:Ring forming reaction
{{Short description|Type of reaction in organic chemistry}}
A ring forming reaction or ring-closing reaction in organic chemistry is an umbrella term for a variety of reactions that introduce one or more rings into a molecule. A heterocycle forming reaction is a reaction that introduces a new heterocycle.{{GoldBookRef |title=Heterocyclic compounds |file=H02798|year=1995}}{{Katritzky2nd}}
Important classes of ring forming reactions include annulations{{GoldBookRef|title=annulation|file=A00367}} and cycloadditions. Heterocyclic compounds are useful in spectroscopic identification of compounds, purity criteria, and investigating the molecular electronic structures.{{Cite web |date=2024-09-02 |title=Heterocyclic compound - Melting, Boiling, Points {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/heterocyclic-compound/Melting-and-boiling-points#ref1004814 |access-date=2024-10-05 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}
Named ring forming reactions
Named ring forming reactions include (not exhaustive):
- Azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition
- Bischler–Napieralski reaction
- Bucherer carbazole synthesis
- Danheiser annulation
- Dieckmann condensation
- Diels–Alder reaction
- Feist–Benary synthesis
- Fiesselmann thiophene synthesis
- Fischer indole synthesis
- Gewald reaction
- Hantzsch pyridine synthesis
- Larock indole synthesis
- Paal–Knorr synthesis
- Pictet–Spengler reaction
- Pomeranz–Fritsch reaction
- Ring-closing metathesis
- Robinson annulation
- Skraup reaction
References
Further reading
- Michael B. Smith & Jerry March, 2007, "March's Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure," 6th Ed., New York, NY, USA:Wiley & Sons, {{ISBN|0470084944}}, see [https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0470084944], accessed 19 June 2015.
- László Kürti & Barbara Czakó, 2005, "Strategic Applications of Named Reactions in Organic Synthesis: Background and Detailed Mechanisms, Amsterdam, NH, NLD:Elsevier Academic Press, 2005ISBN 0124297854, see [https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0124297854], accessed 19 June 2015.