:Saint Seiya
{{Short description|Japanese manga series and its franchise}}
{{About|the manga series|its title character|Pegasus Seiya}}
{{Redirect|Knights of the Zodiac|the 2023 live-action film|Knights of the Zodiac (film)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox animanga/Header
| image = Saint Seiya 1.png
| caption = First {{Transliteration|ja|tankōbon}} volume cover, featuring Pegasus Seiya
| ja_kanji = {{ruby-ja|聖闘士星矢|セイントセイヤ}}
| ja_romaji = Seinto Seiya
| genre = {{ubl|Fantasy{{cite web|url=https://www.viz.com/knights-of-the-zodiac-saint-seiya|title=The Official Website for Knights of the Zodiac (Saint Seiya)|publisher=Viz Media|access-date=October 28, 2017|archive-date=February 27, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110227201945/https://www.viz.com/knights-of-the-zodiac-saint-seiya|url-status=live}}|Martial arts{{cite web|last=Toole|first=Mike|title=Saint Seiya vol. 1|url=http://www.animejump.com/index.php?module=prodreviews&func=showcontent&id=480|website=Anime Jump|access-date=June 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060510021854/http://www.animejump.com/index.php?module=prodreviews&func=showcontent&id=480|archive-date=May 10, 2006|date=February 18, 2004}}|Mythological{{cite web|last=Loo|first=Egan|title=Masami Kurumada Hints at New Ring ni Kakero Work|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2009-03-12/masami-kurumada-hints-at-new-ring-ni-kakero-work|website=Anime News Network|access-date=July 29, 2018|quote=Kurumada is best known around the world for the Saint Seiya mythological manga and its various anime|date=March 12, 2009|archive-date=July 29, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180729174138/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2009-03-12/masami-kurumada-hints-at-new-ring-ni-kakero-work|url-status=live}}}}
}}
{{Infobox animanga/Print
| type = manga
| author = Masami Kurumada
| publisher = Shueisha
| publisher_en = {{English manga publisher
| NA = Viz Media
}}
| demographic = {{Transliteration|ja|Shōnen}}
| imprint = Jump Comics
| magazine = {{ubl|Weekly Shōnen Jump|V Jump {{noitalic|(last chapter)}}}}
| first = December 3, 1985
| last = December 12, 1990
| volumes = 28
| volume_list = List of Saint Seiya chapters (series)
}}
{{collapsed infobox section begin}}
{{Infobox animanga/Video
| type = tv series
| director = {{ubl|Kōzō Morishita (1–73)|Kazuhito Kikuchi (74–114)}}
| producer = {{ubl|Chiaki Imada|Hiroshi Takeda|Kazuo Yokoyama|Masayoshi Kawata|Yoshifumi Hatano}}
| writer = {{ubl|Takao Koyama (1–73)|Yoshiyuki Suga (74–114)}}
| music = Seiji Yokoyama
| studio = Toei Animation
| licensee = Crunchyroll
| network_en = {{English anime network
| AU = Cartoon Network
| CA = YTV
| US = Cartoon Network, Anime Network
}}
| first = October 11, 1986
| last = April 1, 1989
| episodes = 114
| episode_list = List of Saint Seiya episodes
}}
{{Infobox animanga/Video
| type = ova
| title = Saint Seiya: The Hades Chapter
| director = {{ubl|Shigeyasu Yamauchi (1–13)|Tomoharu Katsumata (14–31)}}
| producer = {{ubl|Hiroyuki Sakurada|Yoichi Shimizu}}
| writer = {{ubl|Michiko Yokote (1–13)|Yōsuke Kuroda (14–31)}}
| music = Seiji Yokoyama
| studio = Toei Animation
| first = November 9, 2002
| last = August 1, 2008
| runtime =
| episodes = 31
| episode_list = List of Saint Seiya episodes#The Hades Chapter
}}
{{Infobox animanga/Print
| type = manga
| title = Saint Seiya: Rerise of Poseidon
| author = Tsunakan Suda
| publisher = Akita Shoten
| demographic = {{Transliteration|ja|Seinen}}
| imprint = Champion Red Comics
| magazine = Champion Red
| first = September 16, 2022
| last =
| volumes = 2
| volume_list =
}}
{{Infobox animanga/Print
| type = manga
| title = Saint Mariya
| author = Seira Shimotsuki
| publisher = Akita Shoten
| demographic = {{Transliteration|ja|Shōjo}}
| imprint =
| magazine = Princess
| first = January 6, 2025
| last =
| volumes =
| volume_list =
}}
{{Infobox animanga/Other
|title = Related manga
|content =
- Saint Seiya: Next Dimension (sequel)
- Saint Seiya Episode.G
- Saint Seiya: The Lost Canvas
- Saint Seiya: Saintia Shō
- Saint Seiya: Dark Wing
}}
{{Infobox animanga/Other
| title = Anime series
| content =
- Saint Seiya Omega (TV series)
- Saint Seiya: Soul of Gold (ONA series)
- Knights of the Zodiac: Saint Seiya (ONA series)
}}
{{Infobox animanga/Other
| title = Films
| content =
}}
{{Infobox animanga/Other
| title = Others
| content =
- Saint Seiya: Gigantomachia (novel series)
- Saint Seiya: Time Odyssey (French comic series)
}}
{{collapsed infobox section end}}
{{Infobox animanga/Footer|portal=yes}}
{{Nihongo|Saint Seiya|{{ruby-ja|聖闘士星矢|セイントセイヤ}}|Seinto Seiya|lead=yes}}, also known as Saint Seiya: Knights of the Zodiac or simply Knights of the Zodiac (translated from the French title Les Chevaliers du Zodiaque), is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Masami Kurumada. It was serialized in Shueisha's Shōnen manga magazine Weekly Shōnen Jump from 1985 to 1990, with its chapters collected in 28 {{Transliteration|ja|tankōbon}} volumes. In North America, the manga was licensed for English release by Viz Media.
The story follows five mystical warriors called the Saints who fight wearing sacred sets of armor named "Cloths", the designs of which derive from the various constellations the characters have adopted as their destined guardian symbols. The Saints have sworn to defend the reincarnation of the Olympian goddess Athena in her battle against other gods who want to dominate Earth.
The manga was adapted by Toei Animation into a 114-episode anime television series broadcast on TV Asahi from 1986 to 1989. The anime series was followed by a 31-episode original video animation (OVA) series, subtitled The Hades Chapter, released from 2002 to 2008. Four animated feature films premiered in Japanese theaters from 1987 to 1989, with a fifth in 2004 and a sixth in 2014. A live-action film adaptation premiered in 2023.
The Saint Seiya manga had over 50 million copies in circulation by 2022, making it one of the best-selling manga series of all time. Both the original manga and the anime adaptation were successful internationally across Asia, Europe, and Latin America.
A manga sequel by Kurumada, titled Saint Seiya: Next Dimension, was serialized from 2006 to 2024. Several spin-off manga by different authors have also been created.
Plot
{{See also|List of Saint Seiya characters{{!}}List of Saint Seiya characters}}
The story focuses on an orphan named Seiya who was forced to go to the Sanctuary in Greece to obtain one of the {{Nihongo|"Cloths"|{{ruby-ja|聖衣|クロス}}|Kurosu}}, the Bronze Cloth of the Pegasus constellation, a protective armor worn by the Greek Goddess Athena's 88 warriors known as {{Nihongo|"Saints"|{{ruby-ja|聖闘士|セイント}}|Seinto|or "Knights" in some adaptations}}. Upon awakening his {{Nihongo|"Cosmo"|{{ruby-ja|小宇宙|コスモ}}|Kosumo}}, Seiya acquires the ability to unleash the true power of a Saint through what is variously described as the "burning", "explosion", or "big bang" of his "Cosmo" (alluding to the Big Bang of the universe). He then quickly becomes the Pegasus Bronze Saint and returns to Japan to find his older sister.
Because his sister disappeared the same day Seiya went to the Sanctuary, Saori Kido, the adopted granddaughter of Mitsumasa Kido (the person who sent all the orphans to train) makes a deal with him to go to fight in a tournament called the Galaxian Wars. In this tournament, all the orphans who survived and became Bronze Saints must fight to win the most powerful Cloth: The Sagittarius Gold Cloth. If Seiya goes to compete there and wins, Saori would start a search to find Seiya's sister. The tournament is interrupted by the vengeful Phoenix Bronze Saint, Ikki, who wishes to eliminate the people who forced him to undergo his especially harsh training. He steals parts from the Sagittarius Cloth and eventually fights against the remaining Bronze Saints: Seiya, Shun (Ikki's younger brother), Shiryū, and Hyōga.
Upon Ikki's defeat, the Bronze Saints are attacked by the Silver Saints sent by the Sanctuary's corrupt Pope to eliminate them. When they prevail, the Bronze Saints learn that Saori is Athena's reincarnation and that the Pope once tried to kill her as a baby. The previous Sagittarius Gold Saint Aiolos saved infant Saori, but was mortally wounded shortly after escaping and gave Saori to her adopted grandfather. Deciding to join forces with Saori, the Bronze Saints go to the Sanctuary to defeat the Pope, but upon their arrival, Saori is severely wounded by a gold arrow from a Silver Saint and will die at the end of the day. Believing the Pope may be able to heal her, the Bronze Saints go to find him. To do so, they must go through 12 temples, each one guarded by one Gold Saint (the most powerful Saints of Athena). Some of these Gold Saints are friendly, but others are just as corrupt as the Pope and take a sick pleasure in fighting the Bronze Saints. Following several battles, Seiya gets to the Pope's temple and learns that he is actually the Gold Saint Gemini Saga, who suffers from a split personality: one good and one evil. His evil side took over completely and had killed the real Pope to obtain more power. With help from his friends' Cosmos, Seiya is able to knock out Saga and use the shield from Athena's statue to heal Saori just in time. Shortly afterwards, Saga, his good side having regained control, commits suicide as a self-punishment.
In the second story arc, the Seas God Poseidon reincarnates within the body of Julian Solo, the heir to a rich and powerful family, and plots to flood the Earth. Saori goes to his Temple, where Julian offers her to reduce the flooding by absorbing the water inside the Oceans' Central Pillar. Following Saori, Seiya, Hyōga, Shun and Shiryū go to Poseidon's underwater Temple and are confronted by his underlings, the Marines. As Seiya, Hyōga, and Shiryū make their way to Julian, Ikki learns that the mastermind behind this conflict is Saga's twin brother, Gemini Kanon, who is manipulating Poseidon. During the final battle, Poseidon's spirit awakes within Julian and manages to defeat his opponents. Saved by the Saints from the Pillar, Saori seals Poseidon's soul within her amphora.
The third and last arc follows how Hades, the Underworld God, is freed from his seal and revives the deceased Gold Saints and the Pope Aries Shion, and alongside some of his 108 Specters, sends them to the Sanctuary to kill Athena. The remaining Gold Saints serving Athena are able to subdue the enemies, but Saori then commits suicide. This act is instead meant to directly send her to the Underworld to face Hades, and the Bronze Saints follow her. Shion reveals that the revived Gold Saints' true intentions were of giving Saori her own Athena Cloth so she could fight alongside her knights, and gives it to Seiya's group before dying once again. In the Underworld, as the Saints fight Hades' Specters, Shun is possessed by Hades. Saori reaches Hades and expels his soul from Shun's body. Hades then takes Saori to Elysium, and the five Bronze Saints follow them. In the final fight against Hades and his two subordinates, the gods Hypnos and Thanatos, the Bronze Saints gain the all-powerful God Cloths and use them to aid Saori in defeating Hades. However, Seiya sacrifices himself in a attempt to proctect Saori by getting stabbed by Hades' sword, and Saori and the God Saints return to Earth with his lifeless body.
