1739 in science

The year 1739 in science and technology involved some significant events.

Earth sciences

Leonhard Euler solves the general homogeneous linear ordinary differential equation with constant coefficients.
Euler invents the tonnetz (German for "tone-network"), a conceptual lattice diagram that shows a two-dimensional tonal pitch space created by the network of relationships between musical pitches in just intonation.{{cite book|first=Leonhard|last=Euler|title=Tentamen novae theoriae musicae|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_aekmN1V98GcC}}{{cite journal|url=http://www.wilsoncenter.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=wq.essay&essay_id=231266|title=Euler's Constancy|last=Derbyshire|first=John|authorlink=John Derbyshire|journal=The Wilson Quarterly|date=Spring 2007|access-date=2008-01-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011021152/http://www.wilsoncenter.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=wq.essay&essay_id=231266|archive-date=2007-10-11|url-status=dead}}

Émilie du Châtelet publishes Dissertation sur la nature et la propagation du feu.

Copley Medal: Stephen Hales{{cite web |title=Copley Medal {{!}} British scientific award |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |accessdate=21 July 2020 |language=en}}

June 2 – The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences is founded in Stockholm by Linnaeus, Mårten Triewald and others.{{cite web|title=History|publisher=Kungl. Vetenskapsakademien|url=http://www.kva.se/en/About-the-academy/History/|accessdate=2011-09-27}}

November 14 – William Hewson, English surgeon, anatomist and physiologist, "father of haematology" (died 1774)
December 14 – Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours, French industrialist (died 1817)
Israel Lyons, English mathematician and botanist (died 1775)

April 19 – Nicholas Saunderson, English scientist and mathematician (born 1682)
April 27 – Nicolas Sarrabat, French scientist, astronomer and mathematician (born 1698)