125 Liberatrix

{{Short description|Main-belt asteroid}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}

{{Infobox planet

| minorplanet=yes

| background=#D6D6D6

| name=125 Liberatrix

| image= 125Liberatrix (Lightcurve Inversion).png

| image_scale =

| caption=A three-dimensional model of 125 Liberatrix based on its light curve.

| discoverer=Paul Henry and Prosper Henry

| discovered=11 September 1872

| mpc_name=(125) Liberatrix

| alt_names=A872 RA; 1902 EG;
1943 FE; {{mp|1949 OE|1}};
1949 SM; {{mp|1954 TD|1}}

| pronounced={{IPAc-en|'|l|ɪ|b|ə|r|eɪ|t|r|ɪ|k|s}}{{Cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/liberatrix |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200322185702/https://www.lexico.com/definition/liberatrix |url-status=dead |archive-date=22 March 2020 |title=liberatrix |dictionary=Lexico UK English Dictionary |publisher=Oxford University Press}}

| mp_category=Main belt
(liberatrix)

| epoch=31 July 2016 (JD 2457600.5)

| orbit_ref=

| semimajor={{Convert|2.74391|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}

| perihelion={{Convert|2.53084|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}

| aphelion={{Convert|2.95698|AU|Gm|abbr=on|lk=on}}

| eccentricity=0.077651

| period=4.55 yr (1660.2 d)

| inclination=4.66407°

| asc_node=169.003°

| arg_peri=109.288°

| mean_anomaly=307.971°

| avg_speed=17.96 km/s

| dimensions={{val|43.58|2.3|ul=km}}
61.058 km

| mass=8.7{{e|16}} kg

| density=2.0 g/cm³

| surface_grav=0.0122 m/s²

| escape_velocity=0.0231 km/s

| rotation={{Convert|3.968|h|d|abbr=on|lk=on}}

| spectral_type=M (Tholen)

| abs_magnitude=9.04, 8.90

| albedo={{val|0.2253|0.026}}
0.1305 ± 0.0269

| single_temperature=~168 K

| mean_motion={{Deg2DMS|0.216845|sup=ms}} / day

| observation_arc=143.54 yr (52428 d)

| uncertainty=0

| moid={{Convert|1.51912|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}

| jupiter_moid={{Convert|2.13019|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}

| tisserand=3.340

}}

125 Liberatrix is a main-belt asteroid. It has a relatively reflective surface and an M-type spectrum. Liberatrix is a member of an asteroid family bearing its own name.

It was discovered by Prosper Henry on 11 September 1872, from Paris. Some sources give Paul Henry sole credit for its discovery.Schmadel Lutz D. Dictionary of Minor Planet Names (fifth edition), Springer, 2003. {{ISBN|3-540-00238-3}}. The asteroid's name is a feminine version of the word "liberator". Henry may have chosen the name to mark the liberation of France from Prussia during the Franco-Prussian War in 1870. More specifically, it may honor Adolphe Thiers, the first President of the French Republic, who arranged a loan that enabled the Prussian troops to be removed from France.

In the late 1990s, a network of astronomers worldwide gathered lightcurve data to derive the spin states and shape models of 10 asteroids, including Liberatrix. Liberatrix's lightcurve has a large amplitude of 0.4 in magnitude, indicating an elongated or irregular shape.Durech, J.; Kaasalainen, M.; Marciniak, A.; Allen, W. H. et al. "[http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006yCat..34650331D Asteroid brightness and geometry]," Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 465, Issue 1, April I 2007, pp. 331-337.

The spectrum of this asteroid matches a M-type asteroid. It may be the remnant of an asteroid that had undergone differentiation, with orthopyroxene minerals scattered evenly across the surface. There is no indication of hydration.

To date, there have been at least two observed occultations by Liberatrix. Early on 11 December 2014, Liberatrix occulted a 9th magnitude star and was visible over the majority of Southern California and a swath of Mexico.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}}