.in
{{Short description|Internet country code top-level domain for India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox top level domain
| name = .in
| image = DotIn ccTLD logo.svg
| introduced = {{start date and age|8 May 1989}}
| type = Country code top-level domain
| status = Active
| registry = INRegistry
| sponsor = National Internet Exchange of India
| intendeduse = Entities connected with India
| actualuse = Very popular in India. Liberalisation of registration rules in 2005 led to a large increase in registrations including overseas registrations.
| restrictions = No restrictions on who can register second-level domains or most third-level domains; various specific restrictions under some of those specialised subdomains.
| structure = May register at the second level or at the third level beneath generic-category 2nd-level domains
| document = [https://web.archive.org/web/20121105173549/http://www.inregistry.in/Policies Policies]
| DNSname =
| disputepolicy = [http://www.inregistry.in/IN%20Domain%20Name%20Dispute%20Resolution%20Policy%20%28INDRP%29 .IN Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (INDRP)]
| website = {{URL|https://registry.in/|registry.in}}
| registereddomains = 3 million+
| dateregistereddomains = May 2022
| refregistereddomains = {{cite web|title=Registry.In {{!}} .IN is India's Country Code Top Level domain (ccTLD)|url=https://registry.in/index|website=IN Registry|publisher=National Internet Exchange of India|access-date=1 May 2022|language=en}}{{cite news|last1=Agarwal|first1=Surabhi|last2=Alawadhi|first2=Neha|title=IT Ministry plans ad campaign to promote .in domain name|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/internet/it-ministry-plans-ad-campaign-to-promote-in-domain-name/articleshow/53407362.cms|access-date=23 July 2017|work=The Economic Times|date=27 July 2016}}
| dnssec = Yes
|image_size=130px}}
{{Infobox top level domain
| name = {{mono|.भारत}}
| image = .bharat.svg
| caption = Logo for .भारत, (romanized as .bhārata)
| introduced = {{start date and age|5 February 2011}}{{Cite web |title=.भारत - TLDpedia |url=https://research.domaintools.com/statistics/tldpedia/xn--h2brj9c}}
| type = Internationalised (Devanagari) country code top-level domain
| status = Active
| registry = INRegistry
| sponsor = National Internet Exchange of India
| intendeduse = Entities connected with
{{flag|India}}
| actualuse = Getting popular in India.
| document =
| DNSname = xn--h2brj9c
| disputepolicy =
| website = {{url|https://www.रजिस्ट्री.भारत/|रजिस्ट्री.भारत}} {{small|(registry.bhārata)}}
| registereddomains =
| structure = May register at the second level or at the third level beneath generic-category 2nd-level domains.
| restrictions = Devanagari script.
Also comply with certain Devanagari Phonological rules; restrictions under some specialized subdomains like सरकार.भारत (≈ gov.in) and विद्या.भारत (≈ edu.in)
| dateregistereddomains =
| refregistereddomains =
| dnssec = Yes
}}
.in is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for India. It was introduced in May 1989. It is currently administered by the National Internet Exchange of India.
