.25-20 Winchester

{{Short description|Rifle cartridge}}

{{more citations needed|date=January 2013}}

{{Infobox firearm cartridge

| name = .25-20 Winchester

| image = 25-20 WCF.JPG | image_size = 150px

| caption =

| origin = United States

| type = Rifle

| service =

| used_by = ranchers, trappers, small game hunters, metallic silhouette shooting, varmint hunters, mule hunters

| wars = none

| designer =

| design_date = 1892

| manufacturer = Winchester

| production_date = 1895-present

| number = 90,750

| variants =

| is_SI_specs = 2

| parent = .32-20 Winchester

| case_type = rimmed bottlenecked

| bullet = .258

| neck = .274

| shoulder = .333

| base = .349

| rim_dia = .408

| rim_thick = .065

| case_length = 1.330

| length = 1.592

| rifling =

| primer = small rifle

| is_SI_ballistics =

| bw1 = 60

| btype1 = FP

| vel1 = 2101

| en1 = 588

| bw2 = 75

| btype2 = FP

| vel2 = 1877

| en2 = 587

| bw3 = 86

| btype3 = SP

| vel3 = 1673

| en3 = 535

| bw4 =

| btype4 =

| vel4 =

| en4 =

| bw5 =

| btype5 =

| vel5 =

| en5 =

| test_barrel_length =

| balsrc = Hodgdon{{Cite web |url=http://data.hodgdon.com/cartridge_load.asp |title=.25-20 load data at Hodgdon |access-date=2007-07-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071111143616/http://data.hodgdon.com/cartridge_load.asp |archive-date=2007-11-11 |url-status=dead }}

}}

The .25-20 Winchester / 6.6x33mmR, or WCF (Winchester center fire), intermediate cartridge was developed around 1895 for the Winchester Model 1892 lever action rifle. It was based on necking down the .32-20 Winchester. In the early 20th century, it was a popular small game and varmint round, developing around 1,460 ft/s with 86-grain bullets.

But two years earlier Marlin Firearms Co. had already necked down the .32-20 Winchester, and called it the .25-20 Marlin. It was first chambered in Model 1889 lever action Marlins long before Winchester did the same thing and put their name on the .25-20.William Brophy's History of Marlin Firearms Co. p. 175

While the SAAMI pressure rating is a full 28,000 CUP, modern ammunition is often loaded lighter in deference to the weaker steels used on many of the original guns. The early black powder cartridges were loaded to about 20,000 psi, but the SAAMI rating is close to that of the high velocity smokeless rounds produced later. The high velocity loadings developed 1,732 ft/s.Whelen, Townsend. The American Rifle, The Century Co., New York, 1918, pp.220-223

It was easy and economical to reload and was once a favorite with farmers, ranchers, pot hunters, and trappers. Though the .25-20 has been used on deer and even claimed the James Jordan Buck, a whitetail deer of long standing record in 1914,[https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20120109174537/http://www.burnettcounty.com/DocumentView.asp?DID=85 James Jordan Buck] at the Burnett County, WI web site, accessed 09-2009 it is now rarely used on large-bodied game due to its feeble ballistics and light bullet construction, which make humane one-shot kills unlikely. Though the higher velocity loads would be destructive for small game use, the handloader can run heavier cast lead bullets such as the 85 gr. LRNFP at more sedate velocities around 1,000-1,200 FPS to anchor game with much more authority than the .22 Long Rifle, yet not destroy meat. The .25-20 is still a very viable small game, fur bearing and trapping cartridge.

The .25-20 Winchester is sometimes confused with the similarly named .25-20 Single Shot; the two cartridges are markedly different and do not interchange with one another.