:en:Order of the Liberator
{{Short description|Former national award of Venezuela}}
{{More citations needed|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox order
|title = Order of the Liberator
|image = File:Venezuelan Order of the Liberator - Grand Cross.png
|caption = Grand Cross of the Order of the Liberator Simón Bolívar
|awarded_by = the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
|type = Order
|country = {{flag|Venezuela}}
|status = Awarded until 2010
|grades = Grand Collar
Grand Cordon
Grand Officer
Commander
Officer
Knight
|date = 14 September 1880
|image2 = 90px
|caption2 = Ribbon bar of the Order of the Liberator
}}
The Order of the Liberator was the highest distinction of Venezuela and was appointed for services to the country, outstanding merit and benefits made to the community. For Venezuelans the order ranks first in the order of precedence from other orders, national and foreign.
The President of Venezuela is the Chief of the Order and has the faculty of appointing. By right, he wears the Collar of the Order.
The order was created by Antonio Guzmán Blanco on September 14, 1880, and reformed in 1922 under the presidential term of Juan Vicente Gómez, the Order has as precedent the Medal of Distinction with the bust of the Liberator created on March 11, 1854 under the presidency of José Gregorio Monagas and before that, the Order of the Liberators created by Simón Bolívar in 1813.
In 2010, the National Assembly of Venezuela decided to officially abolish the order and replace it with the Order of the Liberators of Venezuela.[https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:s0Md-8qqppMJ:www.asambleanacional.gob.ve/index.php%3Foption%3Dcom_docman%26task%3Ddoc_download%26gid%3D2218%26Itemid%3D185%26lang%3Des+orden+de+los+libertadores+de+venezuela+aSamblea+nacional&hl=es&gl=ve&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESg4bI9gLWlpjo38qM3jUQcI2F2OzXkMqq-uWOPGG57lxZW9b3xpIuVWooFpduWCC-pQqn9EE1CWMacznkZJ6bizyPzG_4VTNG4WMcgfx9XKHZV3Sm-DYoqIFwKDfbZei-U-LEDe&sig=AHIEtbQSZonc1usSr1EMZHDCbUkNA_dI_g Exposición de motivos ley "Orden Libertadores y Libertadoras de Venezuela"] National Assembly (Venezuela) {{in lang|es}}
Grades
- Collar
- First Class (Grand Cordon)
- Second Class (Grand Officer)
- Third Class (Commander)
- Fourth Class (Officer)
- Fifth Class (Knight)
| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; width:60%; text-align:center;"
| colspan="6"| Ribbon bars of the Order of the Liberator |
| style="vertical-align:top;"
| style="width:15%;"| File:VEN Order of the Liberator - Knight BAR.pngKnight | style="width:15%;"| File:VEN Order of the Liberator - Officer BAR.pngOfficer | style="width:15%;"| File:VEN Order of the Liberator - Commander BAR.pngCommander | style="width:15%;"| File:VEN Order of the Liberator - Grand Officer BAR.pngGrand Officer | style="width:15%;"| File:VEN Order of the Liberator - Grand Cordon BAR.pngGrand Cordon | style="width:15%;"| File:VEN Order of the Liberator - Grand Cordon BAR.pngCollar |
File:Venezuelan Order of the Liberator - Grand Cross set of insignia.png|Grand Cross set of the Order.
File:Venezuelan Order of the Liberator - Grand Cross badge (obverse).png|Grand Cross badge (obverse).
File:Venezuelan Order of the Liberator - Grand Cross star.png|Grand Cross star.
File:Venezuelan Order of the Liberator - Grand Cross badge (reverse).png|Grand Cross badge (reverse).
File:Venezuelan Order of the Liberator - Grand Cross set.png|Grand Cross of the Order.
File:The Order of the Bust of Bolivar, or Order of the Liberator of Venezuela, from the World's Decorations series (N44) for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes MET DP839336.jpg|Illustration of the Knights Class.
File:Grand Cordon of the Order of of the Liberator Simon Bolivar (Venezuela) - Memorial JK - Brasilia - DSC00421.JPG|Grand Collar of the Order.
File:De Orde van de Bevrijder Venezuela Ridderkruis voor en achterzijde met het lint.jpg|Knights Cross of the Order.
File:Venezuela - Léon Bourgeois - Ordre de Simón Bolívar.jpg|Grand Cross breast star.
File:Portrait of Simón Bolívar by Arturo Michelena.jpg|Simón Bolívar, the Orders namesake.
