:en:Leanchoilia
{{Short description|Extinct genus of arthropods}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Cambrian Stage 3|Middle Cambrian}}
| image = Leanchoilia superlata study 2.jpg
| image_caption = Leanchoilia superlata
| image2 = Leanchoilia superlata study.jpg
| image2_caption = Reconstruction of Leanchoilia superlata
| grandparent_authority = Størmer, 1944
| parent_authority = Raymond, 1935
| taxon = Leanchoilia
| authority = Walcott, 1912
| type_species = {{extinct}}Leanchoilia superlata
| type_species_authority = Walcott, 1912
| subdivision_ranks = Other species
| subdivision = *{{extinct}}Leanchoilia illecebrosa (Hou, 1987)
- {{extinct}}Leanchoilia obesa He et al., 2017
- {{extinct}}Leanchoilia persephone Simonetta, 1970
- {{extinct}}Leanchoilia protogonia Simonetta, 1970
- {{extinct}}Leanchoilia robisoni Babcock et al., 2012
- {{extinct}}Leanchoilia? hanceyi Briggs et al., 2008
(but see text)
| synonyms = {{collapsible list|bullets=true|title={{small|Synonyms of Leanchoilia}}
|Bidentia Walcott, 1912
|Dianchia Luo & Hu, 1997
|Zhongxinia Luo & Hu, 1997
|Apiocephalus Luo & Hu, 1999
}}
{{collapsible list|bullets=true|title={{small|Synonyms of L. superlata}}
|Bidentia difficilis Walcott, 1912
}}
{{collapsible list|bullets=true|title={{small|Synonyms of L. illecebrosa}}
|Alalcomenaeus? illecebrosus Hou, 1987
|Dianchia mirabilis Luo & Hu, 1997
|Leancholilia asiatica Luo & Hu, 1997
|Yohoia siniensis Luo & Hu, 1997
|Zhongxinia speciosa Luo & Hu, 1997
|Apiocephalus elegans Luo & Hu, 1999
}}
}}
Leanchoilia is a megacheiran marine arthropod known from Cambrian deposits of the Burgess Shale in Canada and the Chengjiang biota of China.{{cite web | url=http://paleobiology.si.edu/burgess/leanchoilia.html | title=Burgess Shale: Leanchoilia superlata (an arthropod) | publisher=Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History| accessdate=6 July 2017}}
Description
File:20191027 Leanchoilia superlata.png
L. superlata was about {{convert|5|cm}} long and had long, whip-like flagellae extending from its great appendages. Its internal organs are occasionally preserved within the substrate in three dimensions.{{Cite journal |author=Nicholas J. Butterfield |year= 2002 |title=Leanchoilia guts and the interpretation of three-dimensional structures in Burgess Shale-type fossils |url=http://paleobiol.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/reprint/28/1/155 |journal=Paleobiology |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=155–171 |doi=10.1666/0094-8373(2002)028<0155:LGATIO>2.0.CO;2 |s2cid= 85606166 }}{{cite journal |author=Brigitte Schoenemann & Euan N. K. Clarkson |year=2012 |title=The eyes of Leanchoilia |journal=Lethaia |volume=45 |issue=4 |pages=524–531 |doi=10.1111/j.1502-3931.2012.00313.x}} Their two pairs of eyes are protected and covered by their exterior head shields, with two eyes being located on each side.Schoenemann, B., & Clarkson, E. N. K. (2012). The eyes of Leanchoilia. Lethaia, 45(4),
Columbia, Canada. Palaeontology, 50(3), 693–709.
Species
Seven species are tentatively accepted today: L. superlata (the type species), L. persephone and L. protogonia from the Burgess Shale, L. illecebrosa and L. obesa from the Chengjiang biota, L. robisoni from Kaili, and L.? hanceyi from the Spence Shale. L. superlata and L. persephone may however be examples of sexual dimorphism.{{cite journal | author = Diego C. García-Bellido & Desmond Collins |year=2007 |title=Reassessment of the genus Leanchoilia (Arthropoda, Arachnomorpha) from the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale, British Columbia, Canada |journal=Palaeontology |volume=50 |issue=3 |pages=693–709 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-4983.2007.00649.x|bibcode=2007Palgy..50..693G |doi-access=free }}{{cite journal|last1=Liu|first1=Yu|last2=Hou|first2=Xian-Guang|last3=Bergström|first3=J.|year=2007|title=Chengjiang arthropod Leanchoilia illecebrosa (Hou, 1987) reconsidered|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258447213|journal=GFF|volume=129|issue=3|pages=263–272|doi=10.1080/11035890701293263|s2cid=84150456 }}{{cite journal|first1=Yu-Yang|last1=He|first2=Pei-Yun|last2=Cong|first3=Yu|last3=Liu|first4=Gregory D.|last4=Edgecombe|first5=Xian-Guang|last5=Hou|year=2017|title=Telson morphology of Leanchoiliidae (Arthropoda: Megacheira) highlighted by a new Leanchoilia'' from the Cambrian Chengjiang biota|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318755039|journal=Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology|volume=41|issue=4|pages=581–589|doi=10.1080/03115518.2017.1320425|s2cid=90593555 }}
Distribution
55 specimens of Leanchoilia are known from the Greater Phyllopod bed, where they comprise 0.1% of the community.{{cite journal|last1=Caron |first1=Jean-Bernard|last2=Jackson |first2=Donald A.|title=Taphonomy of the Greater Phyllopod Bed community, Burgess Shale|journal=PALAIOS |volume=21 |issue=5 |pages=451–65|date=October 2006|doi=10.2110/palo.2003.P05-070R|jstor=20173022|bibcode=2006Palai..21..451C |s2cid=53646959 }}
See also
References
{{Reflist|32em}}
External links
- {{Cite web|date=2011|title=Leanchoilia superlata|work=Burgess Shale Fossil Gallery|publisher=Virtual Museum of Canada|url=http://burgess-shale.rom.on.ca/en/fossil-gallery/view-species.php?id=71|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/20201112025257/http://burgess-shale.rom.on.ca/en/fossil-gallery/view-species.php?id=71|archive-date=2020-11-12|url-status=dead}}
- {{Commons category-inline|Leanchoilia|Leanchoilia}}
- {{Wikispecies-inline|Leanchoilia|Leanchoilia}}
- [http://www.fossilmuseum.net/Fossil_Sites/Chengjiang/Leanchoilia-illecebrosa/Leanchoilia.htm Leanchoilia illecebrosa Ancient Arthropod from Chengjiang] The Virtual Fossil Museum
{{Megacheira}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3015823}}
Category:Burgess Shale fossils
Category:Maotianshan shales fossils
Category:Prehistoric arthropod genera
Category:Taxa named by Charles Doolittle Walcott
Category:Fossil taxa described in 1912
Category:Cambrian genus extinctions
Category:Cambrian arthropods of North America
Category:Cambrian arthropods of Asia
{{paleo-arthropod-stub}}