1906 United States elections

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{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2025}}

{{Infobox United States elections

| year = 1906

| type = Midterm elections

| election_day = November 6

| incumbent_president = Theodore Roosevelt (Republican)

| next_congress = 60th

| senate_seats_contested = 30 of 90 seatsNot counting special elections

| senate_control = Republican hold

| senate_net_change = Republican +3Congressional seat gain figures only reflect the results of the regularly-scheduled elections, and do not take special elections into account.

| house_seats_contested = All 391 voting seats

| house_control = Republican hold

| house_net_change = Democratic +32

| governor_seats_contested = 28

| governor_net_change = Democratic +2

| governor_map = {{1906 United States gubernatorial elections imagemap}}

| governor_map_caption = 1906 gubernatorial election results{{paragraph break}}

{{legend-inline|#0671B0|Democratic gain}} {{legend-inline|#92C5DE|Democratic hold}}

{{legend-inline|#CA0120|Republican gain}} {{legend-inline|#F48882|Republican hold}}

{{legend-inline|#A3BFBA|Silver hold}}

|senate_map=400px|senate_map_caption=Results of the elections:
{{legend0|#0671B0|Democratic gain}} {{legend0|#92C5DE|Democratic hold}}
{{legend0|#CA0120|Republican gain}} {{legend0|#F48882|Republican hold}}
{{legend0|#000000|Legislature failed to elect}}}}

Elections were held for the 60th United States Congress. It occurred in the middle of Republican President Theodore Roosevelt's second (only full) term, during the Fourth Party System. Republicans retained control of both houses of Congress.

Democrats won several seats in the House, but Republicans retained a solid majority in the chamber.{{cite web|title=Party Divisions of the House of Representatives|url=http://history.house.gov/Institution/Party-Divisions/Party-Divisions/|publisher=United States House of Representatives|access-date=25 June 2014}}

In the Senate, Republicans won moderate gains and maintained their commanding majority in the chamber.{{cite web|title=Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present|url=https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/history/one_item_and_teasers/partydiv.htm|publisher=United States Senate|access-date=25 June 2014}}

This marked the most recent time in which a sitting two-term Republican president retained both chambers of Congress after his second midterm.