Recipients
= Collars =
- {{flagicon|Malaysia}} Mahathir Mohamad{{Cite web |date=1990-08-02 |title=Mahathir - Award |url=http://lib.perdana.org.my/PLF/Digital_Content/Prominent_Leaders/Mahathir/News_1968-2004/1989-1992/1990/00002357.pdf |website=Bernama}}
- {{flagicon|Spain}} Juan Carlos I of Spain[http://www.mpr.gob.es/servicios/publicaciones/vol16/pag_03.html El Rey, en la conmemoración del bicentenario de la integración venezolana] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407085442/http://www.mpr.gob.es/servicios/publicaciones/vol16/pag_03.html |date=2014-04-07 }}
- {{flagicon|Ecuador}} Rafael Correa{{cite news|title=(VIDEO) Presidente de Ecuador condecorado con el "Collar de la Orden del Libertador"|url=http://www.aporrea.org/actualidad/n102928.html|publisher=:es:Aporrea (Venezolana de Televisión)|date=12 October 2007|access-date=15 June 2013|language=es}}
- {{Flagicon|Indonesia}} Suharto{{Cite web |title=Soeharto ODM |url=https://gmic.co.uk/topic/50166-soeharto-odm/ |access-date=2022-07-30 |website=Gentleman's Military Interest Club |date=10 July 2011 |language=en-GB}}
- {{flagicon|Iran}} Mahmoud Ahmadinejad{{Cite web |title=Problematic Brothers: Chávez and Ahmadinejad |url=https://nacla.org/news/problematic-brothers-ch%C3%A1vez-and-ahmadinejad |access-date=2022-12-23 |website=NACLA |language=en}}
- {{flagicon|Guyana}} Cheddi Jagan (1993)https://jagan.org/CJ%20Tributes/Images/Order%20of%20Liberator,%20Simon%20Bolivar%20-%20%20CJ..pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=August 2024}}
- {{flagicon|Belarus}} Alexander Lukashenko (2007){{cite web |title=Лукашенко награжден высшей наградой Венесуэлы - орденом Освободителя |url=https://news.tut.by/politics/99447.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925182943/https://news.tut.by/politics/99447.html|archive-date=2019-09-25|url-status=dead}}
- {{flagicon|Bangladesh}} Muhammad Yunus{{cite news |first=Dhaka |last=UNB |title= Prof Yunus gets highest Venezuelan honour|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/2007/05/14/d7051401085.htm |publisher=The Daily Star |id=Vol 5 Num 1048 | date= 2007-05-14|access-date=2007-08-18 }}
- {{flagicon|Russia}} Dmitry Medvedev (2008){{cite web |title=Президент Венесуэлы наградил Медведева Орденом освободителя |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629130035/http://www.interfax.ru/news.asp?id=47990 |archive-date=2011-06-29 |url-status=dead |url=http://www.interfax.ru/news.asp?id=47990}}
- {{flagicon|Turkey}} Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (2008){{cite web |title=Turkey determined to enhance ties with Venezuela: Erdoğan - Türkiye News |url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkey-determined-to-enhance-ties-with-venezuela-erdogan-139417 |website=Hürriyet Daily News |access-date=4 March 2024 |language=en |date=4 December 2018}}
- {{flagicon|Chile}} Michelle Bachelet (2009){{cite news |title=Chile's Bachelet, Venezuela's Chavez Agree to Ease Political Tensions |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-2007-04-19-voa15/347900.html |access-date=4 March 2024 |work=Voice of America |date=1 November 2009 |language=en}}
- {{flag icon|Ba'athist Syria}} Bashar al-Assad (2010){{Cite web |date=June 28, 2010 |title=Gaceta Oficial de la Repúbluca Bolivariana de Venezuela 39.454 |url=https://www.aporrea.org/actualidad/n160308.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241209003716/https://www.aporrea.org/actualidad/n160308.html |archive-date=December 9, 2024 |access-date=December 9, 2024 |website=aporrea.org}}
- {{flagicon|China}} Xi Jinping (2014){{cite web |title=Xi Jinping Receives the Order of the Liberator from Venezuela |url=https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/topics_665678/xjpzxcxjzgjldrdlchwdbxagtwnrlgbjxgsfwbcxzlldrhw/t1177105.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727231159/https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/topics_665678/xjpzxcxjzgjldrdlchwdbxagtwnrlgbjxgsfwbcxzlldrhw/t1177105.shtml |archive-date=27 July 2020 |access-date=25 June 2020 |website=fmprc.gov.cn}}
= Officer =
- {{flagicon|Netherlands}} A.J. van Koolwijk
= Unclear =
Abolishment and replacement
In 2010, the National Assembly of Venezuela decided to officially abolish the order and replace it with the Order of the Liberators of Venezuela, a revival of the medal created by Simón Bolívar in 1813 to honor participants of the Admirable Campaign.
The new order, unlike its predecessor, has 3 classes, in ascending order:
- Arrow of the Liberators
- Lance of the Liberators
- Sword of the Liberators
The President is the order's Grand Master, and has full authority over appointments to the Order. He or she wears the collar of the Sword of the Liberators class of the order.
References
{{Reflist}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20120219140010/http://www.mijuicio.com/leyes/especiales/178.pdf Gaceta Oficial de los Estados Unidos de Venezuela - Ley sobre Condecoracion de la Orden del Libertador 13 de Junio de 1922] (Spanish)