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1808–09 United States Senate elections#Ohio

{{Short description|none}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2025}}

{{Infobox election

| election_name = 1808–09 United States Senate elections

| country = United States

| flag_year = 1795

| type = legislative

| ongoing = no

| previous_election = 1806–07 United States Senate elections

| previous_year = {{Nowrap|1806 & 1807}}

| next_election = 1810–11 United States Senate elections

| next_year = {{Nowrap|1810 & 1811}}

| seats_for_election = 12 of the 34 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections)

| majority_seats = 18

| election_date = Dates vary by state

| image_size = 100px

| 1blank = Seats up

| image1 =

| party1 = Democratic-Republican Party

| last_election1 = 27 seats

| seats_before1 = 28

| seats1 = 8

| seats_after1 = 27

| seat_change1 = {{decrease}} 1

| 1data1 = 9

| image2 =

| party2 = Federalist Party

| last_election2 = 7 seats

| seats_before2 = 6

| seats2 = 4

| seats_after2 = 7

| seat_change2 = {{increase}} 1

| 1data2 = 3

| title = Majority Party

| before_election =

| before_party = Democratic-Republican Party

| after_election =

| after_party = Democratic-Republican Party

| map_image = File:1808senatemap.svg

| map_caption = Results:
{{Legend0|#f2bfa6|Federalist hold}} {{legend0|#e27036|Federalist gain}}
{{Legend0|#bef3be|Dem-Republican hold}}

}}

The 1808–09 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states, coinciding with the 1808 presidential election. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1808 and 1809, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.{{cite web|url=https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/17th-amendment|title=17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)|website=National Archives and Records Administration|date=February 8, 2022}} In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 1.

The Federalist Party gained one seat in these elections. The Federalists had gone into the elections with such a small share of Senate seats (6 out of 34, or 18%) that even if they had won every election, they would have still remained a minority caucus.

Results summary

Senate party division, 11th Congress (1809–1811)

  • Majority party: Democratic-Republican (26)
  • Minority party: Federalist (7–8)
  • Other parties: 0
  • Total seats: 34

Change in composition

= Before the regular elections =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width=800px
{{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|7}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|6}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|5}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|4}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|3}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|2}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|1}}

width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|8}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|9}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|10}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|11}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|12}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|13}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|14}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|15}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|16}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|17}}

colspan=9 style="text-align:right" | Majority →

| rowspan=2 {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|18}}

{{party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|27}}
{{Small|Pa.}}
{{Small|Retired}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|26}}
{{Small|R.I.}}
{{Small|Unknown}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|25}}
{{Small|Vt.}}
{{Small|Ran}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|24}}
{{Small|Tenn.}}
{{Small|Ran}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|23}}
{{Small|Ohio}}
{{Small|Ran}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|22}}
{{Small|N.Y.}}
{{Small|Ran}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|21}}
{{Small|N.J.}}
{{Small|Ran}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|20}}
{{Small|Md.}}
{{Small|Ran}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|19}}

{{party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|28}}
{{Small|Va.}}
{{Small|Retired}}

| {{party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|6}}
{{Small|Md.}}
{{Small|Ran}}

| {{party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|5}}
{{Small|Del.}}
{{Small|Ran}}

| {{party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|4}}
{{Small|Conn.}}
{{Small|Ran}}

| {{party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|3}}

| {{party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|2}}

| {{party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|1}}

= Result of the regular elections =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width=800px
{{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|7}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|6}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|5}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|4}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|3}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|2}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|1}}

width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|8}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|9}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|10}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|11}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|12}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|13}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|14}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|15}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|16}}

| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|17}}

colspan=9 style="text-align:right" | Majority →

| rowspan=2 {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|18}}

{{party shading/Vacant/active}} | V{{Sub|1}}
{{Small|Tenn.}}
{{Small|D Loss}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|26}}
{{Small|Va.}}
{{Small|Hold}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|25}}
{{Small|Pa.}}
{{Small|Hold}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|24}}
{{Small|N.Y.}}
{{Small|Hold}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|23}}
{{Small|N.J.}}
{{Small|Re-elected}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|22}}
{{Small|Vt.}}
{{Small|Re-elected}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|21}}
{{Small|Ohio}}
{{Small|Re-elected}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|20}}
{{Small|Md.}}
{{Small|Re-elected}}

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|19}}

{{party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|7}}
{{Small|R.I.}}
{{Small|Gain}}

| {{party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|6}}
{{Small|Md.}}
{{Small|Hold}}

| {{party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|5}}
{{Small|Del.}}
{{Small|Re-elected}}

| {{party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|4}}
{{Small|Conn.}}
{{Small|Re-elected}}

| {{party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|3}}

| {{party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|2}}

| {{party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|1}}

valign=top

! Key:

|

{| class=wikitable

| align=center width=35px {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | DR{{Sub|#}}

| Democratic-Republican

align=center width=35px {{party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|#}}

| Federalist

align=center width=35px {{party shading/Vacant}} | V{{Sub|#}}

| Vacant

|}

Race summaries

Except if/when noted, the number following candidates is the whole number vote(s), not a percentage.

