:en:Pango

The name pango comes from Greek pan (παν, {{gloss|all}}) and Japanese go (語, {{gloss|language}}).{{cite web

| url = http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-u-pango1/

| title = The Pango connection: Part 1

| website = IBM

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090627223318/http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-u-pango1/

| archive-date = 27 June 2009

| access-date = 7 July 2011

| url-status = live}}

In January 2000, the merger of the GScript and GnomeText projects was named Pango.[https://people.redhat.com/otaylor/pango-mirror/status-000114.shtml Pango - Status - 2017-11-30], Owen Taylor, Redhat[http://linuxdevcenter.com/pub/a/linux/2000/03/21/guadec/guadec.html?page=2 GNOMEs in Paris: A Report from GUADEC], The most impressive part of their presentation was the discussion on Pango (the result of the GScript and GnomeText merger), 2000/03/21, By Chuck Toporek - O'Reilly Media[http://www.levien.com/gnome/pango-0.1.html Pango proposal, rev 0.1], Raph Levien, 28 July 1999[https://web.archive.org/web/20000815092557/http://people.redhat.com/otaylor/gscript/ GScript - Unicode and Complex Text Processing], The GScript project has been merged with the GnomeText project. For information about the result, named Pango, see: https://www.pango.org If you have trouble accessing that site, there is a mirror here. By Owen Taylor[http://www.levien.com/gnome/gnome-text.html Gnome-Text API documentation], Raph Levien, 10 Jul 1999, Owen Taylor is working on gscript, which has some overlap with the functions described in this interface. We're working on unifying the two api's as much as possible.{{cite web|url=http://beast.testbit.eu/_mirror/gnome-news/946276088.html|title=GNOME Developer's Interview Follow-up|first=Ali|last=Abdin|date=1999|website=beast.testbit.eu|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602195924/http://beast.testbit.eu/_mirror/gnome-news/946276088.html|archive-date=2013-06-02}} Pango (which is the code name for a merger of my Gscript project and Raph Levien's GnomeText project) is a modular set of libraries for doing layout and rendering of international text. It's a bit similar to Microsoft's Uniscript or Apple's ATSUI.''

Pango version 1.0.0 was released 11 March 2002.{{cite web |url=http://gtk.org/pango-1.0.0-announce.html |title=Pango 1.0.0 released |access-date=2013-02-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020402201452/http://gtk.org/pango-1.0.0-announce.html |archive-date=April 2, 2002 }}[https://mail.gnome.org/archives/gnome-announce-list/2002-March/msg00022.html GTK user interface libraries, version 2.0]

Image:Pango locl demo.png

Pango 1.17 and newer support the '{{not a typo|locl}}' feature tag that allows localized glyphs to be used for the same Unicode code point. Assuming you have Verdana version 5.01 installed, which supports the 'locl' feature for the latn/ROM (Romanian) script, a quick demonstration (on Linux) is:

for lang in en ro

do

pango-view \

--font="Verdana 64" \

--text "şţ vs. șț in $lang" \

--language=$lang

done

For an explanation of the substitutions rules for Romanian, see this discussion.

Setting the locale via the POSIX environment variable, e.g. LANG=ro_RO.UTF-8 will also cause Pango to use 'locl' font feature. Finally, you can change the language on the fly in the same text using [https://docs.gtk.org/Pango/pango_markup.html Pango markup], e.g.:

pango-view \

--font="Verdana 24" \

--markup \

--text 'In the same text: şţ(en) and şţ(ro).'

Since 1.37.1, Pango added more attributes to provide complete support for processing OpenType feature.{{cite web

| url = https://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources/pango/1.37/pango-1.37.1.news

| title = Overview of changes between 1.37.0 and 1.37.1

| access-date = 18 August 2015}}{{cite web

| url = https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=738505

| title = Bug 738505 - Add fontfeatures support in PangoAttributes and markup

| publisher = GNOME Bugzilla

| access-date = 18 August 2015}}{{cite web

| url = http://tavmjong.free.fr/blog/?p=1442

| title = Font Features Land in Inkscape Trunk

| publisher = Tavmjong Bah's Blog

| date = 23 June 2015

| access-date = 18 August 2015}}

The official showcase of Pango's script-aware features is [https://www.pango.org/ScriptGallery here].

File:GTK+ software architecture.svg. Pango, GDK, ATK, GIO, Cairo and GLib.]]

Pango has been integrated into most Linux distributions. The GTK UI toolkit uses Pango for all of its text rendering.{{cite web|title=Download for GNU/Linux and Unix|url=http://www.gtk.org/download/linux.php|website=gtk.org|access-date=2017-11-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818111012/http://www.gtk.org/download/linux.php|archive-date=18 August 2016}} The Linux versions of the Mozilla Firefox web browser and Mozilla Thunderbird mail client use Pango for text rendering.{{cite web|title=Thunderbird 52.1.0 System Requirements|url=https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/thunderbird/52.1.0/system-requirements/|website=mozilla.org|access-date=31 July 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510012333/https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/thunderbird/52.1.0/system-requirements/|archive-date=10 May 2017}}

{{Portal|Free and open-source software}}

• HarfBuzz (text shaping engine which is incorporated into Pango itself but can be also used stand-alone)
• Core Text (modern multilingual text rendering engine introduced in Mac OS X 10.5)
• Graphite (multiplatform open source smart-font renderer)
• WorldScript (Old Macintosh multilingual text rendering engine)
• Typographic ligature
• Computer font

{{Reflist|30em}}

• {{Official website}}
• [http://fishsoup.net/bib/PangoIuc25-paper.pdf Pango, an open-source Unicode text layout engine. by Owen Taylor in Twenty fifth Internationalization and unicode conference, April 2004] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706025551/http://fishsoup.net/bib/PangoIuc25-paper.pdf |date=2020-07-06 }}
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20120227064838/http://ols.fedoraproject.org/OLS/Reprints-2001/taylor.pdf "Pango: internationalized text handling" Owen Taylor in Ottawa linux symposium 2001]
• [https://developer.gnome.org/pango/stable/ Pango Reference Manual]
• {{YouTube|Is4PW6f4Pk4|The journey of a word: how text ends up on a page}}, at linux.conf.au 2017 Simon Cozens explained the rendering of fonts

{{Free and open-source typography}}

{{Freedesktop.org}}

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