Česká Kamenice

Česká Kamenice consists of ten municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):{{cite web |title=Public Census 2021 – basic data|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4690&katalog=33475&pvo=SLD21043-CO|work=Public Database|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|language=cs|date=2022}}

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• Česká Kamenice (2,792)
• Dolní Kamenice (990)
• Filipov (40)
• Horní Kamenice (549)
• Huníkov (63)
• Kamenická Nová Víska (82)
• Kerhartice (164)
• Líska (136)
• Pekelský Důl (69)
• Víska pod Lesy (30)

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The name Kamenice was transferred to the settlement from the Kamenice River. In the 14th century, the settlement was called Německá Kamenice ("German Kamenice") to distinguish it from nearby Srbská Kamenice. From the 17th century, the name Česká Kamenice ("Bohemian Kamenice") is used.{{cite book |last=Profous|first=Antonín|title=Místní jména v Čechách II: CH–L|url=https://mjc.ujc.cas.cz/search.php|page=194|year=1949|language=cs}}

File:Česká Kamenice (6).jpg

Česká Kamenice is located about {{convert|13|km|0}} east of Děčín. The municipal territory is hilly and extends into three geomorphological regions: Lusatian Mountains, Central Bohemian Uplands and Elbe Sandstone Mountains. The highest point is the Studenec hill at {{convert|737|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level.

The Kamenice River and several brooks flow through Česká Kamenice.

The first written mention of Česká Kamenice is from 1352. The town was founded at the crossroads of two paths, the so-called "Bohemian Road" and the "Lusatian Road", probably in the area of an older Slavic settlement. It was founded before 1283, probably in the 1270s during the reign of King Ottokar II, when the colonization of the region culminates mainly in settlers from neighbouring Saxony.{{cite web |title=Historie města|url=https://www.ceska-kamenice.cz/historie%2Dmesta/d-2225/p1=2547|publisher=Město Česká Kamenice|language=cs|access-date=2021-07-15}}

In spring 1944, the Rabstein sub-camp of Flossenbürg concentration camp was created here, with a capacity of 600 prisoners. At the end of the war, 1,500 inmates were incarcerated in the camp. The camp provided workers for the nearby underground aircraft factory in the town of Janská, 3 km west of Česká Kamenice. The number of inmate deaths is not known due to the destruction of all camp documentation. The foundations of the camp buildings remain visible, along with a memorial and historical overview.{{cite web |url=http://www.cztour.cz/rabstejn/eng/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050728141741/http://www.cztour.cz/rabstejn/eng/ |archive-date=2005-07-28 |title=Museum of concentration camp of underground airfactory in Rabstejn}}

{{historical populations

|align=none|cols=3

|1869|8243

|1880|9036

|1890|9008

|1900|9308

|1910|9675

|1921|8786

|1930|9284

|1950|5383

|1961|5560

|1970|5477

|1980|5585

|1991|5646

|2001|5492

|2011|5525

|2021|5095

|source=Censuses{{cite web |title=Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011|url=https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/historicky-lexikon-obci-1869-az-2015|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|language=cs|date=2015-12-21}}{{cite web |title=Population Census 2021: Population by sex|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4429&katalog=33515&pvo=SLD21001-OB-OK|work=Public Database|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|date=2021-03-27}}}}

File:Česká Kamenice - Dean Church of St James the Greater.jpg

The I/13 road (the section from Liberec to Děčín, part of the European route E442) passes through the town.

Česká Kamenice is located on the railway line Děčín–Rumburk.{{cite web |title=Detail stanice Česká Kamenice|url=https://www.cd.cz/stanice/ceska-kamenice/5456299|publisher=České dráhy|language=cs|access-date=2024-07-10}} Česká Kamenice is also connected with Kamenický Šenov by a short railway line. Historic trains run on it. It is only in operation during the summer tourist season and on weekends in some months out of season.{{cite web |title=Kamenický motoráček|url=https://www.kzc.cz/?sekce=pravidelne_verejne_vlaky&stranka=kamenicky_motoracek|publisher=Klub železničních cestovatelů|language=cs|access-date=2024-07-10}}

File:Česká Kamenice - kašna na náměstí Míru.jpg

Míru Square and its surroundings form the historic town centre. The stone renaissance fountain on the square is from 1574. The main landmarks of the centre are Church of Saint James the Great, Evangelical church, Pilgrimage Chapel of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary, Kamenice Chateau and Salhausen Chateau. There are many preserved houses in Neoclassical and Art Nouveau styles.{{cite web |title=Městská památková zóna Česká Kamenice|url=https://www.ceska-kamenice.cz/mestska%2Dpamatkova%2Dzona/d-1041/p1=1056|publisher=Město Česká Kamenice|language=cs|access-date=2021-07-15}}

Due to the natural conditions, there are several rocky lookouts in the area. On Studenec, there is an iron observation tower from 1888, a technical monument. A ruin of Česká Kamenice Castle is preserved on the Zámecký hill, in its premises there is a wooden observation tower.{{cite web |title=Kulturní památky, Turistické cíle|url=https://www.ceska-kamenice.cz/turisticke%2Dcile%2Da%2Dpamatky/os-1001/p1=1096|publisher=Město Česká Kamenice|language=cs|access-date=2021-07-15}}

The remains of the concentration camp and the underground aircraft factory contains an exposition and under certain conditions are open to the public.

• Joseph Rothe (1759–1808), Austrian operatic singer
• Johann Baptist Emanuel Pohl (1782–1834), Austrian botanist, entomologist, geologist and physician
• Antonín Dvořák (1841–1904), composer; took organ and music-theory lessons here in 1856
• Hannes Hegen (1925–2014), German illustrator and caricaturist
• Sigurd Hofmann (1944–2022), German physicist

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic}}

Česká Kamenice is twinned with:{{cite web |title=Partner Towns|url=https://alt.ceska-kamenice.cz/en/vismo/osnova.asp?id_org=101411&id_osnovy=1007&p1=63|publisher=Město Česká Kamenice|access-date=2023-01-15}}

• {{flagicon|GER}} Bad Schandau, Germany

Česká Kamenice - kaple Narození PM z ul. U Kaple.jpg|Chapel of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary

Saalhausen-Schloss-BöhmischKamnitz.jpg|Salhausen Chateau

Kamenický hrad.jpg|Kamenice Castle

20170527 Rabštejn Underground Factory 01.jpg|Rabštejn underground factory

Rozhledna na Studenci 2014 01.jpg|Observation tower on Studenec

{{reflist}}

{{commons category|Česká Kamenice}}

• {{official|https://www.ceska-kamenice.cz/}} (in Czech)
• [http://www.ceskokamenicko.cz/ Microregion Českokamenicko] (in Czech)
• [http://www.picturepostcards.info/published/default.aspx?album=czech&viewtype= Historical postcards of Česká Kamenice]
• [http://www.virtualczech.cz/kraj-ustecky/932-ceska-kamenice Virtual show]

{{Děčín District}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ceska Kamenice}}

Category:Cities and towns in the Czech Republic

Category:Populated places in Děčín District