= Special elections during the preceding Congress =

In these special elections, the winner was elected during 1808 or before March 4, 1809; ordered by election date.

class=wikitable
valign=bottom

! rowspan=2 | State

! colspan=3 | Incumbent

! rowspan=2 | Results

! rowspan=2 | Candidates

Senator

! Party

! Electoral
history

Massachusetts
(Class 1)

| John Quincy Adams

| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist

| 1803

| {{Party shading/Federalist/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned June 8, 1808, having broken with his party and lost re-election to the next term.
New senator elected June 9, 1808 having already won election to the next term; see below.
Federalist hold.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}{{Aye}} James Lloyd (Federalist) 179
  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}William Gray (Democratic-Republican) 127{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 18, 2018 | title= Massachusetts 1808 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ma.ussenate.b.1808}}, citing The Freeman's Journal and Philadelphia Mercantile Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA). June 13, 1808.

}}

Ohio
(Class 1)

| John Smith

| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-
Republican

| 1803

| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned April 25, 1808, despite surviving an expulsion trial in the Senate.
New senator elected December 10, 1808.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Successor was also elected to the next term; see below.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} Return Meigs (Democratic-Republican) 43
  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}Nathaniel Massie (Democratic-Republican) 22
  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}Alexander Campbell (Democratic-Republican) 3
  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}James Pritchard (Democratic-Republican) 2{{cite book |last=Taylor | first=William A. | date=1900 | title=Ohio in Congress from 1803 to 1901 | url=https://archive.org/details/ohioincongressfr00tayl | location=Columbus, Ohio | publisher=Century Publishing Co. | via=Internet Archive | page=[https://archive.org/details/ohioincongressfr00tayl/page/97 97] }}

}}

Pennsylvania
(Class 1)

| Samuel Maclay

| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-
Republican

| 1802

| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned before the December 1808 general election (effective January 4, 1809), believing he would lose re-election.
New senator elected January 9, 1809.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Winner was also elected to the next term; see below.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} Michael Leib (Democratic-Republican) 89
  • {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}George Latimer (Federalist) 12
  • {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}Joseph Hemphill (Federalist) 11
  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}William Jones (Democratic-Republican) 4
  • {{Party stripe|Unknown}}John D. Coxe (Unknown) 4{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 3, 2018 | title= Pennsylvania 1809 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:pa.ussenate.special.1809}}, citing Journal of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, 1808. 174-176.

}}

= Races leading to the next Congress =

In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1809; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

class=wikitable
valign=bottom

! rowspan=2 | State

! colspan=3 | Incumbent

! rowspan=2 | Results

! rowspan=2 | Candidates

Senator

! Party

! Electoral
history

Connecticut

| James Hillhouse

| {{party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist

| 1796
1797
1803

| Incumbent re-elected in 1809.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}{{Aye}} James Hillhouse (Federalist)
  • {{data missing|date=February 2020}}

}}

Delaware

| Samuel White

| {{party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist

| 1801 {{Small|(appointed)}}
1803

| Incumbent re-elected January 11, 1809.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}{{Aye}} Samuel White (Federalist) 17
  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}Andrew Gray (Democratic-Republican) 10{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 18, 2018 | title= Delaware 1809 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:de.ussenator.1809}}, citing United States' Gazette (Philadelphia, PA). January 14, 1809.

}}

Maryland

| Samuel Smith

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-
Republican

| 1802

| Incumbent re-elected November 14, 1809.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} Samuel Smith (Democratic-Republican) 53
  • {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}John Eager Howard (Federalist) 29
  • {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}John Thomson Mason (Federalist) 1
  • {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}John H. Nicholson (Federalist) 1
  • {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}Benjamin Stoddert (Federalist) 1
  • {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}Blank (Federalist) 2{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 18, 2018 | title= Maryland 1809 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:md.u.s.senator.1809}}, citing The Hornet (Fredericktown, Md.). November 29, 1809.