Registry operator
The domain was originally managed by the National Centre for Software Technology (NCST) and its Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC). The Government of India issued an executive order in 2004 to transfer responsibility for managing .in domains to the newly created INRegistry under the authority of the National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI). The National Informatics Centre (NIC), ERNET, and the Ministry of Defence were appointed as registrars for the gov.in, res.in and ac.in, and the mil.in domains respectively.{{cite web |title=About the .IN Registry |url=https://www.registry.in/about/in-registry |website=Registry.In |access-date=23 March 2019}}{{Cite web|url=http://meity.gov.in/content/registry|title=.in Registry | Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, Government of India|website=meity.gov.in}}
In August 2018, NIXI appointed Neustar Data Infotech (India), a subsidiary of Neustar Inc, to be the country's new registry services provider. Neustar completed migration of existing .in domains to its registry infrastructure in March 2019. Neustar added the ability to register Indian-language domains in native script by enabling end-to-end web portal language support.{{cite news |title=Neustar logs in for .IN Domain |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/internet/neustar-logs-in-for-in-domain/articleshow/68235683.cms |website=The Economic Times |access-date=23 March 2019 |date=2 March 2019}}
Second-level domains
{{As of|2005}}, liberalised policies for the {{mono|.in}} domain allow unlimited second-level registrations under {{mono|.in}}. Unlimited registrations under the previously structured existing zones are also allowed:{{Cite web|url=https://www.registry.in/Policies|title=IN Registry Policies|date=1 January 2005|website=Registry.In|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119113830/http://www.registry.in/policies/|archive-date=2008-01-19|access-date=23 July 2017}}
- {{mono|.in}} (available to anyone; used by companies, individuals, and organisations in India)
- {{mono|.co.in}} (intended for banks, registered companies, and trademarks)
- {{mono|.com.in}} (available to anyone; used by companies, individuals, and organisations in India)
- {{mono|.firm.in}} (intended for shops, partnerships, liaison offices, sole proprietorships)
- {{mono|.net.in}} (intended for Internet service providers)
- {{mono|.org.in}} (intended for nonprofit organisations)
- {{mono|.gen.in}} (intended for general/miscellaneous use)
- {{mono|.ind.in}} (intended for individuals)
Zones reserved for use by qualified institutions in India:
- {{mono|.ernet.in}} (Older, for both educational and research institutes){{Cite web|url=http://www.ernet.in/domain.html|title=ERNET Domain Registration|website=ERNET|access-date=23 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706161736/http://www.ernet.in/domain.html|archive-date=2017-07-06}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.registry.ernet.in/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050221051605/http://www.registry.ernet.in/|archive-date=21 February 2005|title=ERNET's registry|website=ERNET|access-date=23 July 2017}}
- {{mono|.ac.in}} (Academic institutions)
- {{mono|.edu.in}} (Educational institutions)
- {{mono|.res.in}} (Indian research institutes)
- {{mono|.gov.in}} (Indian government and State governments)
- {{mono|.mil.in}} (Indian military organisations)
The domain {{mono|.nic.in}} is reserved for India's National Informatics Centre, but in practice most Indian government agencies have domains ending in {{mono|.nic.in}}.
The .in registry launched following sub-domains on Oct 29, 2021 to benefit the growing market:{{Cite web| author=our.in | title=IN Registry Launching New .IN Domain Extensions | date=29 October 2021 | url=https://our.in/registry-launching-new-domain-extensions/}}
- {{mono|.5g.in}}
- {{mono|.6g.in}}
- {{mono|.ai.in}}
- {{mono|.am.in}}
- {{mono|.bihar.in}}
- {{mono|.biz.in}}
- {{mono|.business.in}}
- {{mono|.ca.in}}
- {{mono|.cn.in}}
- {{mono|.com.in}}
- {{mono|.coop.in}}
- {{mono|.cs.in}}
- {{mono|.delhi.in}}
- {{mono|.dr.in}}
- {{mono|.er.in}}
- {{mono|.gujarat.in}}
- {{mono|.info.in}}
- {{mono|.int.in}}
- {{mono|.internet.in}}
- {{mono|.io.in}}
- {{mono|.me.in}}
- {{mono|.pg.in}}
- {{mono|.post.in}}
- {{mono|.pro.in}}
- {{mono|.travel.in}}
- {{mono|.tv.in}}
- {{mono|.uk.in}}