Production
At first, manga author Masami Kurumada planned to create a wrestling-themed manga, as he enjoyed writing individual sports stories rather than collective ones.{{cite book|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 黄金伝説 打倒教皇! 奥義の書!!|publisher=Home-sha|isbn=4-8342-1057-X|date=August 31, 1987|page=97–|language=ja}} He was initially inspired by The Karate Kid (1984) to conceive a story about a young karateka named Seiya found by a karate master and his female assistant; however, his publishing department did not approve the idea.{{cite book|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 コスモスペシャル|trans-title=Saint Seiya Cosmo Special|chapter={{lang|ja|車田正美インタビュー: 昨日、今日、そして未来へ!!...}} [Interview with Masami Kurumada: Yesterday, Today, and Into the Future!]|publisher=Shueisha|date=August 10, 1988|pages=153–159|language=ja}} Since he thought simple sports like judo or karate would not be interesting enough, he added aspects from Greek mythology and constellations to make it innovative. However, the basic concept of Saint Seiya was to be a {{Transliteration|ja|nekketsu}} manga with a "fashion" touch added by the Saint Cloths. After the quick cancellation of his previous work, Otoko Zaka, in 1984, this "fashion sense" was something Kurumada thought would be an aspect that would attract fans, making it different from his previous manga with simple high school uniforms.{{cite magazine|magazine=June|number=34|date=May 1987|script-title=ja:熱血漫画屋インタビュー|language=ja}} Although they look like European medieval armors, Kurumada said his main inspiration for the Cloths was Hajime Sorayama's 1983 illustration book Sexy Robot. Besides from fashion, the Cloths were created because Kurumada wanted characters to throw explosive sparks and the armors was a way to give them some protection. Initially, he could not decide what type of armor it would be, considering even Buddhist {{Transliteration|ja|kasaya}}; based on the Greek motif, he designed the actual Saint Cloths. The usage Greek mythology came up when reusing elements from his previous work, Ring ni Kakero.
When Kurumada was in the process of creating Saint Seiya, he gave Seiya the name Rin at first, since Kurumada was going to title his manga "Ginga no Rin" (Rin of the Galaxy). However, as Kurumada continued developing his manga, he decided to change the name to Seiya, which was more fitting. First he spelled the name with the kanji that meant "Holy Arrow", to relate it to Seiya's condition as a Saint, but later decided to use the kanji that meant "Star Arrow", to emphasize the constellation and mythological motif. Finally, he changed his manga title as well, to Saint Seiya, once he fully developed the concept of the Saints. Also, Kurumada stated that one of the first ideas he conceived for Saint Seiya was the Pegasus Meteor Fist. Since his manga was going to use the constellations as a very important and ever-present theme, he wanted his protagonist to have a special move that would be like a shower of meteors.{{cite book|title=Kappa Magazine, number 80|year=1999|language=ja}} While at first Saint Seiya was not a popular manga during serialization as they did not understand the themes of Cosmos or Sanctuary, it took half a year for the series to become popular. All concepts and names were elaborated to be connected with {{nihongo|Clothes|聖衣}} being based on ancient {{nihongo|sacred clothing|聖なる衣}} The evolved God Cloths were created as a means to defeat Thanatos in the final volume, but Kurumada considered that he went too far with the concept. Whether Athena's Cloth or Hades and Poseidon's protections are also God protections were left in vague. The Hades arc was inspired by Dante's Inferno. The Gold Saints were revived due to their popularity in the fandom but with the twist of they being traitors. The Pope Aries Shion was included specifically to clarify his strength by making him Aries Mu's mentor so that Cancer Deathmask and Pisces Aphrodite would not be able to face Mu. While Gemini Saga remains as an antagonist, his twin brother Gemini Kanon was written so that he would jump from being an antagonist to an ally especially when redeeming himself in front of Scorpio Milo. Kurumada put carefully his emotions into writing this scenes which he thought was popular in France. Other major twists like Hyoga facing his mentor who turns out to be the Gold Saint Camus and Shun turning out to be Hades' new vessel were created at the moment as Kurumada did not plan much of the story.{{cite book|script-title=ja:聖闘士聖衣大全|trans-title=Saint Seiya Myth Cloth Chronicle|date=September 2008|publisher={{ill|World Photo Press|ja|ワールドフォトプレス}}|language=Japanese|isbn=978-4-8465-2737-2|pages=122–125}}
When Kurumada designed Seiya's likeness, he was inspired by his character Ryūji Takane, the protagonist of his hit manga Ring ni Kakero, which he created 9 years before Seiya. Most protagonists of Kurumada's works bear a resemblance to Ryūji, as Kurumada subscribed to Osamu Tezuka's Star System (a stable cast of characters) technique. The same process is done with almost all the other characters from the series. After creating Seiya as a {{Transliteration|ja|nekketsu}} character, he decided to give different personality traits to each of other main characters: Shiryū is the "righteous and serious"; Hyoga is "posed and classy"; Shun is the "lovable boy"; and Ikki is the lone wolf. Nevertheless, he noted that he wrote so many characters besides the five main heroes, that there were several supporting characters who overshdaowed the leads in terms of popularity like Kurumada's previous works. While Saint Seiya ended with the Saints battle against the God of the Underworld Hades, Kurumada had ideas for new story arcs involving Apollo and Artemisa as there are still several gods of the Olympus to explore. However, he feared that he might die drawing too much. Instead, he was more busy writing a sequel to Ring ni Kakero. While Ring ni Kakero made Kurumada popular in Japan, Saint Seiya gave him international fame. Regarding the anime adaptation of Saint Seiya, Kurumada commented that, on the positive side, it made him happy, as he felt that his work would receive more publicity and popularity; on the other hand, he recalled that his master once told him that when a manga becomes an anime series "it's like giving your daughter away in marriage."{{cite magazine|script-title=ja:車田 正美|trans-title=Masami Kuramada|magazine=Kamipro|issue=148|publisher=Enterbrain|date=June 2010|isbn=978-4-04-726612-4|language=ja|pages=12–19}} Nevertheless, Kurumada was pleased with the adaptation, particularly highlighting the sound effects, noting that "the intensity of a sound cannot be compared to an onomatopoeia."{{cite book|title=Saint Seiya Encyclopedia|year=2001|isbn=978-4-8342-1690-5|author=Kurumada, Masami|publisher=Shueisha|language=ja|pages=101–105}} Kurumada participated in the adaptation of the final arc by composing the final song {{Nihongo|"Kami no En: Del Regno"|神の園~Del regno~}}, and was pleased with the final product.
Media
=Manga=
{{Main|List of Saint Seiya manga volumes{{!}}List of Saint Seiya manga volumes}}
Written and illustrated by Masami Kurumada, Saint Seiya debuted in Shueisha's Shōnen manga magazine Weekly Shōnen Jump on December 3, 1985.{{cite press release|script-title=ja:誕生30周年記念!「聖闘士星矢」のすべてが揃う史上初の企画展! 聖闘士星矢30周年展 Complete Works of Saint Seiya 2016年6月、秋葉原UDXにて開催決定!|url=https://corp.toei-anim.co.jp/ja/press/press-4561709197686679259.html|publisher=Toei Animation Co., Ltd.|access-date=October 2, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125142715/https://corp.toei-anim.co.jp/ja/press/press-4561709197686679259.html|archive-date=January 25, 2021|language=ja|date=December 3, 2015|url-status=live}} It finished in the magazine's 49th issue of 1990 (with cover date November 19),{{cite web|url=https://mediaarts-db.bunka.go.jp/mg/magazines/322211|script-title=ja:週刊少年ジャンプ 1990/11/19 表示号数49|language=ja|website=Media Arts Database|publisher=Agency for Cultural Affairs|access-date=January 4, 2019|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505022707/https://mediaarts-db.bunka.go.jp/mg/magazines/322211|archive-date=May 5, 2019}} and the last chapter was published in the first issue of V Jump (released as an extra edition of Weekly Shōnen Jump, with cover date December 12, 1990).{{cite web|script-title=ja:コミック雑誌 付録無)ブイジャンプ 1990年12月12日号|url=https://www.suruga-ya.jp/kaitori_detail/ZNAWO45132|website=suruga-ya.jp|access-date=November 6, 2021|language=ja|archive-url=https://archive.today/20211111022131/https://www.suruga-ya.jp/kaitori_detail/ZNAWO45132|archive-date=November 11, 2021|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://order.mandarake.co.jp/order/detailPage/item?itemCode=1171058706|publisher=Mandarake Inc.|access-date=January 25, 2022|script-title=ja:集英社 Vジャンプ 1990年(平成2年)12/12増刊号(巻頭カード完品) 901212|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125161149/https://order.mandarake.co.jp/order/detailPage/item?itemCode=1171058706|archive-date=January 25, 2022|language=ja|url-status=live}} Shueisha collected its 110 individual chapters in 28 {{Transliteration|ja|tankōbon}} volumes, released from September 10, 1986,{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 1|url=http://books.shueisha.co.jp/CGI/search/syousai_put.cgi?isbn_cd=4-08-851754-7&mode=1|publisher=Shueisha|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050312184835/http://books.shueisha.co.jp/CGI/search/syousai_put.cgi?isbn_cd=4-08-851754-7&mode=1|archive-date=March 12, 2005|language=ja}} to April 10, 1991.{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 28|url=http://books.shueisha.co.jp/CGI/search/syousai_put.cgi?isbn_cd=4-08-851790-3&mode=1|publisher=Shueisha|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040828125033/http://books.shueisha.co.jp/CGI/search/syousai_put.cgi?isbn_cd=4-08-851790-3&mode=1|archive-date=August 28, 2004|language=ja}} Shueisha has also released the series in other editions; 15 {{Transliteration|ja|aizōban}} volumes, from November 20, 1995, to January 20, 1997;{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 愛蔵版|url=http://www.s-book.com/plsql/sbc_tosho?tid=908782721&lpc=1|website=s-book.com|publisher=Shueisha|access-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040321151424/http://www.s-book.com/plsql/sbc_tosho?tid=908782721&lpc=1|archive-date=March 21, 2004|language=ja}} 15 {{Transliteration|ja|bunkoban}} volumes, from January 18 to August 10, 2001;{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 文庫版|url=http://www.s-book.com/plsql/sbc_tosho?tid=908617650&lpc=1|website=s-book.com|publisher=Shueisha|access-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030712191704/http://www.s-book.com/plsql/sbc_tosho?tid=908617650&lpc=1|archive-date=July 12, 2003|language=ja}} 22 {{Transliteration|ja|kanzenban}} volumes, from December 2, 2005,{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 完全版 1|url=http://www.s-book.com/plsql/com2_detail?isbn=4088740556|website=s-book.com|publisher=Shueisha|access-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061115142228/http://www.s-book.com/plsql/com2_detail?isbn=4088740556|archive-date=November 15, 2006|language=ja}} to October 4, 2006.{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 完全版 22|url=http://www.s-book.com/plsql/com2_detail?isbn=4088740769|publisher=Shueisha|access-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061115022124/http://www.s-book.com/plsql/com2_detail?isbn=4088740769|archive-date=November 15, 2006|language=ja}} Akita Shoten began republishing the series in a {{Transliteration|ja|shinsōban}} edition on June 8, 2021.{{cite web|script-title=ja:「聖闘士星矢 Final Edition」刊行スタート、1巻には「EPISODE.0」収録|url=https://natalie.mu/comic/news/431605|website=Comic Natalie|publisher=Natasha, Inc.|access-date=November 10, 2021|language=ja|date=June 8, 2021|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110093927/https://natalie.mu/comic/news/431605|url-status=live}} As of September 6, 2024, thirteen volumes have been released.{{cite web|script-title=ja:【9月6日付】本日発売の単行本リスト|url=https://natalie.mu/comic/news/588540|website=Comic Natalie|publisher=Natasha, Inc.|access-date=December 15, 2024|language=ja|date=September 6, 2024|archive-date=October 7, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007090936/https://natalie.mu/comic/news/588540|url-status=live}}
