:Toliara Province

Masikoro Malagasy and Tandroy Malagasy were the chief languages.{{sfn|Frawley|2003|p=205}} Sea cucumbers were exported from the province and were an important factor in its economy.{{sfn|Lovatelli|Conand|2004|p=141}} The deciduous Andronovory forest was located in the province.{{sfn|Collins|Morris|1985|p=354}}

The province was the poorest one in Madagascar. In 1993, 8 in every 10 person of the province was living below the poverty line. Despite the production of export crops the province recorded the highest rural poverty.{{sfn|International Monetary Fund|1997|p=47}}{{sfn|International Monetary Fund|2003|p=20}} The average fertility rate per woman was above 5.{{sfn|International Monetary Fund|1997|p=52}} With 77 percent of its population being illiterate, Tolaira was the most illiterate province of Madagascar. Only 22 percent of the province's population had received primary level education.{{sfn|International Monetary Fund|1997|p=53}}{{sfn|World Bank|2002|p=50}}

The commercially valuable softwood tree Givotia madagascariensis, found in Antananarivo and Toliara provinces was endemic to Madagascar.{{sfn|Lemmens|Louppe|Oteng-Amoako|p=364}} The oil producing plant moringa drouhardii was endemic to Toliara province.{{sfn|van der Vossen|Mkamilo|2007|p=118}} Deforestation was a major issue for the province.{{sfn|Cook|2010|p=84}} In April 1971, a peasant rebellion was organised by MONIMA leader Monja Joana. The peasants refused to pay taxes and the government retaliated by dissolving MONIMA and deporting Joana.{{sfn|Europa Publications|2003|p=261}}

Toliara province offered poor transport and security facilities.{{sfn|International Monetary Fund|2003|p=29}}{{sfn|International Monetary Fund|2003|p=32}} Potable water was accessible to only 24.9% of the province's households.{{sfn|International Monetary Fund|2003|p=39}} It was rich in terms of minerals.[http://www.mindat.org/loc-58632.html List of minerals]{{sfn|Milisenda|Henn|1996|pp=177–178}} Toliara province was in the news in July 2005 for its mining activity.{{cite news|last=McKay|first=David |date=19 July 2005|title=Africa's new mining province|newspaper=miningmx.com |url=http://www.miningmx.com/special_reports/mining-yearbook/2005/460202.htm|access-date=27 February 2013}}

The provinces were abolished following the results of Malagasy constitutional referendum, 2007 which led to the formation of 22 smaller areas (faritra or regions) to facilitate regional development.{{cite news|title=Initial result shows "Yes" to revision of constitution in Madagascar|url=http://english.people.com.cn/200704/07/eng20070407_364472.html|website=People's Daily Online|access-date=20 September 2014|date=7 April 2007}}

Image:Toliara div.png

Toliara Province was divided into four regions of Madagascar - Androy, Anosy, Atsimo Andrefana and Menabe. These four regions became the first-level administrative divisions when the provinces were abolished in 2009. They are sub-divided into 21 districts:

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

• Androy region:
• Ambovombe-Androy
• Bekily
• Beloha
• Tsiombe
• Anosy region:
• Amboasary Sud
• Betroka
• Taolanaro
• Atsimo-Andrefana region:
• Ampanihy Ouest
• Ankazoabo
• Benenitra
• Beroroha
• Betioky-Atsimo
• Morombe
• Sakaraha
• Toliara II
• Toliara
• Menabe region:
• Belon'i Tsiribihina
• Mahabo
• Manja
• Miandrivazo
• Morondava

{{div col end}}

{{clear}}

{{Reflist|24em}}

• {{cite book |last1=Collins |first1=N. Mark |authorlink1=N. Mark Collins |last2=Morris |first2=Michael G. |date=1985 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/98674#page/366/mode/1up |title=Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book |publisher=IUCN |location=Gland & Cambridge |chapter=Papilio (Princeps) morondavana Grose-smith, 1891 |pages=354–355 |isbn=978-2-88032-603-6 |via=Biodiversity Heritage Library}}
• {{cite book|last=Cook|first=Jonathan A.|title=Vulnerable Places, Vulnerable People: Trade Liberalization, Rural Poverty and the Environment|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VBmmJHqwtw8C&pg=PA84 |date=2010|publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing|isbn=978-1-84980-519-3}}
• {{cite book|author=Europa Publications|title=Political Chronology of Africa|date=2003|publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-135-35666-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0O86sZdHfHUC&pg=PA261}}
• {{cite book|last=Frawley|first=William|authorlink=William Frawley|title=International Encyclopedia of Linguistics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sl_dDVctycgC&pg=PA205|year=2003|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-513977-8|page=205}}
• {{cite book|title=Madagascar: Recent Economic Developments and Selected Issues|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Em6bMtKRT8YC&pg=PA47|date=1997|publisher=International Monetary Fund|isbn=978-1-4519-9201-4|ref={{sfnRef|International Monetary Fund|1997}}}}
• {{cite book|title=Madagascar: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bu4AOy-h17kC&pg=PA20|year=2003|publisher=International Monetary Fund|id=GGKEY:WBCZZ86945A|ref={{sfnRef|International Monetary Fund|2003}}}}
• {{cite book|last1=Lemmens|first1=R.H.M.J.|last2=Louppe|first2=D.|last3=Oteng-Amoako|first3=A.A.|title=Timbers 2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4MpmAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA364|publisher=PROTA|isbn=978-92-9081-495-5}}
• {{cite book|last1=Lovatelli|first1=Alessandro|last2=Conand|first2=C.|title=Advances in Sea Cucumber Aquaculture and Management|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_0dge3Xh6EjUC_2|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_0dge3Xh6EjUC_2/page/n145 141]|year=2004|publisher=Food & Agriculture Org.|isbn=978-92-5-105163-4}}
• {{cite journal|last1=Milisenda|first1=Claudio C.|last2=Henn|first2=U.|title=Compositional characteristics of sapphires from a new find in Madagascar|journal=The Journal of Gemmology|date=1996|volume=25|issue=3 |pages=177–184 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tVDzAAAAMAAJ |publisher=Gemmological Association of Great Britain|location=Great Britain|doi=10.15506/JoG.1996.25.3.177}}
• {{cite book|last1=van der Vossen|first1=H.A.M.|last2=Mkamilo|first2=G.S.|title=Vegetable oils|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YW-ZbQnWQYsC&pg=PA118|year=2007|publisher=PROTA|isbn=978-90-5782-191-2}}
• {{cite book|title=Education and Training in Madagascar: Toward a Policy Agenda for Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pQFES6C7g9oC&pg=PA50|date=2002|publisher=World Bank Publications|isbn=978-0-8213-5164-2|ref={{sfnRef|World Bank|2002}}}}

{{Provinces of Madagascar}}

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Category:Provinces of Madagascar