1069

{{C11 year in topic}}{{Year article header|1069}}File:Wang Anshi.jpg, Duke of Jing in Song dynasty China (1021–1086)]]

Events

Spring – Emperor Romanos IV begins a campaign against the Seljuk Turks, and marches towards the Euphrates via Melitene. He crosses the river at Romanopolis (modern Turkey), and captures the strategic fortress city of Chliat on the north-western shore of Lake Van. Romanos leaves a Byzantine rear guard on the upper Euphrates under General Philaretos Brachamios with orders to defend the Mesopotamian frontier.Finlay, George (1854). History of the Byzantine and Greek Empires from 1057–1453, p. 35. William Blackwood & Sons.
Seljuk forces under Alp Arslan defeat the Byzantine rear guard and advance deep into Cappadocia and Lycaonia. They plunder at will, but fail to capture the city of Iconium. Romanos retreats and returns to Constantinople. Alp Arslan takes advantage of Romanos' retreat and captures Manzikert. He recaptures the strategical fortress cities of Chliat and Van, consolidating his control over the Lake Van region.Carey, Brian Todd (2012). Road to Manzikert – Byzantine and Islamic Warfare (527–1071), p. 134. {{ISBN|978-1-84884-215-1}}.

Spring – Romanos IV sends a Byzantine fleet (supported with an army) to relieve the siege of Bari. The Normans under Robert Guiscard defeat the Byzantines, and occupy the cities of Gravina and Obbiano in Apulia.
February 28 – King Abbad II al-Mu'tadid dies after a 27-year reign. He is succeeded by his son Al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad, who becomes the ruler of the Taifa of Seville in Al-Andalus (until 1091).

January 28 – Northumbrians kill the new Norman earl of Northumbria, Robert de Comines, at Durham, and attack York.
King Sweyn II of Denmark lands a fleet in the Humber in support of the Northumbrian rebels and they join him to burn York, attacking its two castles and destroying the old Minster.
At Stafford, William the Conqueror swiftly defeats a rebellion led by Edwin, Earl of Mercia.{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=Alan|last2=Palmer|first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=52–53|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}
Winter of 1069–1070 – Harrying of the North: King William the Conqueror quells rebellions made by his English subjects against his rule, campaigning through the north of England with his forces, burning houses, crops, cattle and land from York to Durham, resulting in the deaths of over 100,000 people, mainly from starvation and winter cold.{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/timeline/normanbritain_timeline_noflash.shtml|work=British History Timeline|title=Norman Britain|publisher=BBC|access-date=2007-12-23}}

Emperor Shenzong of Song China appoints Wang Anshi as his chief chancellor. He implements the New Policies, which include financial and trade reforms, defense and order, institution of the baojia system, etc.
Nam tiến, the southward expansion of the territory of Đại Việt (modern Vietnam), begins when a Lý dynasty army attacks Champa, capturing King Rudravarman III.{{cite book|author=Nguyen The Anh|chapter=Le Nam tien dans les textes Vietnamiens|editor=Lafont, P. B.|title=Les frontieres du Vietnam|publisher=Edition l’Harmattan|location=Paris|year=1989}}