In North America, the series was licensed for English release by Viz Media in 2003.{{cite web|last=Mays|first=Jonathan|title=Viz picks up Saint Seiya manga|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2003-08-11/viz-picks-up-saint-seiya-manga|website=Anime News Network|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=August 11, 2003|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110093927/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2003-08-11/viz-picks-up-saint-seiya-manga|url-status=live}} Under the title Saint Seiya: Knights of the Zodiac, Viz Media released its 28 volumes from January 21, 2004,{{cite web|title=Knights of the Zodiac (Saint Seiya), Vol. 1|url=https://www.viz.com/read/manga/knights-of-the-zodiac-saint-seiya-volume-1/product/136|publisher=Viz Media|access-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20211110093143/https://www.viz.com/read/manga/knights-of-the-zodiac-saint-seiya-volume-1/product/136|archive-date=November 10, 2021|url-status=live}} to February 2, 2010.{{cite web|title=Knights of the Zodiac (Saint Seiya), Vol. 28|url=https://www.viz.com/read/manga/knights-of-the-zodiac-saint-seiya-volume-28/product/1786|publisher=Viz Media|access-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20211110093124/https://www.viz.com/read/manga/knights-of-the-zodiac-saint-seiya-volume-28/product/1786|archive-date=November 10, 2021|url-status=live}}
Kurumada started a sequel to Saint Seiya in 2006, titled Saint Seiya: Next Dimension. A prologue chapter was published in Akita Shoten's Weekly Shōnen Champion on April 27, 2006,{{cite web|script-title=ja:週刊少年チャンピオン 2006年No.22+23|url=https://www.akitashoten.co.jp/w-champion/2006/22|publisher=Akita Shoten|access-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20211110100750/https://www.akitashoten.co.jp/w-champion/2006/22|archive-date=November 10, 2021|language=ja|url-status=live}} and the series officially debuted in the magazine on August 23 of the same year.{{cite web|script-title=ja:週刊少年チャンピオン 2006年No.36+37|url=https://www.akitashoten.co.jp/w-champion/2006/36|publisher=Akita Shoten|access-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20211110100442/https://www.akitashoten.co.jp/w-champion/2006/36|archive-date=November 10, 2021|language=ja|url-status=live}} The collected volumes are published in full color.{{cite web|title=Critique du volume manga|url=https://www.manga-news.com/index.php/manga/critique/Saint-Seiya-Next-Dimension|website=manga-news.com|access-date=November 10, 2021|language=fr|date=November 12, 2010|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110104351/https://www.manga-news.com/index.php/manga/critique/Saint-Seiya-Next-Dimension|url-status=live}} The series finished after eighteen years of publication on July 4, 2024.{{cite web|last=Cayanan|first=Joanna|title=Saint Seiya: Next Dimension Manga Ends on July 4|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2024-07-01/saint-seiya-next-dimension-manga-ends-on-july-4/.212642|website=Anime News Network|access-date=August 28, 2024|date=July 1, 2024|archive-date=July 1, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701085402/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2024-07-01/saint-seiya-next-dimension-manga-ends-on-july-4/.212642|url-status=live}}{{cite web|script-title=ja:「聖闘士星矢 ND 冥王神話」約18年の連載に幕、次号「SANDA」も完結&重大発表|url=https://natalie.mu/comic/news/580793|website=Comic Natalie|publisher=Natasha, Inc.|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704133046/https://natalie.mu/comic/news/580793|archive-date=July 4, 2024|language=ja|date=July 4, 2024|url-status=live}}
Kurumada published in Akita Shoten's Champion Red a series of special in-depth chapters of events from the manga; Saint Seiya: Episode Zero, from December 19, 2017,{{cite web|last=Ressler|first=Karen|title=Saint Seiya Gets 'Episode Zero' Manga Next Month|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-11-16/saint-seiya-gets-episode-zero-manga-next-month/.124119|website=Anime News Network|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=November 16, 2017|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110040440/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-11-16/saint-seiya-gets-episode-zero-manga-next-month/.124119|url-status=live}} to February 19, 2018.{{cite web|script-title=ja:「ニンジャスレイヤー」第2部マンガ版が4月からREDで、今号には予告版が掲載|url=https://natalie.mu/comic/news/270209|website=Comic Natalie|publisher=Natasha, Inc.|access-date=November 10, 2021|language=ja|date=February 19, 2018|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110040440/https://natalie.mu/comic/news/270209|url-status=live}} Saint Seiya Origin, from December 19, 2018, to January 19, 2019;{{cite web|last=Pineda|first=Rafael|title=Saint Seiya Episode Zero Manga's 2nd Season Will Run for 2 Chapters|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2018-11-19/saint-seiya-episode-zero-manga-2nd-season-will-run-for-2-chapters/.139679|website=Anime News Network|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=November 19, 2018|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110040443/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2018-11-19/saint-seiya-episode-zero-manga-2nd-season-will-run-for-2-chapters/.139679|url-status=live}} and Saint Seiya: Destiny, on December 19, 2018.{{cite web|script-title=ja:「聖闘士星矢」車田正美が描く新作がREDに、付録は2世代の黄金聖闘士ポスター|url=https://natalie.mu/comic/news/360023|website=Comic Natalie|publisher=Natasha, Inc.|access-date=November 10, 2021|language=ja|date=December 19, 2019|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110040442/https://natalie.mu/comic/news/360023|url-status=live}} The three chapters of Episode Zero were included in the first volume of the series' {{Transliteration|ja|shinsōban}} edition.
==Spin-offs==
{{Main|Saint Seiya Episode.G|Saint Seiya: The Lost Canvas|Saint Seiya: Saintia Shō|Saint Seiya: Dark Wing|Saint Seiya: Time Odyssey}}
A spin-off series by Megumu Okada, titled Saint Seiya Episode.G, was serialized in Akita Shoten's Champion Red from December 19, 2002,{{cite web|last=Macdonald|first=Christopher|title=New Author for Saint Seiya|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2002-11-19/new-author-for-saint-seiya|website=Anime News Network|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=November 19, 2002|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110104349/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2002-11-19/new-author-for-saint-seiya|url-status=live}} to June 19, 2013.{{cite web|script-title=ja:若き愚地独歩の激闘!バキ外伝「拳刃」 REDで連載開始|url=https://natalie.mu/comic/news/93191|website=Comic Natalie|publisher=Natasha, Inc.|access-date=November 10, 2021|language=ja|date=June 19, 2013|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110104349/https://natalie.mu/comic/news/93191|url-status=live}}
A second spin-off series by Shiori Teshirogi, titled Saint Seiya: The Lost Canvas, was serialized in Weekly Shōnen Champion from August 24, 2006,{{cite web|script-title=ja:週刊少年チャンピオン 2006年No.39|url=https://www.akitashoten.co.jp/w-champion/2006/39|publisher=Akita Shoten|access-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20211110103641/https://www.akitashoten.co.jp/w-champion/2006/39|archive-date=November 10, 2021|language=ja|url-status=live}} to April 7, 2011.{{cite web|last=Loo|first=Egan|title=Saint Seiya: The Lost Canvas Manga to End on April 7|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2011-03-28/saint-seiya/the-lost-canvas-manga-to-end-on-april-6|website=Anime News Network|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=March 28, 2011|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110104349/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2011-03-28/saint-seiya/the-lost-canvas-manga-to-end-on-april-6|url-status=live}}
A third spin-off series by Chimaki Kuori Saint Seiya: Saintia Shō, was serialized in Champion Red from August 19, 2013,{{cite web|script-title=ja:美少女の聖闘士描く新連載がREDで開幕、野上武志も登場|url=https://natalie.mu/comic/news/97532|website=Comic Natalie|publisher=Natasha, Inc.|access-date=November 10, 2021|language=ja|date=August 19, 2013|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110033311/https://natalie.mu/comic/news/97532|url-status=live}} to July 19, 2021.{{cite web|last=Hodgkins|first=Crystalyn|title=Saint Seiya: Saintia Shō Manga Ends in July (Updated)|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-06-20/saint-seiya-saintia-sho-manga-ends-in-july/.174190|website=Anime News Network|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=June 20, 2021|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110033311/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-06-20/saint-seiya-saintia-sho-manga-ends-in-july/.174190|url-status=live}}
A fourth spin-off series by Kenji Saito and Shinshu Ueda, titled {{Nihongo|Saint Seiya: Dark Wing|{{ruby-ja|聖闘士星矢|セイントセイヤ}}・冥王異伝 ダークウィング|Seinto Seiya Meiō Iden: Dāku Wingu|lit. "Saint Seiya: An Alternate Tale of the Underworld Emperor – Dark Wing"}}, started in Champion Red on December 19, 2020.{{cite web|last=Mateo|first=Alex|title=Saint Seiya Series Gets New Manga on December 19|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2020-11-18/saint-seiya-series-gets-new-manga-on-december-19/.166434|website=Anime News Network|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=November 18, 2020|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110025029/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2020-11-18/saint-seiya-series-gets-new-manga-on-december-19/.166434|url-status=live}}{{cite web|script-title=ja:「聖闘士星矢」×異世界転生の新連載がREDで!普通の高校生がエリシオンに|url=https://natalie.mu/comic/news/409498|website=Comic Natalie|publisher=Natasha, Inc.|access-date=November 11, 2021|language=ja|date=December 19, 2020|archive-date=November 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111021001/https://natalie.mu/comic/news/409498|url-status=live}}
A fifth spin-off series by Tsunakan Suda, titled {{Nihongo|Saint Seiya: Rerise of Poseidon|{{ruby-ja|聖闘士星矢|セイントセイヤ}}・海皇再起|Seinto Seiya: Kaiō Saiki|lit. "Saint Seiya: The Return of the Sea Emperor"}}, started serialization in Champion Red on September 16, 2022.{{cite web|last=Pineda|first=Rafael|title=Saint Seiya Gets New Manga Spinoff About Poseidon|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-08-23/saint-seiya-gets-new-manga-spinoff-about-poseidon/.188904|website=Anime News Network|access-date=August 23, 2022|date=August 23, 2022|archive-date=August 23, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220823113026/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-08-23/saint-seiya-gets-new-manga-spinoff-about-poseidon/.188904|url-status=live}} The first volume was released on October 19, 2023.{{cite web|script-title=ja:「聖闘士星矢」新シリーズ1巻、海皇ポセイドンと海将軍の戦いを描く|url=https://natalie.mu/comic/news/545735|website=Comic Natalie|publisher=Natasha, Inc.|access-date=November 7, 2024|language=ja|date=October 19, 2023}} As of November 8, 2024, two volumes have been released.{{cite web|script-title=ja:【11月8日付】本日発売の単行本リスト|url=https://natalie.mu/comic/news/597223|website=Comic Natalie|publisher=Natasha, Inc.|access-date=November 7, 2024|language=ja|date=November 8, 2024}}
