133 BC
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{Year nav|-133}}
{{BC year in topic|133}}
File:Extent of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between 218 BC and 117 AD.png
__NOTOC__
Year 133 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Scaevola and Frugi (or, less frequently, year 621 Ab urbe condita) and the Second Year of Yuanguang. The denomination 133 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
= By place =
== Roman Republic ==
- Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi, as consul, is sent against the slaves in Italy. Gaius Marius serves under Publius Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus at Numantia.
- Scipio Aemilianus captures Numantia,{{cite book|last=Davis|first=Paul|title=Besieged: An Encyclopedia of Great Sieges from Ancient Times to the Present|year=2001|publisher=ABC-CLIO|page=29}} after a siege of eight months, suffering famine and pestilence. The remnant population of 4,000 citizens, surrender and set their city on fire. Thus ends the Numantine War.
- Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus, is elected tribune of the people. He attempts to pass a law to redistribute the public land to benefit small landowners. Opposed by wealthier factions in the Roman Senate, he is killed by a group of senators and their followers that same year.
- The Kingdom of Pergamum is deeded to Rome, Aristonicus starts a rebellion against this.
== China ==
- June – A large army of the Han dynasty, under the overall command of Han Anguo, attempts to ambush the Xiongnu leader Junchen Chanyu in the Battle of Mayi. By pretending to betray the city of Mayi, a Han official had lured Junchen onto Han soil. However, a captured Chinese officer tips off Junchen, and so he avoids the ambush. The episode abrogates the Xiongnu-Han treaty (called heqin 和親 or "harmonious kinship") and marks the beginning of Emperor Wu's Han-Xiongnu War.
- Foreign Minister Wang Hui, who, against the opposition of Han Anguo, had advocated for war, fails to attack the retreating supply column of the Xiongnu and is sentenced to death. He commits suicide.{{cite book|first=Hing Ming|last= Hung|title=The Magnificent Emperor Wu: China's Han Dynasty|year= 2020|isbn=978-1628944167|pages= 127–131}}
Deaths
- Attalus III, king of Pergamon. In his will, he makes the people of Rome his heirs (b. 170 BC)Hansen, Esther V. (1971). The Attalids of Pergamon. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press; London: Cornell University Press Ltd. {{ISBN|0-8014-0615-3}}.Kosmetatou, Elizabeth (2003) "The Attalids of Pergamon," in Andrew Erskine, ed., A Companion to the Hellenistic World. Oxford: Blackwell: pp. 159–174. {{ISBN|1-4051-3278-7}}. [https://books.google.com/books?id=c1-SvffPjUUC&pg=PA159&dq=kosmetatou&ei=5n0sSPeUPIuOywSjx6XLAw&sig=1cqZNmNUIlpKQecTZeac2XRwn5M text]Simon Hornblower and Tony Spawforth, Who's Who (Classical World), pg. 61.
- Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus the Roman tribune (assassination) (b. 168 BC)