ʻUla-ʻai-hawane
{{Short description|Extinct species of bird}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = {{okina}}Ula-{{okina}}ai-hāwane
| status = EX
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| extinct = 1892
| image = Ciridops anna Dole (Ulaaihawane), Bishop Museum, Honolulu.JPG
| image_caption = Specimen in Bishop Museum, Honolulu
| genus = Ciridops
| species = anna
| authority = (Dole, 1878)
}}
The {{okina}}ula-{{okina}}ai-hāwane (Ciridops anna) is an extinct species of small Hawaiian honeycreeper. The term {{okina}}ula-{{okina}}ai-hāwane is a Hawaiian phrase translating to "red [bird] that eats hāwane". It was only ever reported from the forested mountains of the Kohala, Hilo and Kona districts on the island of Hawai{{okina}}i. Fossil remains reveal that it (and at least one closely related species, Ciridops tenax) also existed at one time on other Hawaiian islands. The species is named after Anna Dole, wife of Sanford B. Dole.{{Cite book|url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61745977|title=The Eponym Dictionary of Birds|last1=Beolens|first1=Bo|last2=Watkins|first2=Michael|last3=Grayson|first3=Michael|date=October 1, 2014|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=9781472905741|language=English|access-date=February 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190218081842/https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61745977|archive-date=February 18, 2019|url-status=live}}
Description
The average length of the bird was around {{convert|11|cm|in}}. With respect to coloring, the adult was patterned red overall, while the head, throat, and upper back were silvery gray. The crown, wings, breast, shoulder, and tail were black, and the tertials a white color. The legs and bill were yellowish. Immature birds were brownish overall with a bluish-gray breast, black wings and tail, and a greenish-brown back.
Extinction
{{okina}}Ula-{{okina}}ai-hāwane are thought to have fed on the seeds and flowers of the loulu palms Pritchardia affinis, P. beccariana, P. lanigera and P. schattaueri. {{Citation needed|date=July 2007}} The bird's name suggests it fed on the unripe fruits (hāwane) frequently. The decline of these palms may have sealed the fate of the bird. As the {{okina}}ula-{{okina}}ai-hāwane was only ever seen near loulu palms, it may be that they were fully dependent on them for survival. The last confirmed sighting of the bird was in the Kohala Mountains in 1892; a bird apparently sporting the rather distinctive coloration of this species was also seen in 1937, but too briefly to be unequivocally identified. There are only 5 specimens of {{okina}}ula-{{okina}}ai-hāwane in museums and it was rarely seen by Europeans alive.{{cite book |last1=Walther |first1=Michael |title=Extinct Birds of Hawaii |date=March 2016 |publisher=Mutual Publishing |isbn=978-1939487-61-2 |pages=199–201}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/search/species_search.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=8920&m=0 Species factsheet] - BirdLife International
{{Taxonbar|from=Q564261}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ula ai Hawane}}
Category:Extinct birds of Hawaii
Category:Hawaiian honeycreepers
Category:Birds described in 1879
Category:Bird extinctions since 1500
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