1880 in France

• President: Jules Grévy{{cite web| title = List of presidents of France| url = https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-presidents-of-France-2060874| access-date = 2020-09-15| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160810012735/https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-presidents-of-France-2060874| archive-date = 2016-08-10| url-status = live}}
• President of the Council of Ministers: Charles de Freycinet (until 23 September), Jules Ferry (starting 23 September){{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Freycinet, Charles Louis de Saulçes de|volume=11|page=211}}

• 29 June – France annexes Tahiti.{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-16492623#:~:text=Tahiti%2C%20in%20the%20Society%20islands,gained%20%22overseas%20country%22%20status. |title=French Polynesia territory profile |author= |date=2018-05-22 |website=BBC.com |publisher=BBC |access-date=2020-09-15 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20211202150937/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-16492623#:~:text=Tahiti%2C%20in%20the%20Society%20islands,gained%20%22overseas%20country%22%20status. |archive-date=2021-12-02 }}
• Musée Carnavalet is opened to the public as a museum of Paris history.
• Discovery of piezoelectricity by Pierre Curie and Jacques Curie.{{cite web |url=https://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/201403/physicshistory.cfm#:~:text=March%201880%3A%20The%20Curie%20Brothers%20Discover%20Piezoelectricity&text=It%20was%20discovered%20by%20none,Greek%20for%20%E2%80%9Csqueeze%E2%80%9D). |title=This Month In Physics History |author= |date=March 2014 |website=aps.org |publisher=American Physical Society |access-date=2020-09-15 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224225309/http://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/201403/physicshistory.cfm#:~:text=March%201880%3A%20The%20Curie%20Brothers%20Discover%20Piezoelectricity&text=It%20was%20discovered%20by%20none,Greek%20for%20%E2%80%9Csqueeze%E2%80%9D). |archive-date=2015-02-24 }}

• 14 January – Pierre-Marie Gerlier, Cardinal (died 1965){{cite web |url=https://yadvashem-france.org/les-justes-parmi-les-nations/les-justes-de-france/dossier-1769 |title=Gerlier Pierre-Marie |author= |website=yadvashem-france.org |publisher=Comité Francais pour Yad Vashem |access-date=2020-09-16 |language=fr |trans-title=Gerlier Pierre-Marie |url-status=live |archive-date=2020-09-16 |archive-url=https://conifer.rhizome.org/mossypiglet/wikipedia-citations/20200916162507/https://yadvashem-france.org/les-justes-parmi-les-nations/les-justes-de-france/dossier-1769/}}

• 5 February – Gabriel Voisin, aviation pioneer (died 1973){{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gabriel-Voisin |title=Gabriel Voisin |last=Crouch |first=Tom |date=2020 |website=britannica.com |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=2020-09-15 |url-status=live |archive-date=2018-03-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310061900/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gabriel-Voisin }}
• 20 February – Jacques d'Adelswärd-Fersen, aristocrat, novelist and poet (died 1923){{cite web |url=http://www.quintes-feuilles.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Fersen-engelsill.pdf |title=FRÈRE JACQUES: A SHRINE TO LOVE AND SORROW |last=Ogrinc |first=Will |date=2015 |access-date=2020-09-15 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141009183937/http://www.quintes-feuilles.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Fersen-engelsill.pdf |archive-date=2014-10-09 }}
• 21 February – Pierre Chaumié, politician (died 1966){{cite web |url=https://www.senat.fr/senateur-3eme-republique/chaumie_pierre0741r3.html |title=CHAUMIE Pierre |author= |date=2020-09-16 |access-date=2020-09-15 |language=fr |trans-title=CHAUMIE Pierre |url-status=live |archive-date=2010-07-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100715143318/http://www.senat.fr/senateur-3eme-republique/chaumie_pierre0741r3.html }}
• 17 April – Jacques Suzanne, painter, artist and explorer (died 1967){{cite web |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/ssdi/person/?ssn=0a42537d-b582-e511-93f7-0025907eb195/ |title=Jacques Suzanne: Social Security Death Index Death Record |author= |website=newspaperarchive.com |access-date=2020-09-15 |url-status=live |archive-date=2020-09-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200916024647/https://newspaperarchive.com/ssdi/person/?ssn=0a42537d-b582-e511-93f7-0025907eb195/ }}
• 25 May – Jean Alexandre Barré, neurologist (died 1967){{cite journal |title=Jean-Alexandre Barré (1880–1967) |last1=Owecki |first1=Michał |last2=Skalski| first2=Piotr| last3=Magowska| first3=Anita|journal=Journal of Neurology | date=2017-11-15 |volume=265 |issue=4 |pages=987–989 |doi=10.1007/s00415-017-8673-y |pmid=29143210 |pmc=5878183 }}
• 26 August – Guillaume Apollinaire, poet, writer and art critic (died 1918){{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Guillaume-Apollinaire |title=Guillaume Apollinaire |author= |date=2020-08-22 |website=britannica.com |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=2020-09-16 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-date=2020-09-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918153832/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Guillaume-Apollinaire }}
• 12 October – Marcel-Bruno Gensoul, admiral (d. 1973)[https://www.tracesofwar.com/persons/75567/Gensoul-Marcel-Bruno.htm Gensoul, Marcel-Bruno]
• 8 December – Clément-Emile Roques, Cardinal (died 1964){{cite web |url=https://catholique-montauban.cef.fr/rubriques/gauche/histoire-et-patrimoine/listes-des-eveques/mgr-roques |title=Mgr Clément Emile Roques |author= |publisher=Roman Catholic Diocese of Montauban |language=fr |trans-title=Bishop Clément Emile Roques |access-date=2020-09-16 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-date=2018-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180402034225/http://catholique-montauban.cef.fr/rubriques/gauche/histoire-et-patrimoine/listes-des-eveques/mgr-roques }}

