1539 in science
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The year 1539 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed here.
Botany
- Hieronymus Bock publishes the first edition of his flora of Germany, the Kreutterbuch, adopting a new system of classification based on his observations.
Cartography
- Olaus Magnus publishes his Carta marina in Italy, the first detailed map of Scandinavia.{{cite book|first=Bernard|last=Grun|title=The Timetables of History|edition=3rd|location=New York|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=1991|isbn=0-671-74919-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/timetablesofhist1991grun/page/241 241]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/timetablesofhist1991grun}}
Exploration
- May 30 – Hernando de Soto lands at Tampa Bay, Florida.
- August–September – Francisco de Ulloa explores the Gulf of California.
Medicine
- Johannes Baptista Montanus is appointed professor of medicine at the University of Padua where he introduces clinical medicine, including bedside examination, into the curriculum, integrating theory and practice.{{cite book|first=Paul F.|last=Grendler|title=The Universities of the Italian Renaissance|location=Baltimore|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|year=2004|pages=341–342|isbn=9780801880551|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=65e7Xd9a-PgC&dq=%22Giovanni+Battista+da+Monte%22&pg=PA341}}
Births
- September/October – José de Acosta, naturalist (died 1600)
- exact date unknown – Olivier de Serres, soil scientist (died 1619)
Deaths
- August – Vannoccio Biringuccio, Italian metallurgist (born 1480)