120 mm howitzer Model 1901
{{Infobox weapon
|name=120 mm howitzer Model 1901
|image=12 cm Mrs Hb 01 Hämeenlinna 2.JPG
|image_size=300
|caption=A Russian model 1901 captured during the Finnish Civil War at the Hameenlinna artillery museum.
|origin={{flag|German Empire}}
|type=Howitzer
|is_ranged=yes
|is_bladed=
|is_explosive=yes
|is_artillery=yes
|is_vehicle=
|is_UK=
|service=1901-?
|used_by=See Users
|wars=* Second Boer War
|designer=Krupp
|design_date=1901
|manufacturer=Krupp
|production_date=1901
|number=Russia: ?
Romania: 31
|variants=
|weight=Travel: {{convert|1835|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
Combat: {{convert|1065|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
|length=
|part_length={{convert|1.4|m|ftin|abbr=on}} L/11.6
|width=
|height=
|crew=
|cartridge=Cased separate-loading
|cartridge_weight=HE: {{convert|15.6|kg|lboz|abbr=on}}
Shrapnel: {{convert|21|kg|lboz|abbr=on}}
|caliber={{convert|120|mm|in|abbr=on}}
|action=
|rate=
|velocity={{convert|300|m/s|ft/s|abbr=on}}
|range={{convert|6.5|km|mi|0|abbr=on}}
|max_range=
|feed=
|sights=
|breech=Horizontal sliding block
|recoil=Spring loaded recoil spade
|carriage=Box trail
|elevation=0° to +42°
|traverse=
|filling=
|filling_weight=
|detonation=
|yield=
}}
The 120 mm howitzer Model 1901 – was a German howitzer used by the Imperial Russian and Romanian Armies during the First World War.{{Cite book|title=Artileria Română în date şi imagini|last=Stroea|first=Adrian|date=2010|publisher=Editura Centrului Tehnic-Editorial al Armatei [CTEA]|others=Băjenaru, Gheorghe.|isbn=9786065240803|location=București|pages=44|oclc=895490826}}
Design
The model 1901 was a short ranged field howitzer capable of both direct and indirect fire.{{Cite web|url=http://www.bulgarianartillery.it/Bulgarian%20Artillery%201/Krupp%20120mm%201901_Hb_Romania.htm|title=Krupp 120mm 1901_Hb_Romania|website=www.bulgarianartillery.it|access-date=2018-07-01}} The model 1901 had a short steel barrel, a box trail carriage, two wooden spoked wheels with steel rims, a horizontal sliding-block breech, it fired cased separate-loading ammunition and had a spring-loaded recoil spade. For transport, the trail of the carriage could be connected to a limber and caisson for towing by a six-horse team.
Users
- {{flag|Orange Free State}} – The Boers used an unknown number of model 1901 howitzers during the Second Boer War.{{Cite web|url=http://samilitaryhistory.org/vol022dh.html|title=South African Military History Society – Journal- Guns in South Africa 1899–1902|website=samilitaryhistory.org|access-date=2018-07-01}}
- {{flag|Russian Empire}} – An unknown number of model 1901 howitzers were used by the Imperial Russian Army. The photos in the gallery below are of a model 1901 that was captured from the Russians during the Finnish Civil War and is displayed at the Hameenlina artillery museum.
- {{ROM}} – In 1902 two batteries of four guns were assigned to the 2nd artillery regiment in Bucharest. This was followed by three more batteries assigned to 1st, 2nd, and 3rd regiments. In 1915 the Romanians added a gun shield to protect the gunners. In 1916 the Romanian Army had 31 of these howitzers when they entered the First World War.{{Cite book|title=Romania in World War 1916–1919. Volume I. Documents-Annexes|publisher=Official Gazette and State Imprints, Bucharest, 1934–1940|pages=56}}
Photo Gallery
File:12 cm Mrs Hb 01 Hämeenlinna 1.JPG
File:12 cm Mrs Hb 01 Hämeenlinna 3.JPG
File:12 cm Mrs Hb 01 Hämeenlinna 4.JPG
References
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:120 mm howitzer Model 1901}}
Category:World War I howitzers
Category:Romania in World War I
Category:Russo-Japanese war weapons of Russia