:Proliferating trichilemmal cyst
{{Infobox medical condition (new)
| name = Proliferating trichilemmal cyst
| synonyms = Pilar tumor, proliferating follicular cystic neoplasm, proliferating pilar tumor, and proliferating trichilemmal tumor
| image = SkinTumors-P8240657.JPG
| alt =
| caption = Proliferating tricholemmal (pilar) cyst
| pronounce =
| field = Dermatology
| symptoms =
| complications =
| onset =
| duration =
| types =
| causes =
| risks =
| diagnosis =
| differential =
| prevention =
| treatment =
| medication =
| prognosis =
| frequency =
| deaths =
}}
Proliferating trichilemmal cysts (also known as a pilar tumor, proliferating follicular cystic neoplasm, proliferating pilar tumor, and proliferating trichilemmal tumor){{cite book |author=Rapini, Ronald P. |author2=Bolognia, Jean L. |author3=Jorizzo, Joseph L. |title=Dermatology: 2-Volume Set |publisher=Mosby |location=St. Louis |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-4160-2999-1 }} is a cutaneous condition, characterized by proliferations of squamous cells forming scroll-like structures.{{cite book |author=James, William D. |author2=Berger, Timothy G.|title=Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology |publisher=Saunders Elsevier |year=2006 |isbn=0-7216-2921-0 |display-authors=etal}}{{rp|678}}
Signs and symptoms
The tumors, which are typically found in regions like the scalp with a high density of hair follicles, can be solid or solid cystic. Proliferating trichilemmal cyst frequently manifests clinically as a subcutaneous nodule that gradually grows into a big nodular mass. Rapid growth in some cases may be a sign of malignant development into cancer.{{cite journal | last1=Valerio | first1=Ediel | last2=Parro | first2=Fernando Henrique Sgarbi | last3=Macedo | first3=Mariana Petaccia de | last4=Pinto | first4=Clovis Antonio Lopes | title=Proliferating trichilemmal cyst with clinical, radiological, macroscopic, and microscopic correlation | journal=Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia | publisher=FapUNIFESP (SciELO) | volume=94 | issue=4 | year=2019 | issn=1806-4841 | doi=10.1590/abd1806-4841.20198199 | pages=452–454| pmid=31644620 | pmc=7007035 }}
Diagnosis
Histologically, Proliferating trichilemmal cysts are distinguished by trichilemmal keratinization, which is the sudden change from nucleated epithelium to anucleated keratinized cells without a granular layer. The differential diagnosis include trichilemmal cyst and Turban tumor.{{cite journal | last1=Chang | first1=S.J. | last2=Sims | first2=J. | last3=Murtagh | first3=F.R. | last4=McCaffrey | first4=J.C. | last5=Messina | first5=J.L. | title=Proliferating Trichilemmal Cysts of the Scalp on CT | journal=American Journal of Neuroradiology | volume=27 | issue=3 | date=2006-03-01 | issn=0195-6108 | pmid=16552022 | pages=712–714 | pmc=7976987 | url=https://www.ajnr.org/content/27/3/712 | access-date=2024-05-11}}
Treatment
Epidemiology
Proliferating trichilemmal cysts make up 0.1% of all skin tumors.{{cite journal | last1=Capurso-García | first1=Marino Antonio | last2=Bautista-Piña | first2=Verónica | last3=Pomerantz | first3=Alan | last4=Galnares-Olalde | first4=Javier Andrés | last5=Blachman-Braun | first5=Ruben | last6=Rodríguez-Rodríguez | first6=Sergio | last7=Goldberg-Murow | first7=Monica | title=Atypical Proliferating Trichilemmal Cyst with Malignant Breast Skin Transformation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature | journal=Case Reports in Oncological Medicine | publisher=Hindawi Limited | volume=2016 | year=2016 | issn=2090-6706 | doi=10.1155/2016/7481569 | doi-access=free | pages=1–4| pmid=27403361 | pmc=4923530 }} Most patients with these tumors are older women, and 90% of patients with these lesions appear on the scalp.{{cite journal | last1=Deshmukh | first1=BhaktiD | last2=Kulkarni | first2=MedhaP | last3=Momin | first3=YasminA | last4=Sulhyan | first4=KalpanaR | title=Malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumor: A case report and review of literature | journal=Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics | volume=10 | issue=3 | date=2014 | issn=0973-1482 | doi=10.4103/0973-1482.136036 | doi-access=free | page=767| pmid=25313781 }}
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
Further reading
- {{cite journal | last1=Kearns-Turcotte | first1=Sélia | last2=Thériault | first2=Mimi | last3=Blouin | first3=Marie-Michèle | title=Malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumors arising in patients with multiple trichilemmal cysts: A case series | journal=JAAD Case Reports | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=22 | year=2022 | issn=2352-5126 | doi=10.1016/j.jdcr.2022.01.033 | pages=42–46 | pmid=35310136 | pmc=8924508 | ref=none}}
- {{cite journal | last1=Sharma | first1=Reena | last2=Verma | first2=Prashant | last3=Yadav | first3=Pravesh | last4=Sharma | first4=Sonal | title=Proliferating trichilemmal tumor of scalp: Benign or malignant, A dilemma | journal=Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery | publisher=Medknow | volume=5 | issue=3 | year=2012 | issn=0974-2077 | doi=10.4103/0974-2077.101394 | doi-access=free | page=213 | ref=none| pmc=3483585 }}
External links
- [https://dermnetnz.org/topics/proliferating-trichilemmal-cyst DermNet]
- [https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/skintumornonmelanocyticpilartumor.html Pathology Outlines]
{{Medical resources
| ICD11 = {{ICD11|XH7WJ7}}
| ICD10 = {{ICD10|L72.1}}
| ICD10CM = {{ICD10CM|L72.12}}
| ICD9 =
| ICDO =
| OMIM =
| MeshID =
| DiseasesDB =
| SNOMED CT = 254678009
| Curlie =
| MedlinePlus =
| eMedicineSubj = article
| eMedicineTopic = 1060682
| PatientUK =
| NCI =
| GeneReviewsNBK =
| GeneReviewsName =
| NORD =
| GARDNum = 4509
| GARDName = Proliferating trichilemmal cyst
| RP = 56540
| AO =
| WO =
| OrthoInfo =
| Orphanet = 492
| Scholia = Q7249604
| OB =
}}
{{Tumors of skin appendages}}