1509 in literature

• unknown dates
• Alexander Barclay's The Shyp of Folys of the Worlde and Henry Watson's The Shyppe of Fooles appear. Both are English verse translations ultimately deriving from Sebastian Brant's satire Das Narrenschiff (1494).
• Desiderius Erasmus writes The Praise of Folly while staying with Thomas More in England.{{Cite book |last=Palmer |first=Alan |last2=Palmer |first2=Veronica |year=1992 |title=The Chronology of British History |publisher=Century Ltd |location=London |pages=145–148 |isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}
• The early 14th-century verse romance Richard Coer de Lyon is first published, by Wynkyn de Worde in England.

• Desiderius Erasmus – Stultitiae Laus (The Praise of Folly)
• Fortunatus (published in Augsburg)
• Francesco Guicciardini – Storie fiorentine (History of Florence)
• Manjarasa – Samyukta Koumudi
• Luca Pacioli – De divina proportione (illustrations by Leonardo da Vinci)
• John Stanbridge – Vulgaria

• Ludovico Ariosto – I suppositi

{{main|1509 in poetry}}

• Stephen Hawes{{Cite book |editor=Cox, Michael |title=The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2004 |isbn=0-19-860634-6 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/conciseoxfordchr00coxm }}
• {{sic|hide=y|The Convercyon of Swervers}}
• {{sic|hide=y|A Joyfull Medytacyon to all Englande}}
• {{sic|hide=y|The History of Graunde Amour and la Bel Pucel, conteining the knowledge of the Seven Sciences and the Course of Mans Life in this Woride or The Pastyme of Pleasure}}

• April 25 – Thomas Vaux, English court poet (died 1556){{cite web |url=http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/hasrg/ats/engpo5-toc.html |publisher=Academic Text Service (ATS), Stanford University Library |work=Chadwyck-Healey English Poetry Database |title=Tudor Poetry, 1500-1603 |accessdate=2009-09-08 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608071217/http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/hasrg/ats/engpo5-toc.html |archivedate=2011-06-08 |url-status=dead }}
• July 10 – John Calvin, French Protestant religious leader and writer (died 1564)
• August 3 – Étienne Dolet, French humanist writer and printer (executed 1546)
• unknown dates
• Kanaka Dasa, Indian Kannada poet, philosopher, musician and composer from Karnataka (died 1609)
• William Turner, English ornithologist and cleric (died 1568)

• June 28 – John Filipec, Bohemian royal advisor and later monk, proprietor of a printing press (born 1431)Rudolf Grieger: Filipecz, Johann Bischof von Wardein: Diplomat der Könige Matthias und Wladislaw, Studia Hungarica, vol. 20, Munich, 1982
• unknown date
• Aliénor de Poitiers, Burgundian courtier and writer (born c.1444){{cite book|title=Court and Civic Society in the Burgundian Low Countries C.1420-1530|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ahU4zjFlRBcC&pg=PA90|year=2007|publisher=Manchester University Press|isbn=978-0-7190-5620-8|pages=90}}
• Juraj Šižgorić, Croatian poet writing in Latin (born c. 1440/1445){{Cite web |url=http://www.mqdq.it/mqdq/poetiditalia/indice.jsp?ordine=crono |title=Tra Medioevo en rinascimento |work=Poeti di Italia in Lingua Latina |language=Italian |accessdate=2009-05-14 |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20240524093522/https://www.webcitation.org/5h5lnIRZh?url=http://www.mqdq.it/mqdq/poetiditalia/indice.jsp%3Fordine=crono |archivedate=2024-05-24 |url-status=dead }}

{{reflist|30em}}

{{Year in literature article categories}}