1922 United Kingdom general election in Scotland

{{Short description|none}}

{{Main|1922 United Kingdom general election}}

{{more citations needed|date=July 2016}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}

{{Use British English|date=May 2014}}

{{Infobox election

| election_name = 1922 United Kingdom general election

| country = Scotland

| type = parliamentary

| ongoing = no

| previous_election = 1918 United Kingdom general election in Scotland

| previous_year = 1918

| previous_mps = List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1918

| next_election = 1923 United Kingdom general election in Scotland

| next_year = 1923

| seats_for_election = All 74 Scottish seats to the House of Commons

| elected_mps = List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1922

| election_date = 15 November 1922

| turnout =

| image1 = 150x150px

| leader1 = J. R. Clynes

| leader_since1 = 14 February 1921

| leaders_seat1 = Manchester Platting

| party1 = Labour Party (UK)

| seats_before1 = 6{{efn|name=fn2}}

| seats1 = 29{{efn|name=fn2}}

| seat_change1 = {{increase}}23{{efn|name=fn2}}

| popular_vote1 = 501,254{{efn|name=fn1}}

| percentage1 = 32.2%{{efn|name=fn1}}

| swing1 = {{increase}}9.3%{{efn|name=fn1}}

| image2 = 150x150px

| leader2 = H. H. Asquith

| leader_since2 = 30 April 1908

| leaders_seat2 = Paisley

| party2 = Liberal Party (UK)

| seats_before2 = 9{{efn|name=fn2}}

| seats2 = 16{{efn|name=fn2}}

| seat_change2 = {{increase}}7{{efn|name=fn2}}

| popular_vote2 = 328,649{{efn|name=fn1}}

| percentage2 = 21.5%{{efn|name=fn1}}

| swing2 = {{increase}}6.1%{{efn|name=fn1}}

| image3 = 150x150px

| leader3 = Bonar Law

| leader_since3 = 23 October 1922

| party3 = Unionist Party (Scotland)

| leaders_seat3 = Glasgow Central

| seats_before3 = New party{{efn|name=unionists}}{{efn|name=fn2|Combined results for burgh, county and university seats}}

| seats3 = 15{{efn|name=fn2}}

| seat_change3 = {{decrease}}17{{efn|name=unionists}}{{efn|name=fn2}}

| popular_vote3 = 379,396{{efn|name=unionists}}{{efn|name=fn1|Total and percentage votes given here are for territorial constituencies only}}

| percentage3 = 25.1%{{efn|name=unionists}}{{efn|name=fn1}}

| swing3 = {{decrease}}7.7%{{efn|name=unionists}}{{efn|name=fn1}}

| image4 = 150x150px

| leader4 = David Lloyd George

| leader_since4 = 7 December 1916

| party4 = National Liberal Party (UK, 1922)

| leaders_seat4 = Carnarvon Boroughs

| seats_before4 = 25{{efn|name=natlibs}}{{efn|name=fn2}}

| seats4 = 12{{efn|name=fn2}}

| seat_change4 = {{decrease}}13{{efn|name=natlibs}}{{efn|name=fn2}}

| popular_vote4 = 288,529{{efn|name=natlibs}}{{efn|name=fn1}}

| percentage4 = 17.7%{{efn|name=natlibs}}{{efn|name=fn1}}

| swing4 = {{decrease}}1.4%{{efn|name=natlibs}}{{efn|name=fn1}}

| image5 = 150x150px

| leader5 = Albert Inkpin

| leader_since5 = 1920

| party5 = Communist Party of Great Britain

| leaders_seat5 = No seat

| seats_before5 = 0{{efn|name=fn2}}

| seats5 = 1{{efn|name=fn2}}

| seat_change5 = {{increase}}1{{efn|name=fn2}}

| popular_vote5 = 23,944{{efn|name=fn1}}

| percentage5 = 1.4%{{efn|name=fn1}}

| swing5 = {{increase}}1.4%{{efn|name=fn1}}

| image6 = Edwin Scrymgeour.jpg

| leader6 = Edwin Scrymgeour

| leader_since6 = 1901

| party6 = Scottish Prohibition Party

| leaders_seat6 = Dundee

| seats_before6 = 0 seats{{efn|name=fn2}}

| seats6 = 1{{efn|name=fn2}}

| seat_change6 = {{increase}}1{{efn|name=fn2}}

| popular_vote6 =

| percentage6 =

| swing6 =

| map_image = United Kingdom general election 1922 in Scotland.svg

| map_size =

| map_caption = Results of the 1922 election in Scotland {{legend|#DC241F|Labour}}{{legend|#FFD700|Liberal}}{{legend|#5555FF|Unionist}}{{legend|#FFF890|National Liberal}}{{legend|#B22222|Communist Party of Great Britain}}{{legend|#800080|Scottish Prohibition Party}}

}}

A general election was held in the United Kingdom on 15 November 1922. Of the 74 seats representing Scotland, 71 seats represented burgh and county constituencies contested under the first past the post electoral system, and 3 represented the Combined Scottish Universities multi-member University constituency, which used the Single Transferable Vote (STV) method.{{cite web|url=https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/sn04458/|title=Research Briefing: Voting systems in the UK|date=10 January 2023|publisher=Library of the House of Commons|access-date=26 November 2024}} As voters in university constituencies voted under a different system, and in addition to their territorial vote, the results are compiled separately.

The election saw major gains for the Labour party, which had entered the election as Scotlands' 6th largest party, and emerged from the election as the largest party in Scotland. In contrast both the Conservatives (represented in Scotland by the Unionist party) and the National Liberals suffered heavy losses. These two parties had composed the ruling coalition government under David Lloyd George, which had collapsed following the Conservatives withdrawal from the coalition amidst several scandals. Most of the elected Labour MP's had included support for Scottish Home Rule in their manifestos.{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/timelines/ztrpn39|title=Scotland's road to referendum|website=BBC Timelines}} Part of the reason for Labour's success came from a shift in the political alignment of Scottish Catholics of Irish descent, who had prior to Irish independence voted Liberal due to the partys' support for Irish Home Rule.{{cite book |date= January 2000|title=Scottish Christianity in the Modern World: In Honour of A. C. Cheyne |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yr8mAALmiUcC&q=1922+general+election+scotland&pg=PA263 |page=263 |isbn=9780567087652|last1= Brown|first1= Stewart J.|last2= Newlands|first2= George|last3= Newlands|first3= G. M.|last4= Cheyne|first4= A. C.|publisher=A&C Black }}{{full citation needed|date=April 2018}} Despite this, the two Liberal parties received between them 39.2% of the Scottish vote.

Of the party leaders, two represented Scottish constituencies, with Bonar Law representing Glasgow Central and Asquith representing Paisley.

Two minor parties were also able to pick up seats with the Communist party gaining Motherwell and the Scottish Prohibition Party gaining a seat in Dundee (in the process ejecting Winston Churchill from Parliament).