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1031

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File:Califato de Córdoba - 1000-en.svg (green) ends.]]

Year 1031 (MXXXI) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

Events

= By place =

== Europe ==

  • July 20 – King Robert II (the Pious) dies at Melun, after a 35-year reign. He is succeeded by his 23-year-old son, Henry I, who becomes the sole ruler of France. Henry's mother, Queen dowager Constance of Arles, prefers her third son, Robert, as heir to the throne and, with the help of Count Odo II, begins a war against Henry.Jonathan Riley-Smith (2006). The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume 4, c. 1024–c. 1198, p. 124. {{ISBN|978-0-521-41411-1}}.
  • The Caliphate of Córdoba collapses after years of infighting; the caliphate fractures into a number of independent Muslim taifa (kingdoms). The last Umayyad ruler, Caliph Hisham III, tries to consolidate the caliphate, but his raising of taxes (to pay for mosques) leads to heavy opposition and he is imprisoned by his rivals.Chejne, Anwar G. (1974). Muslim Spain: Its History and Culture, pp. 43–49. Minneapolis: The University of Minnesota Press. {{ISBN|0816606889}}.
  • King Mieszko II is forced to escape Poland after an attack of Grand Prince Yaroslav I ("the Wise") of Kiev, who installs Mieszko's half-brother Bezprym onto the Polish throne.
  • France suffers from a famine (until 1033).Moriceau, Jean-Marc (2011) L'Homme contre le loup. Une guerre de deux mille ans, Paris, Fayard.

== Middle East ==

Births

Deaths

References

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