A sixth spin-off series by Seira Shimotsuki, titled {{Nihongo|Saint Mariya|{{ruby-ja|聖闘士真理矢|セイント マリヤ)}}}}, started in Akita Shoten's Shōjo manga magazine Princess on January 6, 2025.{{cite web|last=Cayanan|first=Joanna|title=Masami Kurumada, Seira Shimotsuki to Launch New Saint Seiya Shōjo Spinoff Manga|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2024-12-08/masami-kurumada-seira-shimotsuki-to-launch-new-saint-seiya-shojo-spinoff-manga/.218745|website=Anime News Network|access-date=December 9, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241209045522/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2024-12-08/masami-kurumada-seira-shimotsuki-to-launch-new-saint-seiya-shojo-spinoff-manga/.218745|archive-date=December 9, 2024|date=December 8, 2024|url-status=live}}
=Other print media=
{{See also|Saint Seiya: Gigantomachia}}
Three Saint Seiya Anime Special mooks, published by Shueisha under its Jump Gold Selection imprint, were released from July 13, 1988, to April 19, 1989.{{cite web|script-title=ja:アニメムック <<アニメ・漫画系書籍>> 聖闘士星矢・アニメ・スペシャル|url=https://www.suruga-ya.jp/product/detail/185017544|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240828063033/https://www.suruga-ya.jp/product/detail/185017544|archive-date=August 28, 2024|language=ja|url-status=live}}{{cite web|script-title=ja:アニメムック <<アニメ・漫画系書籍>> 聖闘士星矢・アニメ・スペシャル2|url=https://www.suruga-ya.jp/product/detail/185017543|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240828063033/https://www.suruga-ya.jp/product/detail/185017543|archive-date=August 28, 2024|language=ja|url-status=live}}{{cite web|script-title=ja:アニメムック <<アニメ・漫画系書籍>> 聖闘士星矢・アニメ・スペシャル3|url=https://www.suruga-ya.jp/product/detail/185012851|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240828063038/https://www.suruga-ya.jp/product/detail/185012851|archive-date=August 28, 2024|language=ja|url-status=live}} A databook, titled {{Nihongo|Saint Seiya Taizen|聖闘士星矢 大全||"Saint Seiya Compendium"}}, was released by Shueisha on August 17, 2021.{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 大全|url=http://www.s-book.com/plsql/com2_detail?isbn=483421690X|website=s-book.com|publisher=Shueisha|access-date=September 1, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208100510/http://www.s-book.com/plsql/com2_detail?isbn=483421690X|archive-date=February 8, 2007|language=ja}}
A series of two novels by Tatsuya Hamazaki, Saint Seiya: Gigantomachia, were published by Shueisha under its Jump J-Books imprint. The first novel was released on August 23, 2002,{{cite web|url=http://books.shueisha.co.jp/CGI/search/syousai_put.cgi?isbn_cd=4-08-703123-3&mode=1|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 ギガントマキア 血の章 セイントセイヤ|publisher=Shueisha|access-date=May 3, 2008|language=ja|archive-date=August 13, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070813035637/http://books.shueisha.co.jp/CGI/search/syousai_put.cgi?isbn_cd=4-08-703123-3|url-status=live}} and the second on December 16 of that same year.{{cite web|url=http://books.shueisha.co.jp/CGI/search/syousai_put.cgi?isbn_cd=4-08-703119-5&mode=1|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 ギガントマキア 盟の章 セイントセイヤ|publisher=Shueisha|access-date=May 3, 2008|language=ja|archive-date=March 18, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140318031605/http://books.shueisha.co.jp/CGI/search/syousai_put.cgi?isbn_cd=4-08-703119-5|url-status=live}}
{{Nihongo|Saint Seiya 30 Shūnen Kinen Gashū Seiiki – Sanctuary|聖闘士星矢 30周年記念画集 聖域 ―SANCTUARY―}}, an art book which contains over 90 illustrations by Masami Kurumada, was launched by Takarajimasha on October 21, 2016.{{cite web|script-title=ja:この1冊で君も小宇宙を感じろ!「聖闘士星矢」30周年記念画集が刊行|url=https://natalie.mu/comic/news/206686|website=Comic Natalie|publisher=Natasha, Inc.|access-date=August 28, 2024|date=October 24, 2016|archive-date=July 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170711150055/http://natalie.mu/comic/news/206686|url-status=live}}
=Anime=
{{Main|List of Saint Seiya episodes{{!}}List of Saint Seiya episodes|Saint Seiya Omega|Knights of the Zodiac: Saint Seiya}}
==Television series==
An anime adaptation of Saint Seiya was first proposed in June 1986 three months before the first manga volume was published. After Toei Animation started a partnership with TV Asahi, they looked for sponsors.{{cite book|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢アニメスペシャル2|publisher=Shueisha|date=November 9, 1988|pages=87–93}} Bandai got interested in selling the Saint Cloths as merchandise so it began development. Masayoshi Kawata, producer of TV Asahi, thought Saint Seiya was the perfect fit for the "hero show" they were looking for. By July of that same year, scriptwriter Takao Koyama had written the first episode scheduled to be broadcast in October. Since an episode adapts several chapters the anime goes faster than the manga, which led the TV series staff to create some original stories to fill the gap. The series was broadcast on TV Asahi from October 11, 1986, to April 1, 1989.{{cite web|title=Saint Seiya (Toei Animation Film List)|url=http://corp.toei-anim.co.jp/english/film/saint_seiya.php|publisher=Toei Animation|access-date=August 30, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091204154940/http://corp.toei-anim.co.jp/english/film/saint_seiya.php|archive-date=December 4, 2009}} It was directed first by Kōzō Morishita (episodes 1–73) and then by Kazuhito Kikuchi (episodes 74–114). The character designers and aestheticists were Shingo Araki and Michi Himeno, and Seiji Yokoyama composed the soundtracks. Following Kurumada's storylines from the manga closely, the chief scriptwriters were Takao Koyama (1–73) and Yoshiyuki Suga (74–114). The series has three main parts: Sanctuary (episodes 1–73), Asgard—an anime original story arc (episodes 74–99), and Poseidon (episodes 100–114). The series was cancelled and left unfinished, with the final story arc of the manga not animated until it was adapted into an original video animation series in 2002.{{cite journal|author1=Massato Oka, Arnaldo|author2=Del Greco, Marcelo|date=February 2002|title=Exclusive interview with Masami Kurumada|journal=Henshin|issue=31|pages=14–21|language=pt}} The entire series was later released on two Blu-ray box sets on June 20 and September 24, 2014.{{cite web|script-title=ja:アニメ「聖闘士星矢」Blu-ray BOX化、星矢の活躍を再び|url=https://natalie.mu/comic/news/111482|website=Comic Natalie|publisher=Natasha, Inc.|access-date=November 10, 2021|language=ja|date=March 9, 2014|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110084622/https://natalie.mu/comic/news/111482|url-status=live}} It was re-broadcast on TV Asahi in 2015.{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢|url=http://www.tv-asahi.co.jp/ch/contents/anime/0155/|publisher=TV Asahi|access-date=April 26, 2015|language=ja|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150508103535/http://www.tv-asahi.co.jp/ch/contents/anime/0155/|archive-date=May 8, 2015|url-status=dead}}
After Japan, Saint Seiya was first broadcast in France in 1988 on TF1's {{ill|Club Dorothée (programming block)|lt=Club Dorothée|fr|Club Dorothée}}, under the title Les Chevaliers du Zodiaque (which inspired the title in other language versions),{{cite web|last=Cusseau|first=Clément|title=Les Chevaliers du Zodiaque : l'histoire derrière le titre français de Saint Seiya|url=https://www.allocine.fr/article/fichearticle_gen_carticle=18682813.html|website=AlloCiné|access-date=January 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220054253/https://www.allocine.fr/article/fichearticle_gen_carticle=18682813.html|archive-date=February 20, 2020|language=fr|date=July 17, 2019|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|date=January 24, 2020|title=10 curiosità sui "Cavalieri dello zodiaco", di scena su Netflix|url=https://www.gqitalia.it/show/article/saint-seiya-i-cavalieri-dello-zodiaco-netflix-curiosita|access-date=October 13, 2022|website=GQ Italia|language=it-IT|archive-date=October 13, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221013083645/https://www.gqitalia.it/show/article/saint-seiya-i-cavalieri-dello-zodiaco-netflix-curiosita|url-status=live}} and the series became quickly popular.{{cite web|last=Croquet|first=Pauline|title=Trente ans après, " Les Chevaliers du zodiaque " toujours à l'attaque|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2015/02/25/trente-ans-apres-les-chevaliers-du-zodiaque-toujours-a-l-attaque_4582427_4408996.html|publisher=Le Monde|access-date=January 25, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504080846/http://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2015/02/25/trente-ans-apres-les-chevaliers-du-zodiaque-toujours-a-l-attaque_4582427_4408996.html|archive-date=May 4, 2015|language=fr|date=March 13, 2015|url-status=live}}{{cite web|last=Cailleaud|first=Nicolas|title=Saint Seiya : retour sur les 35 ans d'une série animée toujours vénérée|url=https://www.cnews.fr/culture/2021-10-10/saint-seiya-retour-sur-les-35-ans-dune-serie-animee-toujours-veneree-1128813|publisher=CNews|access-date=January 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211013062012/https://www.cnews.fr/culture/2021-10-10/saint-seiya-retour-sur-les-35-ans-dune-serie-animee-toujours-veneree-1128813|archive-date=October 13, 2021|language=fr|date=October 10, 2021|url-status=live}} The series was broadcast throughout Asia, Europe and Latin America, where it was a success as well.{{Cite press release|url=http://www.bandai.com/about/pr.cfm?pr_id=59|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100507163743/http://www.bandai.com/about/pr.cfm?pr_id=59|url-status=dead|title="Knights of the Zodiac" Repeats International Success in the U.S. With Unique Toyline|archive-date=May 7, 2010|publisher=Bandai|date=February 15, 2004}}{{cite web|title=Knights of the Zodiac|url=http://www.viz.com/products/products.php?series_id=89|publisher=Viz Media|access-date=January 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061017165507/http://www.viz.com/products/products.php?series_id=89|archive-date=October 17, 2006}}{{cite web|last=Pineda|first=Rafael|title=Saint Seiya: Soul of Gold TV Anime Listed With 13 Episodes|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/daily-briefs/2015-04-14/saint-seiya-soul-of-gold-tv-anime-listed-with-13-episodes/.87106|website=Anime News Network|access-date=January 27, 2022|date=April 14, 2015|archive-date=January 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127164424/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/daily-briefs/2015-04-14/saint-seiya-soul-of-gold-tv-anime-listed-with-13-episodes/.87106|url-status=live}} In North America, the series was first licensed by DIC Entertainment, under the title Knights of the Zodiac, in 2003.{{cite web|last=Macdonald|first=Christopher|title=DiC Acquires Saint Seiya|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2003-06-11/dic-aquires-saint-seiya|website=Anime News Network|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=June 11, 2003|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110090127/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2003-06-11/dic-aquires-saint-seiya|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=DIC Shows|url=http://www.dicentertainment.com/dic_shows.html|publisher=DIC Entertainment|access-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030402134126/http://www.dicentertainment.com/dic_shows.html|archive-date=April 2, 2003}} The DIC version was edited for broadcast, cutting overly violent scenes, coloring the red blood to blue, adding in previously non-existent digital scene transitions, rewriting the scripts, renaming several characters and replacing the music themes and the original soundtrack.