}}

Massachusetts

| John Quincy Adams

| {{party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist

| 1803

| {{party shading/Federalist/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election as a Democratic-Republican.
New senator elected June 2, 1808.
Federalist hold.
Incumbent resigned and winner was elected February 7, 1809.
Democratic-Republican hold.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} Obadiah German (Democratic-Republican) 52.4%
  • {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}David Brooks (Federalist) 34.7%
  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}Samuel L. Mitchill (Democratic-Republican) 12.9%{{cite web | url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=392186 | work=Our Campaigns | title= NY US Senate | access-date=February 23, 2015}}

}}

Ohio

| Return Meigs

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-
Republican

| 1808 United States Senate special election in Ohio

| Incumbent elected December 10, 1808.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} Return Meigs (Democratic-Republican) 49
  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}Alexander Campbell (Democratic-Republican) 17
  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}James Pritchard (Democratic-Republican) 4

}}

Pennsylvania

| Samuel Maclay

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-
Republican

| 1808 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania

| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent retired.
New senator elected December 13, 1808 and subsequently elected to finish the remaining term.
Democratic-Republican hold.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} Michael Leib (Democratic-Republican) 90
  • {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}Joseph Hemphill (Federalist) 24
  • {{Party stripe|Constitutional}}John D. Coxe (Constitutional) 11
  • {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Not voting 1{{cite web|title=U.S. Senate Election - 13 December 1808|url=http://staffweb.wilkes.edu/harold.cox/sen/PaSen1808.pdf|publisher=Wilkes University|access-date=December 21, 2012}}

}}

Rhode Island

| Benjamin Howland

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-
Republican

| 1804 United States Senate special election in Rhode Island

| {{party shading/Federalist}} | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
New senator re-elected in 1808.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} Jonathan Robinson (Democratic-Republican) 109
  • {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}Daniel Chipman (Federalist) 97
  • Scattering 3{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 18, 2018 | title= Vermont 1808 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:vt.ussenate.1808}}, citing Weekly Wanderer (Randolph, VT). November 7, 1808.

}}

Virginia

| Andrew Moore

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-
Republican

| 1804 {{Small|(appointed)}}
1804 {{Small|(resigned)}}
1804 United States Senate special elections in Virginia

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent retired.{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 18, 2018 | title= Virginia 1809 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:va.ussenate.a.1809 | archive-date= March 11, 2020 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200311073450/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:va.ussenate.a.1809 | url-status= dead }}, citing United States' Gazette (Philadelphia, PA). January 16, 1809.
New senator elected in 1809.
Democratic-Republican hold.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} Richard Brent (Democratic-Republican)
  • Unopposed

}}

= Special elections during the next Congress =

In this special election, the winner was elected in 1809 after March 4; ordered by election date.

class=wikitable
valign=bottom

! rowspan=2 | State

! colspan=3 | Incumbent

! rowspan=2 | Results

! rowspan=2 | Candidates

Senator

! Party

! Electoral
history

Tennessee
(Class 1)

| Joseph Anderson

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-
Republican

| 1797 United States Senate special elections in Tennessee
1799 {{Small|(resigned)}}
1799 United States Senate special election in Tennessee
1803
1809 {{Small|(appointed)}}

| Interim appointee elected April 11, 1809.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} Joseph Anderson (Democratic-Republican) 23
  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}John Sevier (Democratic-Republican) 16{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= January 29, 2018 | title= Tennessee 1809 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:tn.ussenate.April.1809}}

}}

Tennessee
(Class 2)

| Daniel Smith

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-
Republican

| 1798 United States Senate special election in Tennessee
1799 {{Small|(resigned)}}
1803

| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned March 31, 1809.
New senator elected April 11, 1809.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Winner was later re-elected early to the following Congress; see below.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} Jenkin Whiteside (Democratic-Republican) 22
  • {{Party stripe|Unknown}}James Winchester 16
  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}John Sevier (Democratic-Republican) 1{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= January 30, 2018 | title= Tennessee 1809 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:tn.ussenate.special.1809}}, citing The Minerva (Raleigh, NC). May 4, 1809. The Star (Raleigh, NC). May 4, 1809. National Intelligencer and Washington Advertiser (Washington, DC). May 5, 1809. The True American and Commercial Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA). May 10, 1809. Norwich Courier (Norwich, CT). May 17, 1809. White, Robert Hiram. Messages of the Governors of Tennessee, 1796-1821. Vol. 1. Nashville: The Tennessee Historical Commission, 1952.