- {{mono|.up.in}}
- {{mono|.us.in}}
Before the introduction of liberalised registration policies for the {{mono|.in}} domain, only 7000 names had been registered between 1992 and 2004. {{as of|2010|March}}, the number had increased to over 610,000 domain names with 60% of registrations coming from India and the rest from overseas.{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-info-tech/article986365.ece | title='.in' domain registration crosses six-lakh mark | work=The Hindu Business Line | date=13 March 2010 | access-date=1 May 2012 | author=Chatterjee, Moumita Bakshi}} By October 2011, the number had surpassed 1 million domain names.{{cite news | url=http://www.inforum.in/general-indian-domain-name-discussion/9802-passes-one-million-registrations-looks-future-growth.html | title=.IN Passes One Million Registrations And Looks To Future For Growth | access-date=4 December 2012 | archive-date=7 July 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140707231130/http://www.inforum.in/general-indian-domain-name-discussion/9802-passes-one-million-registrations-looks-future-growth.html }} {{as of|2016|March}}, the number has more than doubled to over 2 million domain names.{{cite news | url=http://www.thedomains.com/2016/03/21/there-are-over-2-million-in-india-registered-domains/ | title=There are Over 2 Million .in (India) Registered Domains}}
Restrictions on use of .in domains
As per the terms and conditions of the {{mono|.in}} registry, domain privacy is not allowed.{{Cite web| author=Registry.in | title=Terms and Conditions for registrants | url=https://registry.in/system/files/Terms_and_Conditions_for_Registrants_1_0.pdf}}
Recently updated EKYC guidelines were issued to all registrars to authenticate new registrants. Hence, the previous rule relating to bulk booking of .in domain names has been withdrawn. Now customers can book unlimited .in domain names as previously in line with promoting .in TLD on par with other popular TLDs like .com and others which also has no restrictions relating to bulk booking.{{Cite web| author=Registry.in | title=EKYC | url=https://www.registry.in/uploads/files/e_KYC.pdf}}
Internationalised domain names and country codes
India plans to introduce internationalised domain names in the 22 local languages used in the country. {{As of|2016|October}}, fifteen of these internationalised domain names were accepted by ICANN:
- {{mono|.भारत}} (Devanagari), became available with the following zones:{{Cite web|url=https://www.registry.in/print/877|title=Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs)|website=www.registry.in}}
:
| class="wikitable"
! Devanagari string ! Transliterated string | |
| भारत | .bharat |
| कंपनी.भारत | company.bharat |
| विद्या.भारत | vidya.bharat |
| सरकार.भारत | sarkar.bharat |
| | |
- {{mono|.ভারত}} (Bengali), available {{as of|2017|lc=y}}
- {{mono|.ਭਾਰਤ}} (Gurmukhī), only ਡਾਟਾਮੇਲ.ਭਾਰਤ {{as of|2017|August|lc=y}}
- {{mono|.ભારત}} (Gujarati), available {{as of|2017|lc=y}}
- {{mono|.இந்தியா}} (Tamil), available {{as of|2015|lc=y}}
- {{mono|.భారత్}} (Telugu), available {{as of|2017|lc=y}}
- {{mono|.بھارت}} (Urdu) only ڈاٹامیل.بھارت {{as of|2017|August|lc=y}} (mainly right-to-left character order)
In 2016, an application for eight further domains was accepted. While the Indian government also applied for .বাংলা (Bengali), it was given to a competing applicant, the Bangladesh Telecommunication Company Limited (BTCL).These domains were not available ({{as of|2016|October|lc=y}}):{{cite web|url=http://www.medianama.com/2016/04/223-icann-approves-indic-tlds/|title=ICANN approves Kannada, Malayalam, Assamese & Oriya domain names|first=Vivek|last=Pai|date=18 April 2016}} But, they were later on made available and now are open for domain registration in India.
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links and references
- [https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/in.html IANA Whois information]
- [https://www.registry.in/whois whois information]
- [https://www.registry.in/Policies Policies] from the INRegistry website
- [https://registry.in/accredited-registrars List of Accredited registrars for .in]
{{CcTLD}}{{Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (India)}}{{india topics}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:IN}}
Category:Internet properties established in 1989
Category:Country code top-level domains
Category:1989 establishments in India