
Category:Country classifications
Category:Cultural history of Asia