{{cite web|last=Merrill|first=Dave|title=Knights of the Zodiac vols. 1-2|url=http://www.animejump.com/index.php?module=prodreviews&func=showcontent&id=495|website=Anime Jump|access-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060510033943/http://www.animejump.com/index.php?module=prodreviews&func=showcontent&id=495|archive-date=May 10, 2006|date=June 16, 2004}}{{cite web|last=Cruz|first=Luis|title=Knights of the Zodiac Vol. #01 (of 0)|url=http://www.animeondvd.com/reviews2/disc_reviews/2680.php|website=AnimeOnDVD|access-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050313202204/http://www.animeondvd.com/reviews2/disc_reviews/2680.php|archive-date=March 13, 2005|date=March 2, 2004}}{{cite web|last=Bertschy|first=Zac|title=Answerman and the Column of Doom|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/answerman/2003-10-24|website=Anime News Network|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=October 24, 2003|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110090130/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/answerman/2003-10-24|url-status=live}}{{cite web|last=Oppliger|first=John|title=Ask John: Why Didn't St. Seiya Succeed in North America?|url=http://www.animenation.net/news/askjohn.php?id=1512|website=AnimeNation|access-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071101093757/http://www.animenation.net/news/askjohn.php?id=1512|archive-date=November 1, 2007|date=March 8, 2007}} This version premiered in the United States on Cartoon Network on August 30, 2003,{{cite web|last=Mays|first=Jonathan|date=August 2, 2003|title=Knights of the Zodiac on Cartoon Network|url=http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2003-08-02/knights-of-the-zodiac-on-cartoon-network|website=Anime News Network|access-date=October 16, 2008|archive-date=June 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615145720/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2003-08-02/knights-of-the-zodiac-on-cartoon-network|url-status=live}} and in Canada on YTV on September 5 of the same year.{{cite web|last=Oppliger|first=John|title=Inuyasha & St. Seiya Coming to YTV|url=https://www.animenation.net/blog/inuyasha-st-seiya-coming-to-ytv/|website=AnimeNation|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=August 25, 2003|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110084625/https://www.animenation.net/blog/inuyasha-st-seiya-coming-to-ytv/|url-status=live}} Unlike other territories, Saint Seiya did not succeed in North America,{{cite web|last=Sevakis|first=Justin|title=Why Did Saint Seiya Bomb In North America?|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/answerman/2016-02-15/.98694|website=Anime News Network|access-date=January 27, 2022|date=February 15, 2016|archive-date=January 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127165813/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/answerman/2016-02-15/.98694|url-status=live}} and DIC only dubbed forty episodes.{{cite web|title=ICv2: Knights Of The Zodiac Invade U.S.|url=https://icv2.com/articles/comics/view/2872/knights-of-the-zodiac-invade-u-s|website=ICv2|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=June 10, 2003|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110084623/https://icv2.com/articles/comics/view/2872/knights-of-the-zodiac-invade-u-s|url-status=live}} ADV Films licensed the home video rights to the series. They released the DIC-edited version and an uncut version of the show with English subtitles,{{cite web|last=Berryhill|first=Garry|title=ADV To Release Two Varieties Of St. Seiya|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2003-01-13/adv-to-release-two-varieties-of-st-seiya|website=Anime News Network|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=January 13, 2003|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110084622/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2003-01-13/adv-to-release-two-varieties-of-st-seiya|url-status=live}}{{cite web|last=Bertschy|first=Zac|title=Saint Seiya DVD 1 – Review|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/review/saint-seiya/dvd-1|website=Anime News Network|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=December 12, 2003|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110084622/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/review/saint-seiya/dvd-1|url-status=live}} which also included a new dub (with a different voice cast than the one used by DIC).{{cite press release|title=ADV Films Announces Five Titles for Release|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/press-release/2004-04-14/adv-films-announces-five-titles-for-release|publisher=ADV Films|via=Anime News Network|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=April 14, 2004|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110090124/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/press-release/2004-04-14/adv-films-announces-five-titles-for-release|url-status=live}}{{cite web|last=Toole|first=Mike|title=Saint Seiya vol. 1|url=http://www.animejump.com/index.php?module=prodreviews&func=showcontent&id=480|website=Anime Jump|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=February 18, 2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040404193100/http://www.animejump.com/index.php?module=prodreviews&func=showcontent&id=480|archive-date=April 4, 2004}} ADV Films released the first twenty-eight episodes of the edited version on seven DVDs from January 27 to October 25, 2004,{{cite web|last=Sinnott|first=John|title=Knights of the Zodiac: Vol 7 Battle of The Ages|url=https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/review/12945|website=DVD Talk|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=October 26, 2004|archive-date=April 12, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412195602/https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/review/12945|url-status=live}} and released only sixty episodes of the uncut version on twelve DVDs from October 21, 2003,{{cite web|last=Beveridge|first=Chris|title=Saint Seiya Vol. #01 (also w/box) (of 12)|url=http://www.animeondvd.com/reviews2/disc_reviews/2447.php|website=AnimeOnDVD|access-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061101194206/http://www.animeondvd.com/reviews2/disc_reviews/2447.php|archive-date=November 1, 2006|date=October 14, 2003}} to May 31, 2005.{{cite web|last=Beveridge|first=Chris|title=Saint Seiya Vol. #12 (of 12)|url=http://www.animeondvd.com/reviews2/disc_reviews/3986.php|website=AnimeOnDVD|access-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061101175104/http://www.animeondvd.com/reviews2/disc_reviews/3986.php|archive-date=November 1, 2006|date=June 6, 2005}} A box-set collection was released on January 13, 2009.{{cite book|title=Saint Seiya: Collection 1|publisher=ADV Films|asin=B001KXZG2I}} New Video released the first seventy-three episodes on a subtitle-only DVD set, titled Saint Seiya: Sanctuary Classic Complete Collection, on April 15, 2014.{{cite web|last=Loo|first=Egan|title=New Video Group's Saint Seiya DVD Set Listed on April 15|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2013-10-27/new-video-group-saint-seiya-dvd-set-listed-on-april-15|website=Anime News Network|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=October 27, 2013|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110084625/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2013-10-27/new-video-group-saint-seiya-dvd-set-listed-on-april-15|url-status=live}}{{cite web|last=Sinnott|first=John|title=Saint Seiya: Sanctuary Classic Complete Collection|url=https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/64391/saint-seiya-sanctuary-classic-complete-collection/|website=DVD Talk|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=April 9, 2014|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110084622/https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/64391/saint-seiya-sanctuary-classic-complete-collection/|url-status=live}} On October 15, 2019, Netflix began streaming a third English dub, featuring the cast from Knights of the Zodiac: Saint Seiya; the first fifteen episodes premiered first and episodes 16–41 were added some days later;{{cite web|last=Pineda|first=Rafael|title=Netflix Adds 1st 41 Episodes of 1986 Saint Seiya Anime With New English Dub, Subtitles (Updated)|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2019-10-17/netflix-adds-1st-41-episodes-of-1986-saint-seiya-anime-with-new-english-dub-subtitles/.152323?ObBbkkiuw|website=Anime News Network|access-date=October 18, 2019|date=October 17, 2019|archive-date=October 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018220413/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2019-10-17/netflix-adds-1st-41-episodes-of-1986-saint-seiya-anime-with-new-english-dub-subtitles/.152323%3FObBbkkiuw|url-status=live}} episodes 42–73 were added in January 2020;{{cite web|last=Sherman|first=Jennifer|title=Netflix Adds 32 More Episodes of 1986 Saint Seiya Anime With New English Dub, Subtitles|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/daily-briefs/2020-01-02/netflix-adds-32-more-episodes-of-1986-saint-seiya-anime-with-new-english-dub-subtitles/.154989|website=Anime News Network|access-date=January 2, 2020|date=January 2, 2020|archive-date=January 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200102154017/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/daily-briefs/2020-01-02/netflix-adds-32-more-episodes-of-1986-saint-seiya-anime-with-new-english-dub-subtitles/.154989|url-status=live}} and episodes 74–114 were added in April 2020, in effect making the Netflix dub the only complete English dub of the entire original series.{{cite web|last=Hodgkins|first=Crystalyn|title=Netflix Adds Final 41 Episodes of 1986 Saint Seiya Anime With New English Dub, Subtitles|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/daily-briefs/2020-04-06/netflix-adds-final-41-episodes-of-1986-saint-seiya-anime-with-new-english-dub-subtitles/.158313|website=Anime News Network|access-date=April 7, 2020|date=April 7, 2020|archive-date=April 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406154018/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/daily-briefs/2020-04-06/netflix-adds-final-41-episodes-of-1986-saint-seiya-anime-with-new-english-dub-subtitles/.158313|url-status=live}} The series was removed from the platform in December 2021.{{cite web|last=Mateo|first=Alex|title=1986 Saint Seiya Anime Leaves Netflix in December|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/daily-briefs/2021-11-17/1986-saint-seiya-anime-leaves-netflix-in-december/.179661|website=Anime News Network|access-date=November 17, 2021|date=November 17, 2021|archive-date=November 17, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117184907/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/daily-briefs/2021-11-17/1986-saint-seiya-anime-leaves-netflix-in-december/.179661|url-status=live}} Crunchyroll added the series to its catalogue in April 2023.{{cite web|title=Classic Saint Seiya: Knights of the Zodiac Anime Launches on Crunchyroll with Remastered English Dub|url=https://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2023/04/21/classic-saint-seiya-knights-of-the-zodiac-anime-launches-on-crunchyroll-with-remastered-english-dub|website=Crunchyroll|last=Luster|first=Joseph|date=April 21, 2023|access-date=April 21, 2023|archive-date=April 21, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230421220056/https://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2023/04/21/classic-saint-seiya-knights-of-the-zodiac-anime-launches-on-crunchyroll-with-remastered-english-dub|url-status=live}}
A spin-off television series, Saint Seiya Omega, was broadcast for ninety-seven episodes on TV Asahi from April 1, 2012,{{cite web|last=Loo|first=Egan|title=Saint Seiya Omega TV Anime 4th Ad Aired with Athena|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2012-03-25/saint-seiya-omega-tv-anime-4th-ad-aired-with-athena|website=Anime News Network|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=March 25, 2012|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110084627/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2012-03-25/saint-seiya-omega-tv-anime-4th-ad-aired-with-athena|url-status=live}} to March 30, 2014.{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢Ω ストーリー|url=https://www.tv-asahi.co.jp/seiya-koga/story/|publisher=TV Asahi|access-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20211110083202/https://www.tv-asahi.co.jp/seiya-koga/story/|archive-date=November 10, 2021|language=ja|url-status=live}}
