Îlet la Mère
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Îlet la Mère
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|settlement_type = Island
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|image_skyline = File:French Guiana îlet la Mère wharf site.jpg
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|image_caption = The wharf at Îlet la Mère
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|pushpin_map = French Guiana
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|pushpin_map_caption = Location in French Guiana
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = France
|subdivision_type1 = Overseas region
|subdivision_name1 = French Guiana
|subdivision_type2 = Arrondissement
|subdivision_name2 = Cayenne
|subdivision_type3 = Commune
|subdivision_name3 = Cayenne
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|area_footnotes = {{cite web|url=http://www.ville-cayenne.fr/files/2014/01/Ilet-la-Mere.pdf |title=Îlet la Mère|website=Ville Cayenne|access-date=13 March 2021|language=fr}}
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Îlet la Mère is the biggest island of the {{ill|Îlets de Rémire|fr|lt=Rémire islands}} in the Atlantic Ocean. It is part of the commune of Cayenne, French Guiana.{{cite web|url=http://www.guyane.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/Atlas_des_Sites_proteges_Chapitre4.pdf |title=Sites & Espaces Protégée |page=58 |website=Government of French Guiana|access-date=13 March 2021|language=fr}} The island is located 11 kilometres off the coast. Îlet la Mère was the location of a penal colony from 1852 until 1875. Between 1981 and 2001, it was home to a monkey farm operated by the Pasteur Institute. Since 28 December 2000, the island is a protected area and managed by Conservatoire du littoral.
History
Îlet la Mère was originally inhabited by Amerindians. In 1643, Jesuits settled on the island.{{cite web|url=https://www.petitfute.com/v70314-ilet-la-mere/ |title=L'îlet la Mère |website=Petit Futé|access-date=13 March 2021|language=fr}} In 1776, they left the island, and it became a leprosy colony. A hospital was built on the island to treat the lepers.{{cite web|url=http://www.ville-cayenne.fr/lilet-la-mere/ |title=L'îlet la Mère|website=Ville Cayenne|access-date=13 March 2021|language=fr}} In 1786, the site was abandoned.
In 1852, Îlet la Mère became a penal colony for political prisoners, and is one of the oldest prisons of the bagne. 70 buildings were constructed to house the prisoners, and up to 600 prisoners were put to work on the island. In 1875, yellow fever ravaged the island, and the penal colony was closed.{{cite web|url=https://guyanologie.fr/Bagne.php |title=Histoire et Généalogie des bagnes |website=Guyanologie.fr|access-date=13 March 2021|language=fr}} The ruins are still visible.
In 1923, Îlet la Mère was rented from the French Government by the wife of Duez, a former prisoner. She built a farm with her husband. The island was used for animal husbandry and producing fruit. A workforce of about 20 prisoners was employed to work the land. The farm closed in 1933.
File:Common squirrel monkey Saimiri sciureus îlet la Mère French Guiana 2013.jpg
In 1981, the Pasteur Institute began using the island as a research facility. They set out to build a monkey farm with squirrel monkeys. The monkeys were used to create an antiserum to treat malaria.
On 28 December 2000, Îlet la Mère became a protected area managed by Conservatoire du littoral. The island was opened to the public in 2007, and a 3.5 kilometre path has been constructed to see the sites on the island. The monkeys are still present, and are not shy of human visitors.{{cite web|url=https://www.jumbocar-guyane.com/visiter-la-guyane/tourisme/ilet-la-mere |title=Visiter l'îlet la Mère|website=Jumbo Car Guyane|access-date=13 March 2021|language=fr}} The island can be reached from Wayki village, Remire-Montjoly. The boat trip will take about one hour.{{cite web|url=http://www.ilet-la-mere.com/ |title=Nos prestations - Ilet la Mère|website=Ilet-la-mere|access-date=13 March 2021|language=fr}}
References
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External links
- [http://www.ilet-la-mere.com/ Ilet-la-Mere.com] (in French)
- {{commons category-inline}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:La Mere}}
Category:Atlantic islands of French Guiana
Category:Defunct prisons in French Guiana