:Reinecke's salt

{{chembox

|Verifiedfields = changed

|Watchedfields = changed

|verifiedrevid = 464380578

|Name = Reinecke's salt

|ImageFile =Reinecke's salt V1.svg

|ImageSize = 300px

|ImageAlt = Structural formulas of the ammonium cation and the tetrathiocyanato-diamminechromate(III) anion

|ImageFile2 = Reinecke's-salt.jpg

|ImageAlt2 = Red powder on a watch glass

|IUPACName = ammonium (OC-6-11)-diamminetetrakis(thiocyanato-N)chromate(1−)

|OtherNames = ammonium tetrathiocyanato-
diamminechromate(III),

Reinecke salt,

ammonium reineckate

|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers

|InChI = 1/4CNS.Cr.3H3N.H2O/c4*2-1-3;;;;;/h;;;;;3*1H3;1H2/q4*-1;+3;;;;/p+1/rC4H6CrN6S4.H3N.H2O/c6-5(7,8-1-12,9-2-13,10-3-14)11-4-15;;/h6-7H3;1H3;1H2/q-1;;/p+1

|InChIKey = GXUDINOISGOIAV-JJHXSEQHAU

|SMILES = [NH4+].S=C=N/[Cr-3]([NH3+])([NH3+])(/N=C=S)(/N=C=S)/N=C=S.O

|StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

|StdInChI = 1S/4CNS.Cr.3H3N.H2O/c4*2-1-3;;;;;/h;;;;;3*1H3;1H2/q4*-1;+3;;;;/p+1

|StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

|StdInChIKey = GXUDINOISGOIAV-UHFFFAOYSA-O

|CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}

|CASNo = 13573-16-5

|EINECS = 237-003-3

|UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

|UNII = JL96S212CS

|ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

|ChemSpiderID =21106473

|PubChem = 159682

}}

|Section2={{Chembox Properties

|Formula = {{chem2|C4H12N7OCrS4}}

|MolarMass = 354.42 g/mol

|Appearance = dark red solid

|Density = 1.49 g/cm3{{cite journal|last1=Saito |first1=Y. |last2=Takeuchi |first2=Y. |last3=Pepinsky |first3=R. |title=The Crystal Structure of Ammonium Reineckate |journal=Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Kristallgeometrie, Kristallphysik, Kristallchemie|date =1955 |volume= 106 |issue=1–6 |pages=476–477 |doi=10.1524/zkri.1954.106.16.476|s2cid=101134761 }}

|Solubility = soluble in hot water

|MeltingPtC = 270

|BoilingPt = decomposes

}}

|Section3={{Chembox Structure

|Coordination = octahedral

|Dipole = 0 D

}}

|Section4={{Chembox Hazards

|MainHazards = toxic

|GHSPictograms = {{GHS07}}{{GHS09}}

|GHSSignalWord = Warning

|HPhrases = {{H-phrases|302|312|332|410}}

|PPhrases = {{P-phrases|261|264|270|271|273|280|301+312|302+352|304+312|304+340|312|322|330|363|391|501}}

}}

|Section5={{Chembox Related

|OtherCompounds = [Co(NH3)6]Cl3,
KSCN,
Chromium(III) chloride

}}

}}

Reinecke's salt is an inorganic compound with the formula {{chem2|NH4[Cr(NCS)4(NH3)2*H2O}}. The dark-red crystalline compound is soluble in boiling water, acetone, and ethanol.{{cite journal|first1=T. |last1=Peppel |first2=C. |last2=Schmidt |first3= M.|last3= Köckerling |title=Synthesis, Properties, and Structures of Salts with the Reineckate Anion, [CrIII(NCS)4(NH3)2], and Large Organic Cations |journal=Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie |date=2011 |volume=637 |issue=10 |pages=1314–1321 |doi=10.1002/zaac.201100091}} It can be classified as a metal isothiocyanate complex.

Structure, preparation, reactions

The chromium atom is surrounded by six nitrogen atoms in an octahedral geometry. The {{chem2|NH3}} ligands are mutually trans and the {{chem2|Cr\-NCS}} groups are linear. The salt crystallizes with one molecule of water.

It was first reported in 1863.{{cite journal|last=Reinecke|first= A. |title=Über Rhodanchromammonium-Verbindungen |journal=Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie|volume=126|pages=113–118 |date=1863 |doi=10.1002/jlac.18631260116|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1427195}} {{chem2|NH4[Cr(NCS)4(NH3)2}} is prepared by treatment of molten {{chem2|NH4SCN}} (melting point around {{convert|145–150|C|F}}) with {{chem2|(NH4)2Cr2O7|link=Ammonium dichromate}}.{{OrgSynth |last=Dakin |first=H. D. |title=Reinecke Salt |volume=15 |page=74 |year=1935 |doi=10.15227/orgsyn.015.0074}}

This salt was once widely used to precipitate primary and secondary amines as their ammonium salts. Included in the amines that effectively form crystalline precipitates are those derived from the amino acids, including proline and hydroxyproline. It also reacts with {{chem2|Hg^{+2} }} compounds, giving a red color or a red precipitate.

References