}}

Rhode Island
(Class 1)

| Francis Malbone

| {{party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist

| 1808

| {{party shading/Federalist/Hold}} | Incumbent died June 4, 1809.
New senator elected June 26, 1809.
Federalist hold.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}{{Aye}} Christopher G. Champlin (Federalist) Unanimous{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 19, 2018 | title= Rhode Island 1809 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ri.ussenator.1809}}, citing Newport Mercury (Newport, RI). July 1, 1809.

}}

Ohio
(Class 3)

| Stanley Griswold

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-
Republican

| 1809 {{Small|(appointed)}}

| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent appointee retired.
New senator elected December 12, 1809.
Democratic-Republican hold.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} Alexander Campbell (Democratic-Republican)
  • {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Richard S. Thompson (Unknown) 29
  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}James Pritchard (Democratic-Republican)
  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}Thomas Worthington (Democratic-Republican) 1
  • {{Party stripe|Unknown}}David Findlay (Unknown) 1{{cite book |last=Taylor | first=William A. | date=1900 | title=Ohio in Congress from 1803 to 1901 | url=https://archive.org/details/ohioincongressfr00tayl | location=Columbus, Ohio | publisher=Century Publishing Co. | via=Internet Archive | pages=[https://archive.org/details/ohioincongressfr00tayl/page/97 97]–98 }}

}}

Georgia
(Class 3)

| John Milledge

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-
Republican

| 1806 United States Senate special election in Georgia
1806

| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned November 14, 1809.
New senator elected November 27, 1809 on the third ballot.
Democratic-Republican hold.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} Charles Tait (Democratic-Republican) 40
  • {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Elijah Clarke (Unknown) 32
  • {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Thomas Flournoy (Unknown) 31{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 18, 2018 | title= Georgia 1809 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ga.ussenate.special.3.1809}}, citing The Republican and Savannah Evening Ledger (Savannah, GA). December 5, 1809.

}}

New Jersey
(Class 2)

| John Condit

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-
Republican

| 1803 {{Small|(appointed)}}
1803 United States Senate special election in New Jersey
1809 {{Small|(lost)}}
1809 {{Small|(appointed)}}

| Interim appointee elected November 2, 1809.

| nowrap | {{Plainlist |

  • {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}{{Aye}} John Condit (Democratic-Republican) Unanimous{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 18, 2018 | title= New Jersey 1809 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nj.ussenate.1809 | archive-date= February 28, 2020 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200228090022/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nj.ussenate.1809 | url-status= dead }}, citing New Jersey Privy Council Records, 1809. 176.

}}

= Early race leading to the Congress-after-next =

In this regular election, the winner was seated on March 4, 1811; ordered by state.

This election involved a Class 2 seat.

class=wikitable
valign=bottom

! rowspan=2 | State

! colspan=3 | Incumbent

! rowspan=2 | Results

! rowspan=2 | Candidates

Senator

! Party

! Electoral
history

Tennessee

| Jenkin Whiteside

| {{party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-
Republican

| 1809 United States Senate special elections in Tennessee

| Incumbent

{{See also|List of United States senators from Connecticut}}

{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}

Delaware

{{See also|List of United States senators from Delaware}}

{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}

Georgia (special)

{{See also|List of United States senators from Georgia}}

{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}

Maryland

{{See also|List of United States senators from Maryland}}

{{Expand section|date=November 2022}}

{{Infobox election

| election_name = 1808 United States Senate special election in Maryland

| popular_vote1 = 53

| colour1 = AACC99

| percentage1 = 60.92%

| party1 = Democratic-Republican Party

| candidate1 = Samuel Smith

| image1 = SSmith.jpg

| popular_vote2 = 29

| colour2 = F6D6C9

| percentage2 = 33.33%

| party2 = Federalist Party

| candidate2 = John Eager Howard

| image2 = Johneagerhoward.jpg

| next_year = 1816

| next_election = 1816 United States Senate special elections in Maryland

| previous_year = 1802

| previous_election = 1802 United States Senate election in Maryland

| votes_for_election = 80 members of the Maryland General Assembly

| vote_type = Legislative

| election_date = November 1808

| type = presidential

}}

Samuel Smith was appointed to the seat as opposed to a re-election, due to the State House and State Senate unable to come to an agreement on how to elect a Senator.