==Films==
{{Main|List of Saint Seiya films{{!}}List of Saint Seiya films}}
Four animated feature films were shown in Japanese theaters from 1987 to 1989. A fifth animated film came out in Japanese theaters in 2004, {{Nihongo|Heaven Chapter – Overture|天界編 序奏|Tenkai Hen Josō|}}, which was supposed to follow the regular chronology right after the end of the manga (which finished being adapted on August 1, 2008) as a prologue to a new chapter.{{cite web|title=Saint Seiya The Heavens-Overture- (Toei Animation Film List)|url=http://corp.toei-anim.co.jp/english/film/saint_seiya_the_heavensovertur.php|publisher=Toei Animation|access-date=August 30, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090217144107/http://corp.toei-anim.co.jp/english/film/saint_seiya_the_heavensovertur.php|archive-date=February 17, 2009}} Toei Animation first announced that this new chapter would be a new animated series, but later Kurumada stated that he wanted the film to be part of a trilogy. Tōru Furuya, Pegasus Seiya voice actor, revealed Kurumada's wishes for the series during a press conference. After Pegasus Seiya eventually defeats Zeus, he is to go on and face Chronos, the God of Time.{{cite video|people=Yamauchi, Shigeyasu|year=2004|title=Saint Seiya Tenkai-hen Overture|medium=DVD|publisher=Toei Animation}}
Despite the first film being released in 1987, none of the films received an official English release in North America until it was announced by Discotek Media in 2012 that it had acquired the home video rights to the first four ones and intended to release them across two DVDs, each containing two films. The DVDs contain Japanese audio with English subtitles.{{Cite web|last=Ransom|first=Ko|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2012-04-16/discotek-announces-dvd-release-of-saint-seiya-movies|title=Discotek Announces DVD Release of Saint Seiya Movies (Updated)|website=Anime News Network|access-date=July 20, 2019|archive-date=July 20, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720062425/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2012-04-16/discotek-announces-dvd-release-of-saint-seiya-movies|url-status=live}}
On June 21, 2014, Legend of Sanctuary was released. Animated in CGI, Legend of Sanctuary is based on the original series. It was produced by Toei to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the franchise.{{cite news|url=https://variety.com/2014/film/reviews/film-review-saint-seiya-legend-of-sanctuary-1201257676/|title='Saint Seiya: Legend of Sanctuary' Review: Anime Saints Get CG Upgrade|date=July 3, 2014|access-date=September 4, 2014|work=Variety|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304140800/http://variety.com/2014/film/reviews/film-review-saint-seiya-legend-of-sanctuary-1201257676/|url-status=live}}
==Original video animations==
{{Main|List of Saint Seiya episodes#The Hades Chapter{{!}}List of Saint Seiya episodes#The Hades Chapter}}
The last story arc of the original manga series, which was not previously adapted into the television series, was adapted into an original video animation (OVA) series, subtitled {{Nihongo|The Hades Chapter|冥王ハーデス編|Meiō Hādesu-hen}} and released across three parts. The first part, {{Nihongo|Sanctuary|十二宮編|Jūnikyū-hen|"Zodiac Chapter"}}, was directed by Shigeyasu Yamauchi, still with designs by Shingo Araki and Michi Himeno, while the scripts were done by Michiko Yokote, and the soundtrack was entirely taken from Yokoyama's work on the previous TV series. It consists of 13 episodes, and before its release on home video, it was broadcast on the pay-per-view channel SKY PerfecTV! from November 9, 2002, to April 12, 2003,{{cite web|last=Macdonald|first=Christopher|title=Saint Seya [sic] OVA in November|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2002-09-03/saint-seya-ova-in-november|website=Anime News Network|access-date=August 28, 2024|date=September 3, 2002|archive-date=June 5, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605062329/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2002-09-03/saint-seya-ova-in-november|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Saint Seiya The Hades Chapter – Sanctuary|url=http://corp.toei-anim.co.jp/english/film/saint_seiya_the_hades_chapter_1.php|publisher=Toei Animation|access-date=August 30, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090218225817/http://corp.toei-anim.co.jp/english/film/saint_seiya_the_hades_chapter_1.php|archive-date=February 18, 2009}}{{cite book|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 冥王 ハーデス 十二宮編|trans-title=Saint Seiya: The Hades Chapter – Sanctuary|date=August 18, 2003|publisher=Shueisha|language=ja|isbn=978-4-08-782056-0|page=61}} with the episodes released by Bandai Visual on seven DVDs from January 25 to July 25, 2003.{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 冥王 ハーデス十二宮編 1|url=http://member.toei-anim.co.jp/esp/cgi-bin/item.cgi?item_id=BCBA%2d1521&ctg_id=DVD&page=21|publisher=Toei Animation|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050323035028/http://member.toei-anim.co.jp/esp/cgi-bin/item.cgi?item_id=BCBA-1521&ctg_id=DVD&page=21|archive-date=March 23, 2005|language=ja}}{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 冥王 ハーデス十二宮編 7|url=http://member.toei-anim.co.jp/esp/cgi-bin/item.cgi?item_id=BCBA%2d1527&ctg_id=d1040&page=2|publisher=Toei Animation|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050306220527/http://member.toei-anim.co.jp/esp/cgi-bin/item.cgi?item_id=BCBA-1527&ctg_id=d1040&page=2|archive-date=March 6, 2005|language=ja}}
The second part, {{Nihongo|Inferno|冥界編|Meikai-hen|"Underworld Chapter"}}, consists of 12 episodes; from this part onwards there was a recasting for the main characters. The first six episodes were broadcast on SKY PerfecTV! from December 17, 2005, to February 18, 2006,{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 冥王ハーデス冥界編|url=http://www.toei-anim.co.jp/sp/seiya/|publisher=Toei Animation|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051016023959/http://www.toei-anim.co.jp/sp/seiya/|archive-date=October 16, 2005|language=ja}}{{cite web|title=Saint Seiya The Hades Chapter – Inferno 1|url=http://corp.toei-anim.co.jp/english/film/saint_seiya_the_hades_chapteri.php|publisher=Toei Animation|access-date=August 30, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090216052641/http://corp.toei-anim.co.jp/english/film/saint_seiya_the_hades_chapteri.php|archive-date=February 16, 2009}} and were released on three DVDs by Avex from February 22 to April 26, 2006;{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 冥王ハーデス 冥界編 前章 1|url=http://member.toei-anim.co.jp/esp/cgi-bin/item.cgi?item_id=AVBA22571&ctg_id=seiyameika&page=1|publisher=Toei Animation|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060308014841/http://member.toei-anim.co.jp/esp/cgi-bin/item.cgi?item_id=AVBA22571&ctg_id=seiyameika&page=1|archive-date=March 8, 2006|language=ja}}{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 冥王ハーデス 冥界編 前章 3|url=http://member.toei-anim.co.jp/esp/cgi-bin/item.cgi?item_id=AVBA22573&ctg_id=d1040&page=1|publisher=Toei Animation|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071213095028/http://member.toei-anim.co.jp/esp/cgi-bin/item.cgi?item_id=AVBA22573&ctg_id=d1040&page=1|archive-date=December 13, 2007|language=ja}} the following six episodes were broadcast on {{ill|Perfect Choice|ja|パーフェクト・チョイス}} from December 15, 2006, to February 18, 2007,{{cite web|script-title=ja:今月の放送作品|url=http://www.ppvj.co.jp/anime/index.html|publisher={{ill|Perfect Choice|ja|パーフェクト・チョイス}}|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061210194504/http://www.ppvj.co.jp/anime/index.html|archive-date=December 10, 2006|language=ja}}{{cite web|script-title=ja:今月の放送作品|url=http://www.ppvj.co.jp/anime/index.html|publisher={{ill|Perfect Choice|ja|パーフェクト・チョイス}}|access-date=September 1, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070203054710/http://www.ppvj.co.jp/anime/index.html|archive-date=February 3, 2007|language=ja}}{{cite web|title=Saint Seiya The Hades Chapter – Inferno 2|url=http://corp.toei-anim.co.jp/english/film/saint_seiya_the_hades_chapter.php|publisher=Toei Animation|access-date=August 30, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090216052624/http://corp.toei-anim.co.jp/english/film/saint_seiya_the_hades_chapter.php|archive-date=February 16, 2009}} and were released on three DVDs by Avex from January 31 to March 28, 2007.{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 冥王ハーデス 冥界編 後章 1|url=http://member.toei-anim.co.jp/esp/cgi-bin/item.cgi?item_id=AVBA26093|publisher=Toei Animation|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070121051709/http://member.toei-anim.co.jp/esp/cgi-bin/item.cgi?item_id=AVBA26093|archive-date=January 21, 2007|language=ja}}{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 冥王ハーデス 冥界編 後章 3|url=http://member.toei-anim.co.jp/esp/cgi-bin/item.cgi?item_id=AVBA26095&ctg_id=d1040&page=1|publisher=Toei Animation|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071213095044/http://member.toei-anim.co.jp/esp/cgi-bin/item.cgi?item_id=AVBA26095&ctg_id=d1040&page=1|archive-date=December 13, 2007|language=ja}}
The final part, {{Nihongo|Elysion|エリシオン編|Erishion-hen}}, consists of six episodes, which premiered on Perfect Choice from March 7 to August 1, 2008,{{cite web|title=Saint Seiya The Hades Chapter – Elysion on Animax PPV Premia SKY PerfecTV! from March 7, 2008!|url=http://corp.toei-anim.co.jp/english/press/2008/03/saint_seiya_the_hades_chaptere.html|publisher=Toei Animation|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913154914/http://corp.toei-anim.co.jp/english/press/2008/03/saint_seiya_the_hades_chaptere.html|archive-date=September 13, 2008|date=March 3, 2008}}{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 冥王ハーデス 冥界編|url=http://www.ppvj.co.jp/anime/0803st-seiya/index.html|publisher={{ill|Perfect Choice|ja|パーフェクト・チョイス}}|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080215232619/http://www.ppvj.co.jp/anime/0803st-seiya/index.html|archive-date=February 15, 2008|language=ja}} and were released on three DVDs from March 28 to August 22, 2008.{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 冥王ハーデス エリシオン編 1|url=http://member.toei-anim.co.jp/esp/cgi-bin/item.cgi?item_id=AVBA26663|publisher=Toei Animation|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080203161315/http://member.toei-anim.co.jp/esp/cgi-bin/item.cgi?item_id=AVBA26663|archive-date=February 3, 2008|language=ja}}{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 冥王ハーデス エリシオン編 3|url=http://member.toei-anim.co.jp/esp/cgi-bin/item.cgi?item_id=AVBA26665&ctg_id=&page=1|publisher=Toei Animation|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080422172353/http://member.toei-anim.co.jp/esp/cgi-bin/item.cgi?item_id=AVBA26665&ctg_id=&page=1|archive-date=April 22, 2008|language=ja}}
==Original net animations==
{{Main|Saint Seiya: Soul of Gold|Knights of the Zodiac: Saint Seiya}}
An original net animation (ONA) series titled Saint Seiya: Soul of Gold began streaming in 2015.{{Cite web|last=Nelkin|first=Sarah|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2014-10-30/saint-seiya-soul-of-gold-anime-teased-for-next-spring/.80499|title=Saint Seiya Soul of Gold Anime Teased for Next Spring|website=Anime News Network|access-date=July 20, 2019|archive-date=July 20, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720062423/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2014-10-30/saint-seiya-soul-of-gold-anime-teased-for-next-spring/.80499|date=October 30, 2014|url-status=live}}
