1069 Planckia
{{Short description|Background asteroid}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| name = 1069 Planckia
| background = #D6D6D6
| image = 001069-asteroid shape model (1069) Planckia.png
| image_scale =
| caption = Shape model of Planckia from its lightcurve
| discoverer = M. F. Wolf
| discovery_site = Heidelberg Obs.
| discovered = 28 January 1927
| mpc_name = (1069) Planckia
| alt_names = 1927 BC{{·}}1952 QY
{{mp|1975 VG|8}}
| pronounced =
| named_after = Max Planck
{{small|(German physicist)}}
| mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{small|(outer)}}
background
| epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
| uncertainty = 0
| observation_arc = 90.75 yr (33,147 d)
| aphelion = 3.4721 AU
| perihelion = 2.7809 AU
| semimajor = 3.1265 AU
| eccentricity = 0.1105
| period = 5.53 yr (2,019 days)
| mean_anomaly = 76.394°
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.1783|sup=ms}} / day
| inclination = 13.563°
| asc_node = 142.38°
| arg_peri = 31.794°
| dimensions = {{val|35.657|0.680}} km
{{val|39.17|1.40}} km
39.35 km {{small|(derived)}}
{{val|39.50|2.1}} km
{{val|43.675|0.859}} km
{{val|44.34|1.28}} km
| rotation = {{val|8.643|0.05}} h
{{val|8.655|0.001}} h
{{val|8.66|0.05}} h
{{val|8.665|0.005}} h{{efn|name=lightcurve-plot-Warner}}
{{val|10.58|0.05}} h
| albedo = {{val|0.1771|0.0206}}
{{val|0.179|0.011}}
0.1982 {{small|(derived)}}
{{val|0.2158|0.025}}
{{val|0.219|0.037}}
| spectral_type = SMASS {{=}} S
| abs_magnitude = 9.30{{·}}9.4
}}
1069 Planckia, provisional designation {{mp|1927 BC}}, is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately {{convert|39|km|mi|abbr=off|sp=us}} in diameter. It was discovered on 28 January 1927, by astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in Germany. The asteroid was named after German physicist Max Planck.
Orbit and classification
Planckia is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.8–3.5 AU once every 5 years and 6 months (2,019 days; semi-major axis of 3.13 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 14° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg in February 1927, or 10 days after its official discovery observation.
Naming
This minor planet was named after noted German physicist Max Planck (1858–1947), on the commemoration of his 80th birthday. He was a professor of physics at Berlin University and the founder of quantum mechanics. In 1918, he received the Nobel prize in Physics. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 ({{small|H 101}}). He is also honored by a lunar crater Planck.
Physical characteristics
In the SMASS classification, Planckia is a common, stony S-type asteroid.
= Rotation period =
Between 2000 and 2010, several rotational lightcurves of Planckia were obtained from photometric observations by Brian Warner, Jérôme Caron and René Roy ({{small|U=2/3/3/2/2-}}). Lightcurve analysis gave a consolidated rotation period of 8.665 hours with a brightness amplitude between 0.14 and 0.42 magnitude.{{efn|name=lightcurve-plot-Warner}}
= Diameter and albedo =
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Planckia measures between 35.657 and 44.34 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.1771 and 0.219.
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.1982 and a diameter of 39.35 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.4.
Notes
{{notelist|refs=
{{efn|name=lightcurve-plot-Warner|1=[http://www.minorplanetobserver.com/pdolc/A1069_2010.HTM Lightcurve plot of 1069 Planckia], Palmer Divide Observatory, Brian D. Warner (2010). Summary figures at the [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=1069%7CPlanckia LCDB]}}
}}
References
{{reflist|30em|refs=
|type = 2017-10-29 last obs.
