:en:Black site

Black sites are clandestine detention centers operated by a state where prisoners who have not been charged with a crime are incarcerated without due process or court order, are often mistreated and murdered, and have no recourse to bail.{{cite dictionary| title=black site| dictionary=Collins English Dictionary|url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/black-site}}{{cite news|title=Detainee says China has secret jail in Dubai, holds Uyghurs |url=https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/4270887 |newspaper=Taiwan News|agency=Associated Press|date=August 16, 2021}}{{cite news |title=EU endorses damning report on CIA |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6360817.stm|work=BBC News |date=February 14, 2007}}

Argentina

Several clandestine detention centres operated in Argentina during the military dictatorship that ruled the country from 1976 to 1983. Prisoners, many of whom had been "disappeared", were tortured and murdered, including pregnant women who were killed after giving birth, and their babies given to military families.{{cite news| last1=Tondo | first1=Lorenzo |first2=Elena|last2=Basso|last3=Jones | first3=Sam | title=Adopted by their parents' enemies: tracing the stolen children of Argentina's 'dirty war' |newspaper=The Guardian | date=16 January 2023 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2023/jan/16/tracing-stolen-children-of-argentina-dirty-war}}

China

Black sites are widespread within China and a Chinese black site has been alleged to exist in Dubai by a former detainee. Black sites in China are also known as "black jails".{{cite news |last1=LANGFITT |first1=FRANK |title=For Complainers, A Stint In China's 'Black Jails' |url=https://www.npr.org/2012/11/01/163949720/for-complainers-a-stint-in-chinas-black-jails |newspaper=NPR.org |publisher=NPR |access-date=16 August 2021}}

Egypt

Black sites are used extensively by the Egyptian security services. During the Egyptian Crisis (2011–2014) hundreds of protesters alleged that torture occurred at these black sites. The Egyptian security service also operated black sites involved with the CIA's counter-terror black site program.{{cite news |last1=Rosenfeld |first1=Jesse |title=Egypt's Black Site Torture Camps |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/egypts-black-site-torture-camps |newspaper=The Daily Beast |date=June 19, 2014 |access-date=16 August 2021}}

Iran

Rights groups have documented abuse in clandestine detention centers. Sources cited by CNN noted in 2023 that black-site torture appeared to increase during the Mahsa Amini protests.{{cite news |title=How Iran used a network of secret torture centers to crush an uprising |url=https://www.cnn.com/interactive/2023/02/middleeast/iran-torture-jails-black-sites-mahsa-amini-protests-cmd-intl/ |access-date=20 March 2023 |work=www.cnn.com |date=2023}}

Israel

A former black site in Israel was Camp 1391, noted as the "Israeli Guantanamo".

Russia

In Chechnya, gay men have allegedly been tortured at black sites by the Chechen National Guard.{{cite news |last1=Krupkin |first1=Taly |title=Gay Men in Chechnya Tell of Black Sites Where They're Tortured, Some to Death |url=https://www.haaretz.com/world-news/europe/.premium-gay-men-in-chechnya-tell-of-black-sites-where-theyre-tortured-1.5457708 |newspaper=Haaretz |access-date=16 August 2021}} Gay men in other parts of Russia have been kidnapped and transported to sites in Chechnya, where over 100 have been tortured, and some killed.{{Cite news|date=2017-04-11|title=Chechen police 'kidnap and torture gay men' - LGBT activists|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-39566136|access-date=2022-02-06}} Chechen authorities have thwarted attempts by the Russian LGBT Network to help gay people in Chechnya escape to safe locations in Russia, and inhibited investigations by the Russian Commissioner for Human Rights Tatyana Moskalkova. Despite protests in major Russian cities against the situation in Chechnya, Russian President Vladimir Putin, wanting to maintain good relations with Head of the Chechen Republic Ramzan Kadyrov, has denied that any abuses of homosexuals in Chechnya have occurred. Chechnya is arguably the most homophobic area in Russia, with 95% of its population adhering to Sunni Islam. It remains the only district of Russia where homosexuality is outlawed and punishable with jail time.{{Cite journal|last=De Bruyn|first=Piet|date=8 June 2018|title=Persecution of LGBTI people in the Chechen Republic (Russian Federation)|url=https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1434970/1226_1528870961_document.pdf|journal=Doc. 14572 Report|publisher=Council of Europe (Committee on Equality and Non-Discrimination)|volume=1|pages=15|via=ECOI}}{{Cite web|date=2019-05-08|title=Russia: New Anti-Gay Crackdown in Chechnya|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/05/08/russia-new-anti-gay-crackdown-chechnya|access-date=2022-02-06|website=Human Rights Watch|language=en}}

