:William Summer Johnson
{{short description|American chemist and teacher (1913–1995)}}
{{Other people|William Johnson}}
William Summer Johnson (February 24, 1913 – August 19, 1995) was an American chemist and teacher.
From 1940 to 1958, Johnson was an instructor and then professor at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. In 1958, he moved to Stanford University in California where he spent the remainder of his scientific career. He did important research in the artificial production of steroids and was awarded the National Medal of Science in 1987.
The Lemieux–Johnson oxidation, in which an olefin is converted into two aldehyde or ketone fragments, is named after him and Raymond Lemieux.{{cite journal|last1=Pappo|first1=R.|last2=Allen, Jr.|first2=D. S.|last3=Lemieux|first3=R. U.|last4=Johnson|first4=W. S.|title=Notes - Osmium Tetroxide-Catalyzed Periodate Oxidation of Olefinic Bonds|journal=The Journal of Organic Chemistry|year=1956|volume=21|issue=4|pages=478–479|doi=10.1021/jo01110a606}}
Education
- PhD, Harvard University (1940)
- AM, Harvard University
- BA, magna cum laude, Amherst College (1936){{cite web|title=William Summer Johnson Department of Chemistry|url=https://chemistry.stanford.edu/people/johnson-william-s|website=Stanford Chemistry|publisher=Stanford University|access-date=22 January 2018}}
Awards
- 1968 William H. Nichols Medal
- 1987 National Medal of Science
- 1989 Arthur C. Cope Award.{{cite web|url=http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/funding-and-awards/awards/national/bytopic/arthur-c-cope-award.html| title= Arthur C. Cope Award|publisher= ACS|access-date = 19 January 2015}}
- 1991 Tetrahedron Prize for Creativity in Organic Chemistry & BioMedicinal Chemistry{{cite web|url = http://www.elsevier.com/physical-sciences/chemistry/organic-chemistry/tetrahedron-prize-for-creativity-in-organic-chemistry-or-bioorganic-medicinal-chemistry|title = Tetrahedron Prize for Creativity in Organic Chemistry or Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry|publisher = Elsevier|access-date = 28 January 2015|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140909101444/http://www.elsevier.com/physical-sciences/chemistry/organic-chemistry/tetrahedron-prize-for-creativity-in-organic-chemistry-or-bioorganic-medicinal-chemistry|archive-date = 9 September 2014}}
References
External links
- {{cite web |url=http://histsoc.stanford.edu/pdfmem/JohnsonW.pdf |title=MEMORIAL RESOLUTION: WILLIAM SUMMER JOHNSON |work=Stanford Historical Society |access-date=2008-10-30}}
- [http://facultysenate.stanford.edu/memorial_resolutions/Johnson_William_SenD5361.pdf Memorial biography at Stanford University]
- [http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/johnson-william-s.pdf National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir]
{{Winners of the National Medal of Science|chemistry}}
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Category:20th-century American chemists
Category:National Medal of Science laureates
Category:Amherst College alumni
Category:Harvard University alumni
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