Samuel Smith then won re-election over John Eager Howard by a margin of 27.59%, or 24 votes, for the Class 1 seat.{{cite web|url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=122671|title=Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - Nov 14, 1809|access-date=2022-11-05|website=www.ourcampaigns.com}}

{{Clear}}

Massachusetts

{{See also|List of United States senators from Massachusetts}}

= Massachusetts (regular) =

{{Main|1808 United States Senate election in Massachusetts}}

{{Election box begin no change|title=June 1808 Senate election{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 3, 2018 | title= Massachusetts 1808 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ma.ussenate.a.1808 | archive-date= December 25, 2019 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191225163402/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ma.ussenate.a.1808 | url-status= dead }}, citing The Pittsfield Sun (Pittsfield, MA). June 11, 1808.

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change

| party = Federalist Party (US)

| candidate = James Lloyd Jr.

| votes = 248

| percentage = 53.68%

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change

| party = Federalist Party (US)

| candidate = John Quincy Adams

| votes = 213

| percentage = 46.10%

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change

| party = Federalist Party (US)

| candidate = Laban Wheaton

| votes = 1

| percentage = 0.22%

}}

{{Election box total no change

| votes = 462

| percentage = 100.00%

}}

{{End}}

= Massachusetts (special) =

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New Jersey

{{See also|List of United States senators from New Jersey}}

= New Jersey (regular) =

{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}

= New Jersey (special) =

{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}

New York

{{Main|1809 United States Senate election in New York}}

{{See also|List of United States senators from New York}}

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Ohio

{{See also|List of United States senators from Ohio}}

{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}

= Ohio (specials) =

{{See also|List of United States senators from Ohio}}

{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}

Pennsylvania

{{See also|List of United States senators from Pennsylvania}}

= Pennsylvania (regular) =

{{Main|1808 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania}}

{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}

= Pennsylvania (special) =

{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}

Rhode Island

{{See also|List of United States senators from Rhode Island}}

= Rhode Island (regular) =

{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}

= Rhode Island (special) =

{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}

Tennessee

{{See also|List of United States senators from Tennessee}}

= Class 1 =

Joseph Anderson, a Democratic-Republican, held a prominent position in Class 1 of the United States Senate, serving intermittently in both the mentioned Senate seat and the other throughout a substantial period, commencing in 1797. His presence in the Senate reflected his notable political influence and the confidence reposed in him by the electorate. Anderson's periodic service underscored the dynamic nature of early American politics, where individuals frequently transitioned between public service and other pursuits. His extended tenure afforded him the opportunity to contribute to various legislative discussions and debates, leaving a lasting impact on the political landscape during a pivotal era in the nation's history.

== Tennessee (regular, class 1) ==

File:JosephAnderson.jpg]]

The Tennessee state legislature encountered a challenge in electing a new senator, resulting in a temporary vacancy in the representation. The seat faced the prospect of becoming officially vacant at the commencement of the term on March 4, 1809. However, in response to the legislative deadlock, the Governor of Tennessee, Willie Blount, took a proactive step and appointed Joseph Anderson to initiate the term on an interim basis. This appointment served as a temporary measure, bridging the gap until a special election could be conducted to fill the senatorial position in accordance with the democratic process.

== Tennessee (special, class 1) ==

Joseph Anderson secured election on April 11, 1809, thereby formalizing his position to complete the senatorial term. This electoral outcome marked the resolution of the previous legislative challenges, as Anderson garnered the necessary support to officially fill the Senate seat.

{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}

= Class 2 =

Democratic-Republican Daniel Smith entered the political arena with his initial election in 1803, marking the commencement of his service in public office. His affiliation with the Democratic-Republican party underlines the prevailing political dynamics of the time, as the United States navigated through the early years of the 19th century.

== Tennessee (special, class 2) ==

Smith resigned March 31, 1809.

Democratic-Republican Jenkin Whiteside was elected April 11, 1809 to finish Smith's term, which would end 1809.

{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}

== Tennessee (regular, class 2) ==

Whiteside was re-elected early October 28, 1809, unopposed.

Vermont

{{See also|List of United States senators from Vermont}}

{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}

Virginia

{{See also|List of United States senators from Virginia}}

{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}

See also

Notes

{{reflist}}

External links

  • [https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/history/one_item_and_teasers/partydiv.htm Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present], via Senate.gov

{{United States Senate elections}}

{{1808 United States elections}}

{{1809 United States elections}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1808-09 United States Senate elections}}