1540s in Denmark

• Monarch – Christian III{{cite web|title=Christian III: Scandinavian king|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Christian-III|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=19 November 2019|language=en}}
• Steward of the Realm – Mogens Gøye (until 1544), Eske Bille (from 1547)

;1541

• The Royal Mint relocates to the former St. Clare's Priory in Copenhagen.
• Eriksen Banner succeeds Tyge Krabbe as Marshal of the Realm.

;1540

• 5 September – Magnus, Duke of Holstein, prince of Denmark and titular King of Livonia (died 1583 in Latvia)

;1542

• 9 November 1542 – Anders Sørensen Vedel, priest and historiographer (died 1616)

;1543

• Anders Foss, bishop (died 1607){{cite encyclopedia|url= https://runeberg.org/dbl/5/0262.html|title=Foss, Anders|first=Carl Frederik|last=Bricka|author-link=Carl Frederik Bricka|encyclopedia = Dansk biografisk Lexikon|access-date= 9 November 2019|language=da}}

;1545

• 25 March – John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg (died 1622)
• 29 June – Dorothea of Denmark, duchess (died 1617 in Germany)

;1546

• 11 September 1546 – Arild Huitfeldt, historian (died 1609)
• 14 December – Tycho Brahe, astronomer (died 1601)

1547

• 21 December – Steen Ottesen Brahe, privy counsellor and landowner (died 1620)

;1548

• Magnus Heinason, Faroese sailor and privateer (died 1589)

Date unknown

• Axel Gyldenstierne (c. 1542), Governor-general of Norway (died 1603)
• Ingeborg Skeel (c. 1545), landowner and county sheriff (died 1604)

• 1543 – Gyde Spandemager, alleged witch
• April 6 1544 – Mogens Gøye, statesman (born c. 1470)

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Denmark

Category:16th century in Denmark