110 Lydia
{{Short description|Main-belt asteroid}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet=yes
| background=#D6D6D6
| name=110 Lydia
| image =110Lydia (Lightcurve Inversion).png
| image_scale=
| caption=Lightcurve-based 3D-model of Lydia
| discoverer=Alphonse Borrelly
| discovered=19 April 1870
| mpc_name=(110) Lydia
| alt_names=A870 HA; 1899 VA; {{mp|1972 YS|1}}
| pronounced={{IPAc-en|'|l|ɪ|d|i|ə}}Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
| named_after=Lydia
| mp_category={{Hlist
}}
| epoch=31 July 2016 (JD 2457600.5)
| semimajor={{Convert|2.7325|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}
| perihelion={{Convert|2.51115|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}
| aphelion={{Convert|2.9539|AU|Gm|abbr=on|lk=on}}
| eccentricity=0.081021
| inclination=5.9645°
| asc_node=56.871°
| arg_peri=283.499°
| mean_anomaly=348.344°
| avg_speed=17.99 km/s
| dimensions={{Ubl
}}
| mass={{Val|6.7e17|u=kg}}
| density=
| surface_grav={{Val|0.0241|u=m/s2}}
| escape_velocity=0.0455 km/s
| rotation={{Ubl
| {{Convert|10.927|h|d|abbr=on|lk=on}}
}}
| spectral_type={{Ubl
| X (Bus)
}}
| albedo={{Ubl
}}
| single_temperature=~168 K
| mean_motion={{Deg2DMS|0.21820|sup=ms}} / day
| observation_arc=145.80 yr (53,255 d)
| uncertainty=0
| tisserand=3.341
}}
110 Lydia is a large belt asteroid with an M-type spectrum, and thus may be metallic in composition, consisting primarily of nickel-iron. It was discovered by French astronomer Alphonse Borrelly on 19 April 1870 and was named for Lydia, the Asia Minor country populated by Phrygians. The Lydia family of asteroids is named after it.
Observations made during 1958–1959 at the McDonald Observatory and in 1969 at the Kitt Peak National Observatory found an uneven light curve with a period of 10.9267 hours. In the late 1990s, a network of astronomers worldwide used light curves to derive spin states and shape models of 10 new asteroids, including (110) Lydia. They obtained a period of 10.92580 hours, with the brightness varying by no more than 0.2 in magnitude.
In the Tholen classification system, it is categorized as an M-type asteroid, while the Bus asteroid taxonomy system lists it as an Xk asteroid. Absorption features in the near infrared are attributed to low-iron, low-calcium orthopyroxene minerals. Water content on the surface is estimated at 0.14–0.27 by mass fraction (wt%). Measurements of the thermal inertia of 110 Lydia give a value between 70 and {{Nowrap|200 J·m−2·K−1·s−1/2}}, compared to 50 for lunar regolith and 400 for coarse sand in an atmosphere. It is a likely interloper in the Padua family of minor planets that share similar dynamic properties.
References
{{Reflist|refs=
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| publisher = IAU Minor Planet center
| url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html
| accessdate= 2013-04-07
| postscript= .
}}
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| last1 = Yeomans
| title = 110 Lydia
| work = JPL Small-Body Database Browser
| publisher = NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
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| isbn = 3-540-00238-3
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|first1 = Francesca E.
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|title = An extension of the Bus asteroid taxonomy into the near-infrared
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|accessdate = 2013-12-11
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|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140317200310/https://www.tara.tcd.ie/bitstream/2262/43276/1/PEER_stage2_10.1016/j.icarus.2009.02.005.pdf
|archivedate = 2014-03-17
}} See appendix A.
| last1 = Taylor
| first1 = R. C.
| last2 = Gehrels
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| first3 = A. B.
| display-authors = 1
| title = Minor Planets and Related Objects. VI. Asteroid (110) Lydia
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| page = 141
|date=March 1971
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| bibcode = 1971AJ.....76..141T
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| issue = 1
| pages = 331–337
| date = April 2007
| doi = 10.1051/0004-6361:20066347
| bibcode = 2007A&A...465..331D
| postscript= .
| doi-access= free
| url= https://hal.science/hal-03801313/file/aa6347-06.pdf
}}
| last1 = Delbo'
| first1 = Marco
| last2 = Tanga
| first2 = Paolo
| title = Thermal inertia of main belt asteroids smaller than 100 km from IRAS data
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| issue = 2
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| date = February 2009
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|arxiv = 0808.0869 }}
|last1=Hardersen
|first1=Paul S.
|last2=Gaffey
|first2=Michael J.
|last3=Abell
|first3=Paul A.
|title=Near-IR spectral evidence for the presence of iron-poor orthopyroxenes on the surfaces of six M-type asteroids
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}}
|last1 = DeMeo
|first1 = Francesca E.
|last2 = Binzel
|first2 = Richard P.
|last3 = Slivan
|first3 = Stephen M.
|last4 = Bus
|first4 = Schelte J.
|display-authors = 1
|title = An extension of the Bus asteroid taxonomy into the near-infrared
|work = Icarus
|volume = 202
|issue = 1
|pages = 160–180
|date = July 2009
|doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.02.005
|bibcode = 2009Icar..202..160D
|url = http://www.tara.tcd.ie/bitstream/2262/43276/1/PEER_stage2_10.1016%252Fj.icarus.2009.02.005.pdf
|accessdate = 2013-04-08
|postscript = .
|url-status = dead
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140317200310/https://www.tara.tcd.ie/bitstream/2262/43276/1/PEER_stage2_10.1016/j.icarus.2009.02.005.pdf
|archivedate = 2014-03-17
}} See appendix A.
}}
External links
- [http://www.minorplanetobserver.com/pdolc/A110_2012.HTM Lightcurve plot of 110 Lydia], Palmer Divide Observatory, B. D. Warner (2012)
- [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }})
- [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
- [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR]{{Snd}} Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
- [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)–(5000)]{{Snd}} Minor Planet Center
- {{AstDys|109}}
- {{JPL small body}}
{{Minor planets navigator |109 Felicitas |number=110 |111 Ate}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lydia}}