1677 in England

• Monarch – Charles II

• 16 February – politicians the Earl of Shaftesbury, Duke of Buckingham, Lord Wharton and the Earl of Salisbury are arrested and sent to the Tower of London for challenging the legitimacy of the new session of Parliament.{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/278 278]}}
• February – Nathaniel Lee's blank verse tragedy The Rival Queens, or the Death of Alexander the Great, is performed at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, with Mrs Charlotte Melmoth as Roxana.{{cite book|first=Robert|last=Birley|author-link=Robert Birley|title=Sunk without Trace: some forgotten masterpieces reconsidered|url=https://archive.org/details/sunkwithouttrace0000birl|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Rupert Hart-Davis|year=1962}}
• 16 April – Royal assent given to:
• Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction Act, placing the power to judge heresy and similar offences with the ecclesiastical courts, whose power of punishment is limited to excommunication, thus abolishing capital punishment (burning at the stake) in such cases.{{cite book|last=Levy|first=Leonard Williams|title=Blasphemy: Verbal Offense Against the Sacred, from Moses to Salman Rushdie|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zZu63qz85nsC|publisher=UNC Press Books|year=1995|isbn=0-8078-4515-9|page=210}}
• Statute of Frauds.
• 10 September – Henry Purcell is appointed a musician to the royal court.
• 4 November – William of Orange marries Princess Mary of York at St James's Palace.
• 30 December – William Sancroft nominated by the King as Archbishop of Canterbury.{{cite web|first=R. A. P. J.|last=Beddard|title=Sancroft, William (1617–1693)|work=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/24610|access-date=2012-06-01|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/24610}} {{ODNBsub}}

• The Baptist Confession of Faith is first published in London.
• The Monument to the Great Fire of London, designed by Christopher Wren and Robert Hooke is completed.
• Chapel of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, designed by Wren.
• Elias Ashmole gifts the collection that begins the Ashmolean Museum to the University of Oxford.
• The John Roan School is established in Greenwich, London.
• Robert Plot publishes The Natural History of Oxford-shire, being an essay toward the natural history of England, in which he describes the fossilised femur of a human giant, now known to be from the dinosaur Megalosaurus.
• Fabian Stedman publishes Tintinnalogia, or, the Art of Ringing.

• 17 September – Stephen Hales, physiologist, chemist and inventor (died 1761)
• 17 November – Sir Francis Boynton, Member of Parliament (died 1739)
• Whitmore Acton, Member of Parliament (died 1732)
• Elizabeth Wardlaw, writer (died 1727)

• 4 May – Isaac Barrow, mathematician (born 1630)
• 20 May – George Digby, 2nd Earl of Bristol, statesman (born 1612)
• August – Matthew Locke, composer (born 1621)
• 27 August – Richard Sackville, 5th Earl of Dorset, Earl (born 1622)
• 11 September – James Harrington, political philosopher (born 1611)
• 14 October – Francis Glisson, physician, anatomist and writer (born 1597)
• 2 November – Robert Sidney, 2nd Earl of Leicester, Earl (born 1595)
• Ralph Bankes, Member of Parliament (born 1631)
• Thomas Manton, theologian (born 1620)
• Gilbert Sheldon, Archbishop of Canterbury (born 1598)

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{{Year in Europe|1677}}

Category:Years of the 17th century in England