Another ONA series, Knights of the Zodiac: Saint Seiya, premiered on Netflix, with six episodes, on July 19, 2019.{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2019-03-23/netflix-posts-knights-of-the-zodiac-saint-seiya-cg-anime-japanese-dubbed-video/.144937|title=Netflix Posts Knights of the Zodiac: Saint Seiya CG Anime's Japanese-Dubbed Video|date=March 23, 2019|website=Anime News Network|access-date=June 26, 2019|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110090219/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2019-03-23/netflix-posts-knights-of-the-zodiac-saint-seiya-cg-anime-japanese-dubbed-video/.144937|url-status=live}} Another six episodes premiered on January 23, 2020.{{cite web|last=Pineda|first=Rafael|title=Netflix Posts Video for Knights of the Zodiac: Saint Seiya CG Anime's Part 2|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2020-01-23/netflix-posts-video-for-knights-of-the-zodiac-saint-seiya-cg-anime-part-2/.155690|website=Anime News Network|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=January 23, 2020|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110084637/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2020-01-23/netflix-posts-video-for-knights-of-the-zodiac-saint-seiya-cg-anime-part-2/.155690|url-status=live}} The second season premiered on Crunchyroll on July 31, 2022.{{cite web|last=Hazra|first=Adriana|title=Saint Seiya: Knights of the Zodiac – Battle for Sanctuary CG Anime Streams on Crunchyroll on July 31|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-07-30/saint-seiya-knights-of-the-zodiac-battle-for-sanctuary-cg-anime-streams-on-crunchyroll-on-july-31/.188158|website=Anime News Network|access-date=December 13, 2022|date=July 30, 2022|archive-date=December 13, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221213134606/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-07-30/saint-seiya-knights-of-the-zodiac-battle-for-sanctuary-cg-anime-streams-on-crunchyroll-on-july-31/.188158|url-status=live}}
=Live-action film=
{{Main|Knights of the Zodiac (film){{!}}Knights of the Zodiac (film)}}
In 2003, the French magazine AnimeLand published an interview with Masami Kurumada where the author revealed that a company in Hollywood had approached him some years prior with a fifteen-minute pilot of a live-action film of Saint Seiya. The project was abandoned as Kurumada did not feel the essence of the series had been preserved. In a later interview published in 2005 the reporter was allowed to see the video and commented on how the names of the main characters were changed and noted that one of them, Andromeda Shun had been changed from male to female.{{cite book|title=AnimeLand # 97|date=December 2003|language=fr}}{{cite book|title=AnimeLand # 117|date=December 2005|language=fr}}
In 2017, a collaboration between Toei Animation and Hong Kong-based production company A Really Good Film Company was announced. In the press conference, plans for a live-action Saint Seiya film were detailed,{{Cite web|url=https://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2017/05/18/saint-seiya-inspires-international-live-action-production|title="Saint Seiya" Inspires International Live-Action Production|last=Green|first=Scott|website=Crunchyroll|access-date=July 20, 2019|archive-date=August 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180825160640/http://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2017/05/18/saint-seiya-inspires-international-live-action-production|url-status=live}} and Polish director Tomasz Bagiński was announced as being in charge of filming, based on the 1986 series, which was supposed to take place in 2019.{{Cite web|last=Grater|first=Tom|url=https://www.screendaily.com/news/gfm-films-boosts-afm-slate-with-monkey-prince-knights-of-the-zodiac-exclusive/5134005.article|title=GFM Films boosts AFM slate with 'Monkey Prince', 'Knights Of The Zodiac' (exclusive)|website=Screen Daily|date=October 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181026143358/https://www.screendaily.com/news/gfm-films-boosts-afm-slate-with-monkey-prince-knights-of-the-zodiac-exclusive/5134005.article|access-date=July 20, 2019|archive-date=October 26, 2018}} The film was released in English under the title Knights of the Zodiac. It stars Mackenyu as Seiya, Madison Iseman as Sienna, Sean Bean as Alman Kido, Diego Tinoco as Nero, Famke Janssen as Vander Guraad, Nick Stahl as Cassios and Mark Dacascos as Mylock.{{Cite web|last=Couch|first=Aaron|date=September 21, 2021|title=Mackenyu, Madison Iseman, Sean Bean, Famke Janssen to Star in Live-Action 'Knights of the Zodiac' Adaptation (Exclusive)|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/saint-seiya-sean-bean-famke-janssen-knights-zodiac-live-action-exclusive-1235017474/|access-date=September 21, 2022|website=The Hollywood Reporter|archive-date=September 22, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922005543/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/saint-seiya-sean-bean-famke-janssen-knights-zodiac-live-action-exclusive-1235017474/|url-status=live}} The film premiered in Japan on April 28, 2023.{{cite web|first=Crystalyn|last=Hodgkins|title=Live-Action Knights of the Zodiac Film Opens in 2023|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-07-23/live-action-knights-of-the-zodiac-film-opens-in-2023/.187957|website=Anime News Network|date=July 23, 2022|access-date=July 26, 2022|archive-date=July 26, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220726025949/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-07-23/live-action-knights-of-the-zodiac-film-opens-in-2023/.187957|url-status=live}}{{cite web|last=Mateo|first=Alex|title=Saint Seiya Manga's Live-Action Knights of the Zodiac Film's Trailer Reveals Japanese Title, April 28 Opening|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2023-02-14/saint-seiya-manga-live-action-knights-of-the-zodiac-film-trailer-reveals-japanese-title-april-28-/.194913|website=Anime News Network|access-date=February 17, 2023|date=February 14, 2023|archive-date=February 17, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217044755/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2023-02-14/saint-seiya-manga-live-action-knights-of-the-zodiac-film-trailer-reveals-japanese-title-april-28-/.194913|url-status=live}} Sony Pictures distributed the film outside Japan, except in China and the Middle East.
=Stage plays=
In August 1991, a musical, sponsored by Bandai, was performed at the Aoyama theater in Tokyo, Japan. The story retells the Sanctuary and Poseidon chapters. The cast included members of SMAP as the five Bronze Saints and Poseidon. The characters Aries Mu, Leo Aiolia, and Scorpio Milo were portrayed by members of another band, Tokio.
A stage play adaptation of the first Saint Seiya film, Evil Goddess Eris, ran at Shibuya's {{ill|Space Zero|ja|スペース・ゼロ}} theater from July 28–31, 2011.{{cite web|last=Hodgkins|first=Crystalyn|title=Saint Seiya Anime's 1st Film Gets New Stage Musical|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2011-05-16/saint-seiya-anime-1st-film-gets-new-stage-musical|website=Anime News Network|access-date=December 7, 2024|date=May 16, 2011}}
=Video games=
{{See also|List of Saint Seiya video games{{!}}List of Saint Seiya video games}}
Several video games have been released based on the series.
=Discography=
Seiji Yokoyama was the main composer for the Saint Seiya original anime series. A selection is listed below:
- Saint Seiya Original Soundtrack I–VIII (1987–1989){{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 音楽集[帯付]|url=https://www.suruga-ya.jp/kaitori/kaitori_detail/252013850|website=suruga-ya.jp|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240828105704/https://www.suruga-ya.jp/kaitori/kaitori_detail/252013850|archive-date=August 28, 2024|language=ja|url-status=live}}{{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 音楽集8 最終聖戦の戦士たち|url=https://www.suruga-ya.jp/kaitori/kaitori_detail/120004243|website=suruga-ya.jp|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240828110125/https://www.suruga-ya.jp/kaitori/kaitori_detail/120004243|archive-date=August 28, 2024|language=ja|url-status=live}}
- Saint Seiya – Piano Fantasia (1989){{cite web|script-title=ja:ピアノファンタジア 聖闘士星矢|url=https://www.suruga-ya.jp/kaitori/kaitori_detail/120012383|website=suruga-ya.jp|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240828113622/https://www.suruga-ya.jp/kaitori/kaitori_detail/120012383|archive-date=August 28, 2024|language=ja|url-status=live}}
- Saint Seiya – Hades (1990){{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 冥王ハーデス篇|url=https://www.suruga-ya.jp/kaitori/kaitori_detail/120011278|website=suruga-ya.jp|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240828113223/https://www.suruga-ya.jp/kaitori/kaitori_detail/120011278|archive-date=August 28, 2024|language=ja|url-status=live}}
- Saint Seiya – 1996 Song Collection (1996){{cite web|title=Saint Seiya Hit song collection|url=https://www.cdjapan.co.jp/product/COCC-13258|publisher=CDJapan|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240828110744/https://www.cdjapan.co.jp/product/COCC-13258|archive-date=August 28, 2024|url-status=live}}
- Saint Seiya – 1997 Shonenki (1997){{cite web|script-title=ja:SAINT SEIYA 1997-少年記-|url=https://www.suruga-ya.jp/kaitori/kaitori_detail/120004370|website=suruga-ya.jp|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240828111322/https://www.suruga-ya.jp/kaitori/kaitori_detail/120004370|archive-date=August 28, 2024|language=ja|url-status=live}}
- Saint Seiya – Gold Collection: Best Songs & Symphonic Suites (spanning 5 CDs) (1997){{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 THE GOLD COLLECTION~BEST SONGS & SYMPHONIC SUITES|url=https://www.suruga-ya.jp/kaitori/kaitori_detail/120015573|website=suruga-ya.jp|access-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240828112417/https://www.suruga-ya.jp/kaitori/kaitori_detail/120015573|archive-date=August 28, 2024|language=ja|url-status=live}}
- Saint Seiya – Memorial Box (spanning 5 CDs) (2002){{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 MEMORIAL BOX《限定再プレス》|url=https://columbia.jp/prod-info/COCC-7321-5/|publisher=Nippon Columbia|access-date=August 28, 2024|language=ja|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240828113946/https://columbia.jp/prod-info/COCC-7321-5/|archive-date=August 28, 2024|url-status=live}}
- Saint Seiya – Song Selection (2016){{cite web|script-title=ja:聖闘士星矢 SONG SELECTION|url=https://columbia.jp/prod-info/COCX-39658-9/|publisher=Nippon Columbia|access-date=August 28, 2024|language=ja|archive-date=December 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201123101/https://columbia.jp/prod-info/COCX-39658-9/|url-status=live}}
=Other media=
In the early 1990s, Renaissance-Atlantic Entertainment planned to produce an American animated version of the series titled Guardians of the Cosmos. Only a pilot was made, and the intro was revealed at the end of YouTuber Ray Mona's documentary on the subject titled The Secret Stories of Saint Seiya in December 2022.{{cite web|last=Morrissy|first=Kim|title=Lost 90s American Animated Saint Seiya Teaser Finally Unveiled|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2022-12-02/lost-90s-american-animated-saint-seiya-teaser-finally-unveiled/.192475|website=Anime News Network|access-date=December 2, 2022|date=December 2, 2022|archive-date=December 2, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221202185505/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2022-12-02/lost-90s-american-animated-saint-seiya-teaser-finally-unveiled/.192475|url-status=live}} The full pilot was showcased in the follow-up documentary The Secret Stories of Saint Seiya Part 2 in April 2023.{{cite web|last=Morrissy|first=Kim|title=Lost '90s American Animated Saint Seiya Pilot Episode Goes Public|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2023-04-12/lost-90s-american-animated-saint-seiya-pilot-episode-goes-public/.197009|website=Anime News Network|access-date=April 12, 2023|date=April 12, 2023|archive-date=April 12, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412195600/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2023-04-12/lost-90s-american-animated-saint-seiya-pilot-episode-goes-public/.197009|url-status=live}} In September 2024, Marshall uploaded to her channel the pilot episode of StarStorm, a proposed live-action adaptation of Saint Seiya made in the 1990s.{{cite web|last=Iikura-Gross|first=Ken|title=Lost Live-Action American Saint Seiya Pilot Episode Found|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2024-09-30/lost-live-action-american-saint-seiya-pilot-episode-found/.215167|website=Anime News Network|access-date=October 1, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001095232/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2024-09-30/lost-live-action-american-saint-seiya-pilot-episode-found/.215167|archive-date=October 1, 2024|date=September 30, 2024|url-status=live}}
