Émile Munier

Émile Munier was born in Paris on 2 June 1840 and lived with his family at 66 rue des Fossés, St. Marcel. His father, Pierre François Munier, was an artist upholsterer at the Manufacture Nationale des Gobelins and his mother, Marie Louise Carpentier, was a polisher in a cashmere cloth mill.{{r|Munier}} Émile and his two brothers, François and Florimond, were talented artists and each spent some time at the Gobelins.{{r|Munier}} At the factory Abel Lucas trained Munier as a draughtsman{{r|Benezit}} and he developed a close relationship with Lucas and his family, eventually marrying Lucas' daughter, Henriette,{{r|Munier}} in 1861.{{r|Benezit}} In 1867, Henriette gave birth to a son, Emile Henri. Six weeks after the birth, having contracted severe rheumatism, Henriette died prematurely.{{r|Munier}} Sargine Augrand, a student of Lucas and a close friend of Émile and Henriette (before she died), caught Émile's eye; they married in 1872 and lived in a small apartment and studio.{{r|Munier}} The couple had one child, a daughter, Marie-Louise, born in 1874.{{r|Munier}}

During the 1860s, Munier received three medals at the Beaux-Arts and in 1869 he exhibited at the Paris Salon. He became a great supporter of the Academic ideals and a follower of Bouguereau, whose subject matter would be an important inspiration to the young Munier.{{r|Munier}} Bouguereau's quality of work and composition are reflected in Munier's artworks.{{r|Christies}} The pair became close friends and Munier frequently visited Bougereau's studio;{{r|Munier}} the latter used the nicknames "La sagesse" or "Le sage Munier" when referring to Munier.{{r|Christies}} The glass designer Émile Gallé was another artist Munier was known to work with from around 1869.{{r|Benezit}}

Munier ceased work at the tapestry factory in 1871 and devoted his time solely to painting;{{r|Benezit}} he also began teaching classes to adults three nights a week.{{r|Munier}} Leland Stanford, Jr., the only child of Governor Leland Stanford of California and his wife Jane Stanford, died aged fifteen in 1884, and during that year Munier was commissioned by Jane Stanford to immortalise their son by way of a painting.{{sfnp|Mills|2014}} The oil on canvas entitled Angel comforting his grieving mother shows the boy with his hand on his mother's shoulder returning to earth as an angel to comfort her.{{sfnp|Mills|2014}} Today, in the 21st century, the painting forms part of a display in the Cantor Centre for the Visual Arts at Stanford University.{{r|Cantor}}

In 1885 he painted, and exhibited at the Paris Salon, Trois Amis (Three Friends). This painting, representing a chubby girl playing on her bed with a kitten and a dog, was an extremely successful work, being reproduced in many forms and used for publicity posters by Pears soap. With this work, Emile asserted himself as one of 'the' painters of young children and their pets; it was eventually acquired by an American collector.{{r|Munier}}

Among his many American patrons were Chapman H. Hyams and his wife, who were important collectors of contemporary French paintings during the nineteenth century and favoured artists like Henner, Bouguereau, Gérôme, Vinel and Schreyer. Munier painted their portrait in 1889, and it, along with much of their collection, is now in the New Orleans Museum of Art.{{r|Munier}}

During the 1890s Munier continued to paint peasant, mythological and religious subjects;{{r|Munier}} he also portrayed animals, scenes depicting fishing, landscapes and seascapes.{{r|Benezit}} Many of his works featured his children as his models, particularly his daughter.{{r|Bonhams}} In 1893 he exhibited L'esprit de la chute d'eau, at the Paris Salon, a nude nymph which is not unlike Naissance de Vénus by Bouguereau.{{r|Munier}}

In 1895 Munier painted La jeune fille et le panier de chatons, but on 29 June, a few weeks after his 55th birthday, he died.{{r|Munier}}

