1212 Francette
{{Short description|Hildian asteroid}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| name = 1212 Francette
| background = #D6D6D6
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| discoverer = L. Boyer
| discovery_site = Algiers Obs.
| discovered = 3 December 1931
| mpc_name = (1212) Francette
| alt_names = 1931 XC{{·}}{{mp|1949 HB|1}}
1949 HZ{{·}}1965 JB
A918 KA
| pronounced =
| named_after = Francette Boyer
(discoverer's wife)
| mp_category = main-belt{{·}}(outer)
Hilda
| epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
| uncertainty = 0
| observation_arc = 85.98 yr (31,406 days)
| aphelion = 4.7109 AU
| perihelion = 3.1972 AU
| semimajor = 3.9541 AU
| eccentricity = 0.1914
| period = 7.86 yr (2,872 days)
| mean_anomaly = 282.89°
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.1254|sup=ms}} / day
| inclination = 7.5898°
| asc_node = 149.58°
| arg_peri = 348.23°
| jupiter_moid = 0.3433 AU
| dimensions = {{val|76.395|0.155}} km
{{val|82.13|3.2}} km
{{val|85.81|2.18}} km
| rotation = {{val|16}} h (poor)
{{val|22.433|0.007}} h{{efn|name=Lightcurve-plot-CS3}}
| albedo = {{val|0.037|0.002}}
{{val|0.0400|0.003}}
{{val|0.040|0.007}}
{{val|0.046|0.007}}
| spectral_type = Tholen {{=}} P{{·}}P
SMASS {{=}} X
B–V {{=}} 0.693
U–B {{=}} 0.215
| abs_magnitude = 9.54{{·}}{{val|9.62|0.23}}
}}
1212 Francette (provisional designation {{mp|1931 XC}}) is a dark Hildian asteroid from the outermost regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 82 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 3 December 1931, by French astronomer Louis Boyer at the Algiers Observatory in Algeria, North Africa, who named it after his wife Francette Boyer.
Orbit and classification
Francette is the second largest member of the small Hilda family ({{small|001}}), an asteroid family within the dynamical Hilda group, that stays in an orbital resonance with the gas giant Jupiter. It orbits the Sun in the outermost asteroid belt at a distance of 3.2–4.7 AU once every 7 years and 10 months (2,872 days; semi-major axis of 3.95 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.19 and an inclination of 8° with respect to the ecliptic.
The asteroid was first observed as {{mp|A918 KA}} at Simeiz Observatory in May 1918. The body's observation arc begins at Algiers with its official discovery observation.
Physical characteristics
In the Tholen classification, Francette is a primitive P-type asteroid. In the SMASS classification it is an X-type asteroid. The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) also characterizes Francette as a dark P-type, while the overall spectral type for members of the Hilda family is typically that of a carbonaceous C-type.{{rp|23}}
= Rotation period =
In July 2016, a rotational lightcurve of Francette was obtained from photometric observations by American astronomers Brian Warner, Robert Stephens and Dan Coley at the Center for Solar System Studies ({{small|U80–82}}) in California. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 22.433 hours with a brightness variation of 0.13 magnitude ({{small|U=2/3-}}), superseding a period of 16 hours, previously measured in the 1970s.{{efn|name=Lightcurve-plot-CS3}}
= Diameter and albedo =
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE telescope, Francette measures between 76.395 and 85.81 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.037 and 0.046.
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.0400 and a diameter of 82.13 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.54.
Naming
This minor planet was named by the discoverer after his wife, Francette Boyer. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 ({{small|H 112}}).
Notes
{{notelist|refs=
{{efn|name=Lightcurve-plot-CS3|1=[http://www.planetarysciences.org/plots/RDS/1212_FRANCETTE_2016-07-05.PNG Lightcurve plot of (1212) Francette] by Warner, Stephens and Coley at the CS3 from 5 July to 2 August 2016 rotation period {{val|22.433|0.007}} hours and an amplitude of 0.13 mag. Quality code of 3-. Summary figures at the [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=1212%7CFrancette LCDB]}}
}}
References
{{reflist|30em|refs=
|type = 2017-11-27 last obs.
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1212 Francette (1931 XC)
|url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001212
|publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory
|accessdate = 5 January 2018}}
|last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D.
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|isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3
|doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1213 |chapter = (1212) Francette }}
|title = 1212 Francette (1931 XC)
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1212
|accessdate = 5 January 2018}}
|display-authors = 6
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|first4 = J. |last4 = Masiero
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|first6 = R. S. |last6 = McMillan
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|first9 = E. |last9 = Wright
|first10 = P. R. |last10 = Eisenhardt
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|first13 = D. |last13 = Elsbury
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|journal = The Astrophysical Journal
|volume = 744
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|bibcode = 2012ApJ...744..197G
|doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/744/2/197
|arxiv = 1110.0283
|s2cid = 44000310 |access-date= 5 January 2018}}
|title = Asteroid 1212 Francette – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0
|work = Small Bodies Data Ferret
|url = https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1212+Francette#Asteroid%201212%20FrancetteEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201004034036/https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1212+Francette#Asteroid%201212%20FrancetteEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0
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|archive-date = 4 October 2020
|accessdate = 26 October 2019
}}
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|arxiv = 1502.01628
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}}
|title = LCDB Data for (1212) Francette
|publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)
|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=1212%7CFrancette
|accessdate = 5 January 2018}}
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui
|first2 = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda
|first3 = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller
|first4 = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa
|first5 = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro
|first6 = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo
|first7 = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara
|first8 = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza
|first9 = Satoshi |last9 = Takita
|first10 = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu
|first11 = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno
|first12 = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara
|first13 = Takashi |last13 = Onaka
|date = October 2011
|title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey
|journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
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|volume = 12
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|first1 = Brian D. |last1 = Warner
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|first3 = Daniel A. |last3 = Coley
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|title = Lightcurve Analysis of Hilda Asteroids at the Center for Solar System Studies: 2016 June-September
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|display-authors = 6
|first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer
|first2 = T. |last2 = Grav
|first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero
|first4 = E. |last4 = Hand
|first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer
|first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen
|first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan
|first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr
|first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri
|first10 = E. |last10 = Wright
|first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins
|first12 = W. |last12 = Mo
|first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski
|date = November 2011
|title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results
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|volume = 741
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|page = 25
|bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M
|doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90
|arxiv = 1109.6407|s2cid = 35447010 }}
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres
|first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke
|first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons
|first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau
|first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik
|first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin
|first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel
|first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat
|first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett
|first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers
|first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling
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|first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier
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|date = November 2015
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|arxiv = 1506.00762
|s2cid = 53493339 |access-date= 5 January 2018}}
}}
External links
- [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }})
- [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
- [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
- [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
- {{AstDys|1212}}
- {{JPL small body}}
{{Minor planets navigator |1211 Bressole |number=1212 |1213 Algeria}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Francette}}