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1069 Planckia (1927 BC)
|url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001069
|publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory
|accessdate = 7 December 2017}}
|title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names
|url = https://archive.org/details/dictionaryminorp00schm
|url-access = limited
|last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D.
|publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg
|chapter = (1069) Planckia
|page = [https://archive.org/details/dictionaryminorp00schm/page/n104 91]
|date = 2007
|isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3
|doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1070}}
|title = 1069 Planckia (1927 BC)
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1069
|accessdate = 7 December 2017}}
|title = Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1069) Planckia
|last = Behrend |first = Raoul
|publisher = Geneva Observatory
|url = http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page3cou.html#001069
|accessdate = 7 December 2017}}
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero
|first2 = T. |last2 = Grav
|first3 = A. K. |last3 = Mainzer
|first4 = C. R. |last4 = Nugent
|first5 = J. M. |last5 = Bauer
|first6 = R. |last6 = Stevenson
|first7 = S. |last7 = Sonnett
|date = August 2014
|title = Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos
|journal = The Astrophysical Journal
|volume = 791
|issue = 2
|page = 11
|bibcode = 2014ApJ...791..121M
|doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121
|arxiv = 1406.6645}}
|title = Asteroid 1069 Planckia – Proper Elements
|publisher = AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site
|url = https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.6&n=1069
|access-date= 28 October 2019}}
|title = LCDB Data for (1069) Planckia
|publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)
|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=1069%7CPlanckia
|accessdate = 7 December 2017}}
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui
|first2 = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda
|first3 = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller
|first4 = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa
|first5 = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro
|first6 = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo
|first7 = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara
|first8 = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza
|first9 = Satoshi |last9 = Takita
|first10 = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu
|first11 = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno
|first12 = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara
|first13 = Takashi |last13 = Onaka
|date = October 2011
|title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey
|journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
|volume = 63
|issue = 5
|pages = 1117–1138
|bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U
|doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117
|doi-access= free
}} ([http://vizier.cfa.harvard.edu/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-source=J/PASJ/63/1117/acua_v1&Num=1069 online], [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43545172.pdf AcuA catalog p. 153])
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer
|first2 = T. |last2 = Grav
|first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero
|first4 = E. |last4 = Hand
|first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer
|first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen
|first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan
|first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr
|first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri
|first10 = E. |last10 = Wright
|first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins
|first12 = W. |last12 = Mo
|first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski
|date = November 2011
|title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results
|journal = The Astrophysical Journal
|volume = 741
|issue = 2
|page = 25
|bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M
|doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90
|arxiv = 1109.6407}}
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero
|first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer
|first3 = T. |last3 = Grav
|first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer
|first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri
|first6 = C. |last6 = Nugent
|first7 = M. S. |last7 = Cabrera
|date = November 2012
|title = Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M
|journal = The Astrophysical Journal Letters
|volume = 759
|issue = 1
|page = 5
|bibcode = 2012ApJ...759L...8M
|doi = 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8
|arxiv = 1209.5794
|access-date= 7 December 2017}}
|first1 = E. F. |last1 = Tedesco
|first2 = P. V. |last2 = Noah
|first3 = M. |last3 = Noah
|first4 = S. D. |last4 = Price
|date = October 2004
|title = IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0
|url = https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab
|journal = NASA Planetary Data System
|volume = 12
|pages = IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0
|bibcode = 2004PDSS...12.....T
|accessdate = 22 October 2019}}
|last1 = Warner
|first1 = B.
|date = September 2001
|title = Asteroid Photometry at the Palmer Divide Observatory
|journal = Minor Planet Bulletin
|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/MPB/issues/MPB_28-1.pdf
|volume = 28
|issue = 1
|pages = 40–41
|bibcode = 2001MPBu...28...40W
|access-date = 12 March 2020
|archive-date = 13 February 2020
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200213220314/http://www.minorplanet.info/MPB/issues/MPB_28-1.pdf
|url-status = dead
}}
|last1 = Warner
|first1 = Brian D.
|date = July 2010
|title = Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory: 2009 December - 2010 March
|journal = Minor Planet Bulletin
|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/MPB/issues/MPB_37-3.pdf
|volume = 37
|issue = 3
|pages = 112–118
|bibcode = 2010MPBu...37..112W
|issn = 1052-8091
|access-date = 12 March 2020
|archive-date = 13 February 2020
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200213220318/http://www.minorplanet.info/MPB/issues/MPB_37-3.pdf
|url-status = dead
}}
}}
External links
- [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/OneAsteroidInfo.php Lightcurve Database Query] (LCDB), at www.minorplanet.info
- [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
- [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Geneva Observatory, Raoul Behrend
- [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
- {{AstDys|1069}}
- {{JPL small body}}
{{Minor planets navigator |1068 Nofretete |number=1069 |1070 Tunica}}
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