File:Émile Munier, 1874 - La leçon de tricot.jpg|A Special Moment, 1874

File:Émile Munier, 1873 - Le retour du marché.jpg|Back from the Market, 1873

File:Émile Munier - Head of a Young Girl.jpg|Head of a Young Girl, 1874

File:Returning from the Garden (1875), by Émile Munier.jpg|Girl with a Basket of Plums, 1875

File:Émile Munier, 1881 - May I?.jpg|May I?, 1881

File:Émile Munier, 1882 - Petite fille & chat.jpg|Young Girl and Cat, 1882

File:Émile Munier, 1890 - The Cherry Tree.jpg|The Cherry Tree, 1890, Rehs Galleries, Inc., New York City

File:Émile Munier, 1891 - Jesus.jpg|Jesus, 1891

File:Émile Munier, 1893 - Playing with the kitten.jpg|Playing with the Kitten, 1893

File:Émile Munier, 1879 - A happy family.jpg|A Happy Family, 1879

File:Émile Munier, 1874 - Favourite Kitten.jpg|Favourite Kitten, 1874

File:Morning Prayer, by Émile Munier.jpg|Morning Prayer, 1888

File:Instruction, by Émile Munier.jpg|Reading Lesson, 1888

File:Émile Munier, 1890 - Feeding the Doves.jpg|Feeding the Doves, 1890

File:Émile Munier, 1888 - Pardon Mama.jpg|Pardon Mama, 1888

Citations

{{reflist|30em|refs=

{{cite web |title=Munier, Émile |work=Benezit Dictionary of Artists |publisher=Oxford Art Online, Oxford University Press |url=http://www.oxfordartonline.com/subscriber/article/benezit/B00127678 |accessdate=22 June 2015 |url-access=subscription |mode=cs2}}

{{cite web |title=Emile Munier (French, 1840-1895) |url=https://www.bonhams.com/auctions/17523/lot/191/ |publisher=Bonhams |accessdate=23 June 2015 |mode=cs2 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150623142319/https://www.bonhams.com/auctions/17523/lot/191/ |archivedate=23 June 2015 |url-status=live}}

{{cite web |title=Grief's Beauty |last=Johnston |first=Theresa |url=https://alumni.stanford.edu/get/page/magazine/article/?article_id=29959 |publisher=Stanford University |accessdate=22 June 2015 |mode=cs2 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150622174242/https://alumni.stanford.edu/get/page/magazine/article/?article_id=29959 |archivedate=22 June 2015 |url-status=live}}

{{cite web |title=Émile Munier (French, 1840-1895) |url=http://www.christies.com/LotFinder/lot_details.aspx?intObjectID=5834670 |publisher=Christies |accessdate=22 June 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150622161927/http://www.christies.com/LotFinder/lot_details.aspx?intObjectID=5834670 |archivedate=22 June 2015 |url-status=live |mode=cs2}}

{{cite web |title=Biography |url=http://www.emilemunier.org/biography.htm |website=Emile Munier |publisher=Rehs Galleries Inc. |accessdate=19 August 2014 |mode=cs2}}

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Bibliography

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• {{citation |last=Mills|first=Cynthia |title=Beyond Grief: Sculpture and Wonder in the Gilded Age Cemetery |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ra1qBgAAQBAJ |year=2014 |publisher=Smithsonian|isbn=978-1-935623-38-0 |format=EBOOK |chapter=Afterlives}}

{{refend}}

{{commons category|Émile Munier}}

• [http://www.emilemunier.org Emile Munier – Catalogue Raisonné project]
• [http://www.artrenewal.org/pages/artist.php?artistid=697 Émile Munier at the Art Renewal Center]
• [http://www.museumsyndicate.com/artist.php?artist=386 Munier Gallery at MuseumSyndicate]
• [http://www.thegreatcat.org/the-cat-in-art-and-photos-2/cats-in-19th-century-art/emile-munier-1840-1895-french/ Munier's Girls and Cats]

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Category:1840 births

Category:1895 deaths

Category:19th-century French painters

Category:French male painters

Category:Academic art

Category:19th-century French male artists