:Yun Po-sun

{{Infobox officeholder

| honorific-prefix = His Excellency

| native_name = {{nobold|윤보선}}

| native_name_lang = ko

| image = 윤보선 대통령 존영2 (cropped).jpg

| caption = Official portrait, 1960

| order = 2nd

| office = President of South Korea

| primeminister = {{plainlist|

Ho Chong
Chang Myon
Chang Do-yong{{efn|name=Supreme Council|as Chief Cabinet Minister of the Supreme Council for National Reconstruction.}}
Song Yo-chan{{efn|name=Supreme Council}}

}}

| term_start = 13 August 1960

| term_end = 24 March 1962

| predecessor = Syngman Rhee
Baek Nak-jun (acting)

| successor = Park Chung Hee

| order1 = 2nd

| office1 = Mayor of Seoul

| term_start1 = 15 December 1948

| term_end1 = 5 June 1949

| predecessor1 = {{interlanguage link|Kim Hyong-min|ko|김형민 (1909년)}}

| successor1 = Lee Ki-poong

| birth_date = {{Birth date|1897|8|26|mf=y}}

| birth_place = Asan County, South Chungcheong Province, Joseon

| death_date = {{death date and age|1990|7|18|1897|8|26}}

| death_place = Jongno District, Seoul, South Korea

| resting_place = Yun Family Cemetery, Asan

| alma_mater = University of Edinburgh (MA)

| spouse = {{marriage|Min Kyung-suk|1915|1937|end=died}}
{{marriage|Gong Deok-gwi|1948}}

| children = 4

| party = Democratic (1955)
New Democratic (1967)

| signature = Yoon Po-Seon signature.svg

| module = {{Infobox Korean name/auto

| title = Korean name

| hangul = %윤보선

| hanja = 尹潽善

| hangulho = %_해위

| hanjaho = 海葦

| hangulja = %_경천

| hanjaja = 敬天

| child = yes}}

| relations = Yun Chi-sung (uncle)

| module2 = {{Listen voice

| filename = Yun Po-sun's inaugural address after being sworn into office.wav

| description = Yun's inaugural address after being sworn into office

| recorded = 13 August 1960

}}

Yun Po-sun ({{korean|hangul=윤보선}}, {{IPA|ko|junbosʌn|pron}} or {{IPA|ko|jun|}} {{IPA|ko|posʌn|}}; August 26, 1897 – July 18, 1990) was a South Korean politician and activist who served as the second president of South Korea from 1960 to 1962. He was the only president of the short-lived Second Republic of Korea, and served as little more than a figurehead due to its nature as a parliamentary system.

Having entered politics after World War II, Yun served as Secretary to Korea's Chief of Staff in 1947, and was Mayor of Seoul in 1948. He served as Commerce Minister for the newly liberated Korea from 1949 to 1950. In 1955, Yun helped establish the South Korean Democratic Party. He was forced to resign the presidency by Park Chung Hee as a result of the May 16 coup in 1961.

Early life

Yun Po-sun was born in Dunpo-myeon, Asan, South Chungcheong Province in 1897. He was a son of Yun Chi-so (윤치소, 尹致昭, 1871–1944) and Lady Yi Beom-suk (이범숙, 李範淑, 1876–1969). Yun Chiso is the second son of Yun Yeong-ryeol (윤영렬;尹英烈). Yun Yeong-ryeol is an 8th generation descendant of the prominent Joseon scholar-official Yun Doo-su (윤두수;尹斗壽). Yun studied in the United Kingdom, graduating with a Master of Arts from the University of Edinburgh in 1930. He returned to Korea in 1932.

Political career

Yun entered politics in 1945 following Gwangbokjeol (Liberation Day). The first Doctor of Philosophy from Princeton University in Korea, as well as first President of South Korea, Dr. Syngman Rhee, was his mentor. By 1947, Yun was serving as Secretary to the Korean Chief of Staff. In 1948, Rhee appointed Yun to the position of mayor of Seoul. A year later, he was made Minister of Commerce and Industry. However, Yun soon began to disagree with Rhee's authoritarian policies.

While serving as president of the Red Cross Society, he was elected to the National Assembly in 1954. A year later, he co-founded the opposition South Korean Democratic Party. In 1959, he became a representative to the Supreme Council of the Democratic Party.

Presidency (1960–62)

Rhee's government was ousted by a student-led, pro-democracy uprising in 1960; and Yun was elected president by the newly elected parliament on August 13, with Chang Myon as Prime Minister. In the aftermath of the authoritarian excesses of Rhee's regime, South Korea had switched to a parliamentary system; thus, Yun served merely as a ceremonial president.

Following Park Chung Hee's coup in 1961, Yun stayed in his post in order to provide some legitimacy to the new regime, but resigned on 24 March 1962. In the following years, Yun received suspended sentences several times for anti-government activities. He opposed Park's authoritarian rule{{cite journal|title=The Japan-Korea Normalization Process and Korean Anti-Americanism|journal=Asian Survey|volume=6|issue=4|pages=241–248|year=1966|jstor=2642122|last1=Mobius|first1=J. Mark|doi=10.2307/2642122}} and ran for president twice, in 1963 and 1967, losing both times.

Post presidency (1962–1990)

Yun retired from politics in 1980 and focused his life on cultural activities until his death in 1990.{{citation needed|date = July 2024}}

Death and state funeral

Yun Posun died at Anguk-dong, Jongno District, Seoul at the age of 92. He was accorded a state funeral by President Roh Tae-woo and was interred at Seonsan, Asan, South Chungcheong Province.{{cite news|title=Yun Po Sun, 92, Dies; Ex-President of Korea|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/07/19/obituaries/yun-po-sun-92-dies-ex-president-of-korea.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=July 19, 1990}}

Awards

Grand Order of Mugunghwa
In-Cheon Cultural AwardNote: The Kim Seong-su Memoriam

Notes

References

External links

[http://www.yunposun.or.kr/ Official website] {{in lang|ko}}
[http://www.yunposun.com/ Papyeong Yun clan website]
[https://archive.today/20140416194654/http://www.rokps.or.kr/m4_profile_view.asp?num=401 Yun Posun] at Heonjeonghoe {{in lang|ko}}
[http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Index?contents_id=E0042339 Yun Posun] at Encyclopedia of Korean Culture {{in lang|ko}}

{{succession box

|before = Heo Jeong
(Acting)

|title = President of South Korea

|years = 13 August 1960–22 March 1962

|after = Park Chung Hee

}}

{{succession box

|before = Kim Hyung-min

|title = Mayor of Seoul City

|years = 1948–1949

|after = Lee Ki-poong

}}