An exhibition was held in Akihabara in June 2016 to celebrate the manga's 30th anniversary, with numerous commemorative gadgets on sale;{{cite web|last=Loveridge|first=Lynzee|title=Saint Seiya 30th Anniversary Exhibit Will Display 12 Life-Size, Golden Armor Saints|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2016-01-20/saint-seiya-30th-anniversary-exhibit-will-display-12-life-size-golden-armor-saints/.97782|website=Anime News Network|access-date=August 28, 2024|date=January 20, 2016|archive-date=May 21, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521225704/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2016-01-20/saint-seiya-30th-anniversary-exhibit-will-display-12-life-size-golden-armor-saints/.97782|url-status=live}}{{cite web|script-title=ja:君もペガサスの聖闘士に!星矢30周年展でバーチャル聖衣装着コーナー登場|url=https://natalie.mu/comic/news/190469|website=Comic Natalie|publisher=Natasha, Inc.|access-date=August 28, 2024|language=ja|date=June 10, 2016|archive-date=December 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221234259/https://natalie.mu/comic/news/190469|url-status=live}} a second exhibition was held in Hong Kong in August of that same year;{{cite web|last=Lo|first=Kinling|title='I cannot miss this': grown Hong Kong men spend hours in line for limited-edition Saint Seiya figures|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/2000887/i-cannot-miss-grown-hong-kong-men-spend-hours-line-limited-edition|publisher=South China Morning Post|access-date=October 1, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160813081356/https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/2000887/i-cannot-miss-grown-hong-kong-men-spend-hours-line-limited-edition|archive-date=August 13, 2016|date=August 8, 2016}}{{cite web|title='Saint Seiya' 30th anniversary exhibition shines in Hong Kong|url=https://global.chinadaily.com.cn/culture/2016-08/10/content_26418262.htm|publisher=China Daily|access-date=August 28, 2024|date=August 10, 2016|archive-date=September 15, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915235002/https://global.chinadaily.com.cn/culture/2016-08/10/content_26418262.htm|url-status=live}} a third exhibition was held in China (Shanghai) from December 2017 to March 2018.{{cite web|author=Yang Jian|title=Exhibition begins on popular Japanese cartoon|url=https://www.shine.cn/news/metro/1712157864/|publisher=Shanghai Daily|access-date=October 1, 2024|date=December 15, 2017|archive-date=October 1, 2024|archive-url=https://archive.today/20241001100101/https://www.shine.cn/news/metro/1712157864/|url-status=live}}
Reception
The Saint Seiya manga has sold over 25 million copies in Japan by 2007.{{cite web|title=Comipress News article on "The Rise and Fall of Weekly Shōnen Jump"|url=http://comipress.com/article/2007/05/06/1923|date=May 6, 2007|website=comipress.com|access-date=February 14, 2007|archive-date=February 13, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120213050220/http://comipress.com/article/2007/05/06/1923|url-status=live}} It had over 35 million copies in circulation by 2017,{{cite web|last=Ressler|first=Karen|title=Saint Seiya Manga Gets Live-Action Hollywood Film|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-05-18/saint-seiya-manga-gets-live-action-hollywood-film/.116261|website=Anime News Network|access-date=November 10, 2021|date=May 18, 2017|archive-date=November 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111195046/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-05-18/saint-seiya-manga-gets-live-action-hollywood-film/.116261|url-status=live}} and over 50 million copies in circulation by 2022.{{cite web|script-title=ja:TVアニメ『聖闘士星矢』獅子座のアイオリア&水瓶座のカミュの35周年ダイジェスト映像が公開! 公式サイトにて、描き下ろしビジュアルが公開|url=https://www.animatetimes.com/news/details.php?id=1644202562|website=Animate Times|access-date=March 29, 2022|language=ja|date=February 7, 2022|archive-date=May 21, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220521012208/https://www.animatetimes.com/news/details.php?id=1644202562|url-status=live}} The anime series won the Animage Anime Grand Prix prize in 1987.{{cite web|url=http://animage.jp/old/gp/gp_1988.html|title=Anime Grand Prix Winner, 1987|publisher=Animage|language=ja|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014221205/http://animage.jp/old/gp/gp_1988.html|archive-date=October 14, 2013}} In Animage's 2001 "Top-100 Anime" ranking, Saint Seiya was 53rd.{{cite web|url=http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2001-01-15/animage-top-100-anime-listing|title=Animage Top-100 Anime Listing|website=Anime News Network|date=January 15, 2001|access-date=February 13, 2008|archive-date=April 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415220509/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2001-01-15/animage-top-100-anime-listing|url-status=live}} In 2006, TV Asahi conducted a nationwide survey for the one hundred most popular animated television series, where Saint Seiya came in 25th place.{{cite web|url=http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2006-10-13/japan%27s-favorite-tv-anime|title=Japan's Favorite TV Anime|website=Anime News Network|date=October 13, 2006|access-date=February 13, 2008|archive-date=June 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615044506/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2006-10-13/japan%27s-favorite-tv-anime|url-status=live}} In NHK's "Best 100 Anime" online poll ranking, celebrating a century of Japanese Animation, Saint Seiya came in 123rd place.{{Cite web|url=http://www.nhk.or.jp/anime/anime100/ani_report/101.html|script-title=ja:ベスト・アニメ100投票結果発表|publisher=NHK|access-date=October 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171007173746/http://www.nhk.or.jp/anime/anime100/ani_report/101.html|archive-date=October 7, 2017|url-status=dead|language=ja}}
The series was considered one of the biggest phenomena of the 1980s. It would become the inspiration for future series, including several Gundam series such as Mobile Suit Gundam Wing and Mobile Fighter G Gundam,{{cite AV media|people=Imagawa, Yasuhiro (Director)|date=February 18, 2003|title=Mobile Fighter G Gundam G-File #6|type=DVD|publisher=Bandai Entertainment|asin=B00007L4L5}} Legend of Heavenly Sphere Shurato, Ronin Warriors, Wild Knights Gulkeeva, and Kurumada's later work B't X.{{cite book|last=Clements|first=Jonathan|author-link=Jonathan Clements|author2=Helen McCarthy|title=The Anime Encyclopedia: A Guide to Japanese Animation Since 1917|date=September 1, 2001|publisher=Stone Bridge Press|location=Berkeley, California|isbn=978-1-880656-64-8|oclc=47255331|pages=48, 157, 160|edition=1st }} In The Anime Encyclopedia: A Guide to Japanese Animation Since 1917, Jonathan Clements and Helen McCarthy praises the series' complex plot and felt that animation designers' Shingo Araki and Michi Himeno had worked "magic" with both the anime series and the films. They also praised the grand soundtrack and director Shigeyasu Yamauchi's ability to stretch out the tension and chose the perfect places to stop an episode to keep audiences waiting for the next one. Clements and McCarthy did, however, find the series disturbing in that its main emotional impact comes from the audience seeing "older boys and men fighting brave but naive teenagers" and through victories earning more weapons.{{cite book|last=Clements|first=Jonathan|author-link=Jonathan Clements|author2=Helen McCarthy|title=The Anime Encyclopedia: A Guide to Japanese Animation Since 1917|date=September 1, 2001|publisher=Stone Bridge Press|location=Berkeley, California|isbn=978-1-880656-64-8|oclc=47255331|pages=338–339|edition=1st }} Jason Thompson describes the series as being "almost pure battle".{{Cite web|last=Thompson|first=Jason|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/house-of-1000-manga/2010-11-18|title=Jason Thompson's House of 1000 Manga – Saint Seiya: Knights of the Zodiac|website=Anime News Network|date=November 18, 2010|access-date=July 29, 2018|archive-date=September 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170927153144/http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/house-of-1000-manga/2010-11-18|url-status=live}}
{{Transliteration|ja|Yaoi}} {{Transliteration|ja|doujinshi}} based on Saint Seiya popularized the term "{{Transliteration|ja|yaoi}}" in 1987.McHarry, Mark. [http://www.guidemag.com/temp/yaoi/a/mcharry_yaoi.html Yaoi: Redrawing Male Love] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080417001927/http://www.guidemag.com/temp/yaoi/a/mcharry_yaoi.html|date=April 17, 2008 }} The Guide November 2003 Saint Seiya was particularly popular as a subject in {{Transliteration|ja|yaoi}} as it had a large cast which was predominantly male. This allowed "an incredible number" of pairings, although Andromeda Shun was one of the more popular characters to create {{Transliteration|ja|yaoi}} for.{{cite book|first=Sébastien|last=Kimbergt|contribution=Ces mangas qui utilisent le yaoi pour doper leurs ventes|editor-last=Brient|editor-first=Hervé|title=Homosexualité et manga : le yaoi|publisher=Editions H|series=Manga: 10000 images|year=2008|isbn=978-2-9531781-0-4|pages=113–115|language=fr}}
Tite Kubo, the author of the manga series Bleach, named Saint Seiya as one of his biggest inspirations for the designs of the different types of weapons that his characters use in the story as well as the battle scenes.{{cite web|url=http://manga.about.com/od/mangaartistinterviews/a/TiteKubo.htm|title=Interview: Tite Kubo (page 1)|author=Deb Aoki|publisher=About.com|access-date=September 16, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080807012345/http://manga.about.com/od/mangaartistinterviews/a/TiteKubo.htm|archive-date=August 7, 2008}}
Saint Seiya: Soul of Gold (2015) drew a {{nowrap|50 million}} viewership worldwide by September 2015.{{cite news|title=Latest SAINT SEIYA series to commemorate its 30th anniversary "SAINT SEIYA-soul of gold-" The number of views has exceeded 50 million worldwide!|url=https://corp.toei-anim.co.jp/en/press/press1741357214957798827.html|access-date=March 9, 2022|publisher=Toei Animation|date=September 25, 2015|archive-date=March 9, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220309003127/https://corp.toei-anim.co.jp/en/press/press1741357214957798827.html|url-status=live}}
References
{{Reflist}}
Further reading
- {{cite journal|last=Piatti-Farnell|first=Lorna|title=Blood, Biceps, and Beautiful Eyes: Cultural Representations of Masculinity in Masami Kurumada's Saint Seiya|journal=The Journal of Popular Culture|date=December 2013|volume=46|issue=6|pages=1133–1155|doi=10.1111/jpcu.12081}}
External links
{{wiktionary|Appendix:Saint Seiya}}
{{Commons|Saint Seiya}}
- {{Official website|http://saintseiya-official.com/}} {{in lang|ja}}
- {{Anime News Network|manga|1829}}
{{Saint Seiya}}
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Category:Classical mythology in anime and manga
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