== Turkey ==

== United States ==

CIA controlled black sites have been used by the U.S. government in its War on Terror to detain enemy combatants. U.S. President George W. Bush acknowledged the existence of secret prisons operated by the CIA during a speech on September 6, 2006.{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2006/POLITICS/09/06/bush.speech/index.html |publisher=CNN |agency=Associated Press |title=Bush: Top terror suspects to face tribunals |date=2006-09-06 |access-date=2006-09-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060906193917/http://www.cnn.com/2006/POLITICS/09/06/bush.speech/index.html |archive-date=September 6, 2006}}{{cite news

|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/5321606.stm|work=BBC News |title=Bush admits to CIA secret prisons |date=2006-09-07 |access-date=2007-04-15}} A claim that the black sites existed was made by The Washington Post in November 2005 and before this by human rights NGOs.{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/01/AR2005110101644.html |newspaper=The Washington Post |title=CIA Holds Terror Suspects in Secret Prisons |date=2005-11-02 |access-date=2007-02-19 |first=Dana |last=Priest}}

A European Union (EU) report adopted on February 14, 2007, by a majority of the European Parliament (382 MEPs voting in favor, 256 against and 74 abstaining) stated the CIA operated 1,245 flights and that it was not possible to contradict evidence or suggestions that secret detention centers where prisoners have been tortured were operated in Poland and Romania.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6361829.stm Key excerpts of the February 2007 report] adopted by the European Parliament After denying the fact for years, Poland confirmed in 2014 that it has hosted black sites.{{Cite web|last=Williams|first=Carol|date=2015-05-10|title=Poland feels sting of betrayal over CIA 'black site'|url=https://www.latimes.com/world/europe/la-fg-poland-cia-blacksite-20150510-story.html|access-date=2021-01-16|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}

In January 2012, Poland's Prosecutor General's office initiated investigative proceedings against Zbigniew Siemiątkowski, the former Polish intelligence chief. Siemiątkowski was charged with facilitating the alleged CIA detention operation in Poland, where foreign suspects may have been tortured in the context of the War on Terror. The involvement of Leszek Miller, Poland's Prime Minister from 2001 to 2004, is also considered possible.{{cite news|work=The Telegraph|title=Poland ex-spy boss 'charged over alleged CIA secret prison'|date=2012-03-27|author=Matthew Day|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/9169366/Poland-ex-spy-boss-charged-over-alleged-CIA-secret-prison.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/9169366/Poland-ex-spy-boss-charged-over-alleged-CIA-secret-prison.html |archive-date=January 12, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=2012-03-28}}{{cbignore}}{{cite news|work=The New York Times|title=Polish Ex-Official Charged With Aiding the C.I.A.|date=2012-03-27|author=Joanna Berendt, Nicholas Kulish|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/28/world/europe/polish-ex-official-charged-with-aiding-cia.html|access-date=2012-03-28}}

A 2022 United Press International story cited former Polish President Aleksander Kwaśniewski as admitting in 2014 that his country had provided "a quiet location" for the CIA to operate a black site to torture accused 9/11 terrorists.{{cite web |title= Supreme Court rejects Guantánamo prisoner's request to interview torturers |url= https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2022/03/03/Guantanamo-prisoner-torture-Supreme-Court/9921646332416 |website=www.upi.com |date=March 3, 2022 |publisher=United Press International |access-date=2 February 2022}}