• Charles Catteau, industrial designer (died 1966){{cite web |url=https://www.christies.com/features/Charles-Catteau-Boch-Freres-ceramics-9328-1.aspx |title=Collecting guide: Charles Catteau's Boch Frères ceramics |author= |date=2020 |website=christies.com |publisher=Christie's |access-date=2020-09-16 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-date=2020-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107193234/https://www.christies.com/features/Charles-Catteau-Boch-Freres-ceramics-9328-1.aspx }}
• Désiré-Émile Inghelbrecht, composer and conductor (died 1965){{cite book |last=Inghelbrecht |first=Désiré-Émile |date=1979 |title=The Conductor's World |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qV0JAQAAMAAJ |location=Westport, Connecticut |publisher=Hyperion Press |isbn=9780883557471 }}

• 4 January – Marthe Camille Bachasson, Count of Montalivet, statesman and Peer of France (born 1801){{cite web |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG166416 |title=Marthe Camille Bachasson, Comte de Montalivet |author= |website=britishmusem.org |publisher=The British Museum |access-date=2020-09-16 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-date=2020-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108014307/https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG166416 }}
• 17 January – Agenor, duc de Gramont, diplomat and statesman (born 1819){{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Antoine-Agenor-Alfred-duc-de-Gramont |title=Antoine-Agénor-Alfred, duke de Gramonte |author= |date=2020-08-10 |website=britannica.com |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=2020-09-16 |archive-date=2020-10-20 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020130259/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Antoine-Agenor-Alfred-duc-de-Gramont }}
• 31 January – Adolphe Granier de Cassagnac, journalist and politician (born 1806){{cite web |url=http://www2.assemblee-nationale.fr/sycomore/fiche/(num_dept)/8360 |title=Bernard, Adolphe Granier de Cassagnac |author= |date=2019 |website=assemblee-nationale.fr |publisher=National Assembly of France |access-date=2020-09-16 |language=fr |trans-title=Bernard, Adolphe Granier de Cassagnac |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-date=2020-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108030159/http://www2.assemblee-nationale.fr/sycomore/fiche/(num_dept)/8360 }}
• 8 May – Gustave Flaubert, novelist (born 1821){{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gustave-Flaubert |title=Gustave Flaubert |last1=Dumesnil |first1=René |last2=Barzun |first2=Jacques |date=2020 |website=britannica.com |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=2020-09-16 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-date=2020-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928185520/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gustave-Flaubert }}
• 24 June – Jules Antoine Lissajous, mathematician (born 1822){{cite web |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/lissajous-jules-antoine |title=Lissajous, Jules Antoine |author= |date=2020-09-12 |website=www.encyclopedia.com |publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons |access-date=2020-09-16 |archive-date=2020-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107220218/https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/lissajous-jules-antoine |url-status=bot: unknown }}
• 9 July – Paul Broca, physician, anatomist, and anthropologist (born 1824){{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paul-Broca |title=Paul Broca |author= |date=2020 |website=britannica.com |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=2020-09-16 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-date=2020-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107120223/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paul-Broca }}
• 5 October - Jacques Offenbach, German composer (born 1819){{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jacques-Offenbach |title=Jacques Offenbach |author= |date=2020 |website=britannica.com |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=2020-09-16 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-date=2020-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200903031623/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jacques-Offenbach }}
• 22 October - Alphonse Pénaud, aeronautical pioneer (born 1850){{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alphonse-Penaud |title=Alphonse Pénaud |last=Crouch |first=Tom |date=2020 |website=britannica.com |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=2020-09-16 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-date=2020-09-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200901151724/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alphonse-Penaud }}
• 10 November – Sabin Berthelot, naturalist and ethnologist (born 1794){{cite web |url=https://data.bnf.fr/en/12551973/sabin_berthelot/ |title=Sabin Berthelot (1794-1880) |author= |date=2020-07-08 |website=data.bnf.fr |publisher=Bibliothèque nationale de France |access-date=2020-09-16 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-date=2020-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107151028/https://data.bnf.fr/en/12551973/sabin_berthelot/ }}
• 20 November – Léon Cogniet, painter (born 1794){{cite web |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/438633 |title=The Italian Brigand's Wife |author= |website=metmuseum.org |publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art |access-date=2020-09-16 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-date=2020-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814080111/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/438633 }}
• 24 November – Napoléon Henri Reber, composer (born 1807){{cite web |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/grovemusic/abstract/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000023006 |title=Reber, (Napoléon-)Henri |last=Robert |first=Frédéric |date=2020 |website=oxfordmusiconline.com |publisher=Oxford University Press |access-date=2020-09-16 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-date=2020-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108001150/https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/grovemusic/abstract/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000023006 }}

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Category:1880s in France